Syllabus 26-27

NB: page count estimates are approximate throughout and for reading planning purposes.

Part 1: Taxa

Week 1: Introduction

Linnaeus. 1735. From start of "Class I: Mammalia" to end of "Man" in Systema Naturae (50pp)

Aristotle, Book 1 of Politics (20pp)

Week 2: Places and Natures

Hippocrates, On Airs, Waters, and Places (50pp)

Ptolemy, Books 2-7 from Geography (100pp, mostly lists)

Galen, De Temperamentis (100pp)

Week 3: Climate

Bodin, J. ‘Criteria By Which to Test the Origins of Peoples’ from 1566 Methodus ad facilem historiarum cognitionem (30pp); Chapters 1-5 of Book 1 (20pp) and Chapter 1 of Book 5 (15pp) from 1576 Les Six livres de la République

Hegel, G.W.F. 1837. “The Nature of a State” in Lectures on the Philosophy of World History (30pp)

Week 4: Civilization

Pope Nicholas V. 1452. Dum Diversas (3pp)

Pope Nicholas V. 1455. Romanus Pontifex (5pp)

Pope Alexander VI. 1493. Inter Caetera (3pp)

Gobineau, A. 1853. The Inequality of Human Races (200pp)

Week 5: Fate

Bible, Genesis 9 (KJV) (1p)

Seligman, C. G. 1966. The Races of Africa. 4th ed. Oxford University Press (160pp)

Ibn Khaldun, 1377, Third Prefatory Discussion from Volume 1 of The Muqaddimah (7pp); all of chapters 1-2 recommended.

Part 2: Object Problems

Week 7: Blood and Lineage

Sentencia-Estatuto de Toledo, 1449 (1p)

Burk, R. L. 2010. Introduction and chapter 1 in “Salus Erat In Sanguine: Limpieza de Sangre and Other Discourses of Blood in Early Modern Spain” [Dissertation] (35pp)

Plecker, W.A. 1924. The New Virginia Law to Preserve Racial Integrity. Virginia Health Bulletin, Department of Health 16(2):1-4 (4pp)

Plecker, W.A. 1929. Amount of Negro and Other Colored Blood Illegal in Various States for Marriage to Whites, 1929. Eugenical News 14(8):121. (1p)

Indian Reorganization Act, 1934 (7pp)

Nuremberg Laws, 1935. (3pp)

Week 8: Skulls and Brains

Combe, G. 1843. Introduction to A System of Phrenology (100pp), and look over the plates at the end and list of organs in the contents

Morton, S.G. “Varieties of the Human Species” from 1839 Crania Americana (90pp), and look over one of the chapters on a specific ethnic group and the skull plates at the end.

Optional: 1844’s Crania Aegyptiaca (100pp)

Tiedemann, F. 1836. On the Brain of the Negro, Compared with That of the European and the Orang-Outang. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London (126): 497-527 (30pp)

Tobias, P.V. 1970. Brain-size, Grey Matter and Race - Fact or Fiction?. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 32(1):3-25 (20pp)

Week 9: Bodies

Wilson, T. 1890. Anthropology at the Paris Exposition in 1889. Report of the United States National Museum for the year ending June 30, 1890. (40pp)

Beddoe, J. 1861. On the Physical Characteristics of the Jews. Transactions of the Ethnological Society of London 1:222-237 (16pp)

Royal Anthropological Institute, 1864. Miscegenation. The Anthropological Review 2(5): 116-121 (5pp)

Crawfurd, J. 1866. On the Physical and Mental Characteristics of the Negro. Transactions of the Ethnological Society of London 4:212-239 (30pp)

Kopernicki, I. 1871. Anatomico-Anthropological Observations upon the Body of a Negro. The Journal of Anthropology 1(3): 245-258 (10pp)

Hrdlicka, A. 1898. Physical Differences between White and Colored Children. American Anthropologist 11(11): 347-350 (3pp)

Hunt, J. 1864. On the Negro's Place in Nature. Journal of the Anthropological Society of London, 2:xv-lvi (40pp)

Week 10: Color

Bible, Leviticus 13 (KJV) (5pp)

Rush, B. 1799. Observations Intended to Favour a Supposition That the Black Color (As It Is Called) of the Negroes Is Derived from the Leprosy. Transactions of the American Philosophical Society 4: 289-297 (10pp)

Schamberg, J. F. 1899. The Nature of the Leprosy of the Bible: from a Medical and Biblical Point of View. The Biblical World 13(3): 162-169 (7pp)

Kant, I. 1775. “Of the Different Races of Human Beings” (20pp)

Shoemaker, N. 1997. How Indians Got to be Red. The American Historical Review 102(3):625-644 (20pp)

Keevak, M. 2011. Introduction and Chapter One in Becoming Yellow: A Short History of Racial Thinking. Princeton University Press (40pp)

Pastoureau, M. 2009. First four sections of “In the Devil’s Palette”, and first two of “A Fashionable Color” in Black: The History of a Color. Princeton University Press (30pp)

Some further readings of interest:

Bachrach, S. 2004. In the Name of Public Health — Nazi Racial Hygiene. New England Journal of Medicine 351(5): 417-420

Briggs. 2000. The race of hysteria: "Overcivilization" and the "savage" woman in late nineteenth-century obstetrics and gynecology. American Quarterly, 52(2):246-273.

Brigham, C. C. 1923. A Study of American Intelligence. Princeton University Press.

Brigham, C. C. 1930. “Intelligence Tests of Immigrant Groups”, Psychological Review 37(2):158-165

Burk, R. L. 2017. “Purity and Impurity of Blood in Early Modern Iberia”, in Muñoz-Basols, J., L. Lonsdale & M. Delgado (eds) The Routledge Companion to Iberian Studies. Routledge.

Conklin, A. 2013. “Skulls on Display”, in In the Museum of Man: Race, Anthropology, and Empire in France, 1850–1950. Cornell University Press

Du Bois, W. E. B. 1903. “Of Our Spiritual Strivings”, “Of Mr. Booker T. Washington and Others”, “Of the Training of Black Men”, in The Souls of Black Folk.

Edwards, J. 1999. “The Beginnings of a Scientific Theory of Race? Spain, 1450–1600” in Stillman Y. K. and N. A. Stillman, eds, From Iberia to Diaspora. Leiden: Brill

Goldenberg, D. M. 1997. “The Curse of Ham: a Case of Rabbinic Racism?” in Jack Salzman and Cornel West, eds, Struggles in the Promised Land. Oxford University Press. pp 21-51

Hall, K. F. 1995. Things of Darkness: Economies of Race and Gender in Early Modern England. Cornell University Press.

Kristeva, J. 1982. “Approaching Abjection” in Powers of Horror: An Essay on Abjection. Columbia University Press

Mitchel, D. & S. Snyder. 2003. The Eugenic Atlantic: race, disability, and the making of an international Eugenic science, 1800–1945. Disability and Society 18(7): 843-64

Morgan, J. L. 2018. Partus sequitur ventrem: Law, Race, and Reproduction in Colonial Slavery. Small Axe 22 (1): 1–17

Odum, H. A. 1910. Mental and Social Traits of the Negro. Columbia University Press.

Poskett, J. 2019. Introduction to Materials of the Mind: Phrenology, Race, and the Global History of Science, 1815-1920. University of Chicago Press.

Qureshi, S. 2004. Displaying Sara Baartman, the ‘Hottentot Venus’. History of Science, 42(2):233-257.

Sexton, J. 2003. The Consequences of Race Mixture. Social Identities 9(2): 241-275.

Tallbear, K. 2013. Native American DNA: Tribal Belonging and the False Promise of Genetic Science. University of Minnesota Press.

Villella, P. B. 2011. “Pure and Noble Indians, Untainted by Inferior Idolatrous Races”: Native Elites and the Discourse of Blood Purity in Late Colonial Mexico. Hispanic American Historical Review 91 (4): 633–663