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BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTAMP:20260414T121234Z
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20230214T120000
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20230214T130000
SUMMARY:SLS/ WMS Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Seminar: Natural Wo
 lbachia strains in wild Anopheles mosquito populations from Sub-Saharan 
 Africa\, Dr Thomas Walker \, School of Life Science
TZID:Europe/London
UID:20230214-8a1785d886121885018617af60d512bb@warwick.ac.uk
CREATED:20230210T094435Z
DESCRIPTION:Abstract: Wolbachia bacteria naturally infect many insect spe
 cies but until recently have not been detected in the Anopheles mosquito
  genera which exclusively transmit malaria Plasmodium parasites. Despite
  promising evidence from lab experiments that transinfected strains can 
 inhibit Plasmodium\, whether Wolbachia exist in symbiotic associations i
 n wild Anopheles populations is less certain. Numerous studies focusing 
 on the Anopheles gambiae complex (the major vectors in Sub-Saharan Afric
 a) provided PCR-based evidence for both the presence of Wolbachia strain
 s and an inhibitory effect on Plasmodium parasites. However\, the vast m
 ajority of studies report Wolbachia DNA sequence detection at low densit
 y and infection frequencies using only highly sensitive nested PCR. This
  is problematic given the possibility of environmental contamination or 
 integration into the host genome. Stronger evidence using multiple detec
 tion methods is required to determine whether Wolbachia strains are esta
 blished as natural endosymbionts in Anopheles species. We have identifie
 d higher density Wolbachia strains in two species: Anopheles moucheti (w
 AnM strain) and Anopheles demeilloni (wAnD strain). In this talk\, I wil
 l provide robust evidence for high-density natural Wolbachia strains in 
 diverse geographical mosquito populations. In contrast to previously det
 ected strains\, wAnD and wAnM can be visualized in the ovaries\, are mat
 ernally inherited\, dominate the mosquito microbiome and can infect soma
 tic tissue. We have also assembled Wolbachia genomes and provide evidenc
 e that these strains are likely CI inducing from the presence of CI fact
 or (cif) gene homologs. Given these strains exist in wild Anopheles popu
 lations they appear ideal candidates for transinfection to major malaria
  vector species. Biography: Tom is a medical entomologist who joined SLS
  in September 2022 and his research group studies novel methods of contr
 ol for insect-borne diseases such as malaria. The main focus of his rese
 arch is on the endosymbiotic bacterium Wolbachia and his group explores 
 ways in which this bacterium can be used to reduce human pathogen transm
 ission. The Walker group undertakes both field and lab research and have
  worked on collaborative projects in numerous malaria-endemic countries 
 including Cameroon\, Guinea\, Madagascar\, Kenya and the DRC. Tom’s main
  interest is now leading the development of Wolbachia-based biological c
 ontrol methods for Anopheles mosquitoes that transmit malaria following 
 the success of his previous work as part of the World Mosquito Program (
 based in Australia) and a Wellcome Trust/Royal Society Sir Henry Dale Fe
 llowship (2014-2022) at LSHTM. The Wolbachia-infected Aedes aegypti mosq
 uito lines he created were released into wild populations and have recen
 tly been shown to reduce the incidence of symptomatic dengue and hospita
 lisations by ~77% in a randomised control trial in Indonesia. These line
 s Tom created have now been released into more than 12 dengue endemic co
 untries and are having significant effects on dengue transmission. Tom’s
  research interests in malaria have expanded to include collaborations o
 n molecular insecticide resistance and the wider mosquito microbiome. To
 m has also been involved in mosquito surveillance projects in Greece & A
 lbania (West Nile virus)\, Ghana (malaria)\, Ethiopia (yellow fever viru
 s)\, Brazil (Zika virus)\, Tanzania (lymphatic filariasis)\, St Lucia (a
 rboviruses) and Madagascar (rift valley fever virus). Tom is particularl
 y interested in novel methods for vector and pathogen surveillance. In t
 he lab the Walker group undertake molecular analysis of wild caught inse
 ct samples (mosquitoes\, sandflies\, ticks) and develop insect embryo in
 jection protocols including projects supporting genetic modification of 
 sandflies (vectors of leishmaniasis) and Triatomine bugs (vectors of Cha
 gas disease). Tom’s research has been funded by the Wellcome Trust\, Bil
 l and Melinda Gates Foundation\, Royal Society\, MRC\, BBSRC\, USAid\, R
 SHTM and the Sir Halley Stewart Trust.
LOCATION:A041\, WMS
CATEGORIES:BiomedicalSciences,DivisionalSeminars,SLS/WMS Microbiology and
  Infectious Disease seminar
LAST-MODIFIED:20230210T094435Z
ORGANIZER;CN=Jas Bains:
END:VEVENT
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