Data collection obtained from devices and services such as email, internet searches, online shopping, social media, and CCTV can deliver great benefits, but also raise a number of ethical concerns.

• Consent and autonomy - Consent is authorised by a set of ‘terms and conditions’ that the individual may not have fully read or understood.
• Privacy and surveillance - Data fusion techniques have the potential to re-identify the people connected with anonymous data.
• Data protection - Large data-sets can be hard to manage, which makes them attractive targets for hackers.
• Reliability, false positives, and bias - Big data analysis has the potential to unjustly disadvantage individuals.
• Intelligibility of algorithms - Ethical differences between matching and predictive algorithms