Dal Borgo, Ciriaco

Refs: Infantry constable who served Florence during and after the Pietrasanta campaign: Lorenzo de’ Medici to F Cambini, [13] Mar 1486, Lettere, IX, 190-1, 319

 

D’Alessandro, Antonio c. 1420-c. 1499

Career: Neapolitan lawyer; councillor of Kings Alfonso and Ferrante, including as president of the Sacro regio consiglio, 1480; foreign embassies included missions to Spain in 1459 and 1475, and France in 1478.

Refs: Doctor of laws who signed the league between Sixtus, Naples, Milan and Florence, 13 Mar 1480: Lettere, V, 290. Signed the League between Naples, Milan, Florence and Ferrara, 25 July 1480: Lettere, V, 299. Conveys Ferrante’s views to Lanfredini: -- Nov 1485, G Lanfredini, Copialettere, BNF, II, V, 109. Neapolitan ambassador in Rome: 21 Sept 1486, MAP, 47, 177.

Bibliog: DBI, 31, 733-5

 

'Dalfino’, count [?Louis, count of Montpensier, duke of Auvergne, d. 1486]

Refs: Lionetto de’ Rossi urges Lorenzo to honour D as he is of royal blood, a cousin of and heir to the duke of Bourbon, who has no sons: 22 Dec 1484, MAP, 26, 310. French ambassador to be honoured in Florence as very influential: 1 Jan 1485, MAP, 39, 51. Member of the French embassy to Rome who proceeding afterwards to Naples: 3 Mar 1485, Dieci, Resp, 30, 385. In Rome as ambassador: 12 Apr 1485, Dieci, Resp, 34, 19.

 

Dalla Corvara, Giovan Francesco

Ref: Signore of Unano; friend and relation of the Orsini: 13 Mar 1486, Dieci, Resp, 33, 523.

 

Dalla Corvara, Luca

Ref: Signore of Unano; friend and relation of the Orsini: 13 Mar 1486, Dieci, Resp, 33, 523.

 

Dalla Costa, Battista

Ref: A leading Genoese citizen backing the Florentine impresa from within his city: 20 Jan 1485, Dieci, Resp, 30, 202.

 

Dalla Ghiarola, Giovanni d. 1485

Ref: Head of the Florentine genti; his death: MAP, 48, 292, 22 Feb 1485.

 

Dall’Oncagnano, Ambrogino

Ref: Infantry captain of the castello of Milan who is to send some provvisionati to spy on the Genoese: MAP, 48, 54, 3 Oct 1484.

 

Dal Verme, Pietro, count c. 1445-1485

Career: Grandson of the condottiere Carmagnola. m (1) Cecilia del Maino, (2) Chiara, illegitimate daughter of Galeazzo Maria Sforza. Inherited substantial estates in 1449 and was so important a lord in the duchy of Milan that the Sforza alternatively disgraced and conciliated him. Hostile to Ludovico Sforza’s regime from 1480. At his sudden death, his estates were distributed among Ludovico’s favourites.

Refs: Married Chiara di Galeazzo Maria Sforza with a dowry consisting of Pieve di Verno and Valessina in lieu of the 14,000 ducats promised: Z Saggi to Federico Gonzaga, 26 Apr 1480, ASMa, AG, 1627. Bona and Gian Galeazzo Sforza want Florence to employ D, their new son/brother-in-law, because they cannot afford to do so: dukes of Milan to F Sacramoro, 17 Apr 1480, ASMi, SPE, Firenze, 299. The prospect of Roberto di Sanseverino returning to Milan on the basis of his accords with D, the Fieschi and Pier Maria de’ Rossi: Z Saggi to F Gonzaga, 12 Dec 1481, ASMa, cit. Milan thinks Florence will need more troops, and therefore Ludovico Sforza suggests they hire D, who is very faithful and has good troops: T Ridolfi to the Otto, 19 Jan 1482, Otto, Resp, 2, 186. The Otto cannot emply D because their expenses prevent the acquisition of any new obligations: Otto to T Ridolfi, 26 Jan 1482, Min, 12, 122. Discontented with Milan ‘e non si poter difar …’: G A Vespucci to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 16 Mar 1482, MAP, 38, 114. The names of Pier Maria de’ Rossi and D are frequently linked with that of Roberto di Sanseverino at this period: Lettere, VI, 300-1. Is being sent to the Cremonese; ordered to obey Federico Gonzaga: Z Saggi to F Gonzaga, 26 May 1482, ASMa, cit. Has been instructed by Ludovico Sforza to stay wiith his trrops and obey Gonzaga: Z Saggi to F Gonzaga, 17 July 1482, ASMa, cit. Ordered to go to Federico Gonzaga as soon as he is asked to do so: Z Saggi to F Gonzaga, 15 Aug 1482, ASMa, cit. Money is being sent to him today: Z Saggi to F Gonzaga, 17 Aug 1482, ASMa, cit. Has again been told to stand under Gonzaga’s orders, because the Venetians are making great preparations: Z Saggi to F Gonzaga, 9 Oct 1482, ASMa, cit. Ludovico says D has refused to go to Ferrara because he does not want to be under Sforza command: Z Saggi to F Gonzaga, 13 Oct 1482. Has been ordered to go to the Ferrarese: Z Saggi to F Gonzaga, 14 Oct 1482, ASMa, cit. Ludovico is displeased that D has gone to La Stellata without Gonzaga’s permission: Z Saggi to F Gonzaga, 26 Oct 1482, ASMa, cit. Gonzaga thanks Ludovico for keeping D ‘del canto Suo’; Ludovico would like to send him to Argenta: Z Saggi to F Gonzaga, 5 Nov 1482, ASMa, cit. Went to Ferrara with four squadrons of men-at-arms and twenty-five mounted archers, 25 Nov 1482: Zambotti, 120. Costanzo Sforza is complaining that D refused to give him a squadron for which he had asked: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’E ste, 29 Dec 1482, ASMo, ASE, ambasciatori, Firenze, 3. Is to be used against Gian Luigi Fieschi if he attacks in the Tortonese: Z Saggi to F Gonzaga, 3 June 1483, ASMa, AG, 1628. Efforts are being made to get D and his company on the move: Alfonso d’Aragona to G G Sforza, 7 Dec 1483, Pontano, 178-80. Ludovico wishes to asicurarsi of him by getting control of his fortress(es): -- Aug 1484, MAP, 48, 32. Ludovico’s words against D: 15 Sept 1484, LC, II, V, 15, 135. Described as the first Milanese noble, he seeks a condotta with Florence: 26 Oct 1484, MAP, 48, 10. A secret deal after the peace of Bagnolo assigned D’s lordship and that of Giovanni Borromei to the sons of Roberto di Sanseverino: B Rucellai to Leonardo and Francesco Spina, early Dec 1484, MAP, 48, 267. Ludovico Sforza will not let him leave Milan: 3 Jan 1485, MAP, 48, 279. Recommended as a condottiere: F Guasconi to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 2 Feb 1485 (or 1486?), MAP, 26, 311. Filippo degli Eustachi wanted to save him, as he is a great Ghibelline: 20 Apr 1485, MAP, 51, 300. His death; his lordship goes to Ludovico and is worth 12,000 ducats p a: 22 Oct 1485, MAP, 26, 465. The Torelli have been weakened by his death as they were close allies: 2 Nov 1485, Lettere varie, 11, 78.

 

Da Silico, Antonio

Ref: Medical doctor based in Lucca; the Signoria of Lucca wrote to Lorenzo concering his sons, Felice and Anselmo, and their late father’s interests in Pisa: Lorenzo de’ Medici to the Signoria of Lucca, 13 Jan 1481, Lettere, V, 113-14

 

Davanzati, Giovanni di Piero

Career: Sea consul, Mar 1478-Mar 1479. Member of the Otto di Custodia, Nov 1480-Feb 1481.

Refs: Florentine commissioner at Barga: Dieci, Resp, 32, 153, 13 Sept 1484. Made general commissioner at Barga for ten days: Dieci, Delib, 24, 120, 23 Aug 1485.

 

Davanzati, Tommaso di Piero

Career: Mission to Arezzo, July-Aug 1470. Original deputy for S Maria Novella in the 1471 Balia. Camerlengo generale e delle gabelle di Pisa, Apr-Oct 1472. Accoppiatore, 1477. Provveditore delle gabelle di Pisa, Sept 1479-Sept 1480: Tratte 82, 129. Member of first half of Council of 70, 1480. One of the 12 Procuratori, Oct 1480-Apr 1481, Apr-Oct 1484. Monte offical, Mar 1481-Mar 1484. 1480 Catasto: sostanze 903 fl.

Ref: In the consulta, he supported the raising of new troops if they were needed for the safety of the state; new taxes should be left to the discretion of the Monte: 29 May 1482, Min, 11, 365-7.

 

David di Bascapè

Refs: Secretary of Roberto di Sanseverino: Lettere, VII, 416-17. Roberto sent D to Gian Giacomo Trivulzio as a way of reaching an accord with Ludovico Sforza; of this D informed the Venetian Senate: ASV, Sen Secr, 32, 53-6, 23 June 1484. Signatory to the peace of Bagnolo, 7 Aug 1484: Lettere, VII, 515. ‘David’, Venetian secretary at the Bagnolo negotiations: 7 Aug 1484, ASV, Sen Secr, 32, 76.

 

Davit da Basilea

Refs: Chancellor of Roberto di Sanseverino: Otto, Miss, 3, 157, 20 Aug 1485. Acting as Roberto’s ambassador in Venice: Libri commemoriali, V, 300, 18 Nov 1485.

 

De Gennaro, Andrea di Bartolomeo de Januario

Career: Possibly a brother of Princivalle de Gennaro. Certainly a follower of Alfonso d’Aragona.

Refs: Is at Marino, reporting to Alfonso d’Aragona: F Ricci at Alfonso’s camp at Peutiniano to G G Sforza, 8 May 1482, ASMi, SPE, Napoli, 239. Is taking part in negotiations regarding peace with Sixtus: B Castiglioni to G G Sforza, 17 Oct 1482, ASMi, SPE, Napoli, 240. Left S Lorenzo yesterday; returned today with Giordano Orsini: G F Cagnola at S Lorenzo to G G Sforza, 14 Nov 1482, ASMi, SPE, Napoli, 241. Alfonso is thinking of sending D to Ferrante to see how to arrange his journey to the diet: G F Cagnola to G G Sforza, 18 Nov 1482, ASMi, cit. Has been sent by Alfonso to mobilise troops: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, -- Dec 1482, ASMo, ASE, ambasciatori, Firenze, 3. Has been sent by Alfonso to Ferrara to urge on the Neapolitan troops: J Guicciardini to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 24 Apr 1483, MAP, 48, 315.

Bibliog: DBI, 36, 118-19

 

De Gennaro, [Giovanni] Princivalle

Career: Secretary to Alfonso d’A ragona and his lieutenant-general in Siena in 1480.

Refs: Lorenzo thanked D for sending a licence to export horses from Sicily: ------, Prot, 26. Lorenzo sent Andrea del Fede to Siena with letters of recommendation to D and Jacopo Petrucci in preparation for the palio: 10 Aug 1480, Prot, --. Lorenzo wrote to D and to Jacopo Petrucci about some Barbary horses for the palio: 11 Aug 1480, Prot, 114. The Otto complain about continuing border incidents between Florence and Siena, which the new Sienese government (in spite of Florence’s contrary expectations) is encouraging: Otto to P de Gennaro in Siena, 30 Aug 1480, Otto, Miss int, 1, 44-5. Florence is already very much in D’s debt for all his favours and thank him very much for what he is now doing for her concerning the restituton: Otto to P de Gennaro, 6 Oct 1480, Sig, Miss 1a Canc, 48, 169-70. Discussions among ‘all the orators and Princivalle’: Otto to the Milanese ambassadors at Siena, 7 Oct 1480, Otto, Miss int, 1, 73-4. General letters: Otto to P de Gennaro and T Bottone, 7 Oct 1480, Otto, Miss int, 1, 74[?]. Traiano Bottone and D have completed their mission in Siena and should be proceeding to Colle to effect the restitution; instead, they are asking Florence what cautioni she is willing to put up and are writing to Naples for further instructions: Otto to T Ridolfi at Milan, 12 Oct 1480, Sig, Miss 1a Canc, 48, 170-1. When Ferrante clearly defined his ideas for a partial restitution of the Florentine towns, he instructed Marino Tomacelli, Traiano Bottoni and D to meet the Florentines and the Milanese orators to hand back the towns in Neapolitan hands: P Nasi in Naples to the Otto, 18 Oct 1480, Otto, Resp, 2, 25-7. Tomacelli and Giovanni Albino have arrived from Siena and said that Ferrante has agreed to restore the towns on the terms recently proposed, with some alterations suggested by Milan; D has the commission to carry this out and the Otto have asked him to come to Florence so that there be as little delay as possible: Otto to T Ridolfi, 3 Mar 1481, Min, 11, 133-5. The Otto expect D today and hope for a speedy conclusion: Otto to T Ridolfi, 10 Mar 1481, Min, 11, 135-6. D arrived on 10 Mar, announced his mission on 12 Mar and a deputation of citizens was appointed to work out details with him on the same day: Otto to T Ridolfi, 12 Mar 1481, Min, 11, 139-40. The Florentine commissaries met D and the other Neapolitan and Milanese envoys at Poggibonsi on 29 Mar but, before performing the restitution, D asked the Milanese envoy, Giovanni Antonio Cotta, whether he had brought the money; Cotta replied that it would be at Colle the next day, as arranged; D did not want to hand over anything until he had the money in his hands but, after much debate, a compromise was worked out whereby he would now hand over Poggibonsi and the towns in that area, and refuse to hand over Colle until he had the money; this was done and there was a delay in restoring Colle because the money did not arrive there until late on 30 Mar: L Guicciardini and F Dini at Poggibonsi to the Otto, 29 Mar 1481, Otto, Resp, 1, 106; L Guicciardini and F Dini at Colle to the Otto, 30 Mar 1481, Otto, Resp, 1, 107. D’s part in the text of the accord for the restitution of Poggiboni, Colle Val d’Elsa and Monte S Savino, signed at Poggibonsi, 29 Mar 1481: Lettere, V, 301-2 and 305-6. D has promised that the Neapolitan troops will be gone by Tuesday and he has provided money for them to be paid; on Wednesday he will be ready to hand over Monte S Savino: L Guicciardini and F Dini at Colle to the Otto, 31 Mar 1481, Otto, Resp, 1, 104. D reports from Rome that he is on his way with 150 men-at-arms and 370 infantry from Tuscany: M Trotti in Matera to G G Sforza, 23 Apr 1481, ASMI, SPE, Napoli, 232. Was back in Naples with the agreement over the towns (which remained to be ratified): P Nasi in Matera to the Otto, 8/9 May 1481, Otto, Resp, 1, 210. Ratification was delayed because the Neapolitans had to send to the camp to ask D about certain details: P Nasi in Matera to the Otto, 24 May 1481, Otto, Resp, 1, 260.

 

Dei, Bartolomeo di Emiliano

Ref: Coadjutor to Giovanni Guidi, notary of stanziamenti and condotte: 30 June 1485-Oct 1486 (at least), Dieci, Delib, 30, 300-2.

 

Dei, Benedetto di Domenico 1418-1492

Career: A much-travelled Florentine who visited the Low Countries, north Africa, the Balkans, Turkey and the Black Sea region, and recorded his adventures in his Cronaca.

Refs: ‘Amico carissimo’ of Lorenzo: Lorenzo de’ Medici to B Dei in Milan, 2 Jan 1483, Lettere, VII, 167-8. Ludovico Sforza regrets that letters prepared by Florence as replies to Costanzo Sforza have fallen into D’s hands: B Rucellai from Chiaravalle, near Milan, to the Dieci, 7 July 1483, Dieci, Resp, 28, 137. His letter reports news from France: MAP, 39, 11, 26 Mar 1485.

Bibliog: DBI, 36, 252-7

 

Del Balzo, Pirro, prince of Altamura and duke of Venosa d. 1490

Career: Son of Francesco, duke of Andria, and of Sancia di Chiaramonte, sister of Ferrante’s wife, Isabella. m Maria Donata Orsini. Their children included Isotta Ginevra (m Pietro Guevara), Antonia (m Giovan Francesco Gonzaga) and Isabella (m Federico d’A ragona).

Refs: Visits fra Francesco d’A ragona: 14 Nov 1484, G Lanfredini, Copialettere, BNF, II, V, 15, 175. Ferrante and Alfonso d’Aragona want him to give Ferrante’s son Francesco the lordship promised him as a dowry, but do not want to keep the promises they made to him: 28 May 1485, G Lanfredini, Copialettere, BNF, II, V, 18, 11. There is a division between his daughters over their late mother’s inheritance; one daughter is married to Pietro Guevara, the Grand Seneschal, the other to don Francesco, the king’s son: 31 July 1485, ASMi, SPE, Napoli, 245. First baron of the Regno; consigns his principal fortress to Federico d’Aragona, Ferrante’s son: 9 Aug 1485, G Lanfredini, Copialettere, BNF, II, V, 18, 39. His secretary is in Rome: 9 Sept 1485, ASMi, SPE, Roma, 98. As part of the proposed accord, the barons suggest a marriage between D and Ferrante’s daughter Lucrezia: 24 Sept 1485, ASMi, SPE, Napoli, 246. Signatory to the baronial league of l’Aquedonia: 11 Sept 1486, Sig, X, VIII, 77, 235.

Bibliog: DBI, 36, 315-17

 

Del Benino, Piero di Niccolò d’Andrea

Career: Sea consul, Sept 1447-Sept 1448. Captain of Pisa, 1458, also exercising functions of podestà, 1458-9. Member of the second half of the Council of 70, 1480. One of the 12 Procuratori, Apr-Oct 1482, Apr-Oct 1483, Apr-Oct 1484. A Piero del Benino was one of the Dieci di Libertà a Pace in 1495. 1480 Catasto: sostanze 4,756 fl. Commissioned frescoes for his house from Neri di Bicci in 1456.

 

Del Caccia, Agnolo

Refs: ‘Agnolo di Firenze’ was with Giovan Francesco di Sanseverino in Siena in May 1482, sending funds to get him and his troops to Lombardy: ASV, Dieci, Carte di B Soranzo, III, iii, 30. Will speak on behalf of Venetian condottieri who are negotiating to come over to the League: J Guicciardini in Ferrara to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 6 May 1483, MAP, 48, 317. Jacopo Guicciardini does not think it credible that D is negotiating on behalf of the sons of Roberto di Sanseverino without Roberto’s knowledge: J Guicciardini to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 25 May 1483, MAP, 48, 303. His goods were seized by the count of Modrus in Croatia: 4 Mar 1485, Acq e Doni, 352. The Dieci told Giovanni Lanfredini to persuade Ferrante to write to the count of Modrus on D’s behalf and on that of Antonio dall’Antella: 21 Mar 1485, Dieci, Resp, 30, 522. Sent by Giovan Francesco di Sanseverino to Milan, Apr 1486: AGF, LC, V, 303. The Dieci thank him for his report: 2 June 1486, Dieci, Miss, 7, 47-8.

 

Del Castellano, Andrea

Ref: Faction leader in Forlì: Lettere, V 28.

 

De Lege, Giovanni (Da Lezze)

Career: Venetian patrician; orator in Rome, 14--. Involved in a case of passing state secrets to Galeotto Pico; exiled to Retino for life by the Council of Ten.

Refs: Savio di Terraferma; opposed to over hasty negotiation, without full Senate authority, of the condotta with Amoratto Torelli, to help Pier Maria de’ Rossi; his proposal received sixty votes and held up the decision for three days: ASV, Sen Secr, 30, 71, 19 Apr 1482. Opposed negotiations with Giovanni Lanfredini: ASV, Sen Secr, 31, 14, 3 May 1483. Pushed through additional help for Guido de’ Rossi: ASV, Sen Secr 30, 31, 16, 3 May 1483. Venetian ambassador to Roberto di Sanseverino: ASV, Sen Secr, 32, 139, 5 Apr 1485.

 

Del Giudice, Boffilo

Career: A prominent Neapolitan at the French court.

Refs: D, the captain of Castro, is not well looked on at the moment because he tried to make the castellan of Perpignan lieutenant without permission: F Gaddi at the French court to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 18 Sept 1481, Sig, X, VIII, 75, 54-5. Via Francesco Gaddi, D offers Lorenzo his service as a brother: B del Giudice at Thouars to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 20 Feb 1482, MAP, 45, 3. Is back in favour: F Gaddi to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 22 Feb 1482, Sig, X, VIII, 75, 65-6. Has gone to England on some commission, but Gaddi suspects it is just a device by certain people at court to get rid of him: F Gaddi to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 18 Mar 1482, MAP, 38, 115.

 

Della Cava, Ferrando (Ferrando Quantano?)

Refs: Credentials for ‘nostro familiare’, the noble Ferrando Quantano [probably D]: Ferrante to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 21 Mar 1482, MAP, 45, 87. D is in Milan about the Rossi affair, but his principal mission concerns Ascanio Sforza: B Rucellai in Milan to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 9 Apr 1482, MAP, 51, 112. Ludovico Sforza told Bernardo Rucellai why D had come; to congratulate Ludovico on his control of the Milanese government and to offer Ferrante’s help to maintain his position; to complain about Milan’s threat to take Florence into a league with Venice if the giudizio over the Florentine towns was not issued; to ask that Ascanio be given a provisione of 12,000 ducats and that Gaspare Toscano be allowed to return home; to offer Ferrante’s help in settling the Rossi affair: B Rucellai to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 12 Apr 1482, MAP, 51, 118. Apparently, D had a mandate to negotiate with the Rossi: Otto to B Rucellai, 18 Apr 1482, Min, 12, 215-16.

 

Della Gherardesca, Ugo

Ref: Sought to export grain: Lorenzo de’ Medici to F Cambini in Pisa, 26 Jan 1486, Lettere, IX, 346.

 

Della Lionessa, Fabrizio

Ref: Offers to serve Lorenzo with a substantial number of men: 6-8 Nov 1484, G Lanfredini, Copialettere, BNF, II, V, 15, 171.

 

Della Luna, Pandolfo

Refs: Deputed by Matteo da Forlì to collect a tax on the Florentine clergy for the fleet; ‘ religioso, da bene et di buona forma’: Otto to G A Vespucci, 24 Jan 1484, Otto, LC, 2, 5. Is collecting the clerical tax efficiently and discreetly: Otto to G A Vespucci, 1 Apr 1484, Otto, LC, 2, 23-4. Innocent renews D’s authority to collect the decima: 27 Sept 1484, Arch Vat, Arm 39, 18, 35. Apostolic tax collector for whom the Dieci request Innocent to specify a salary: 16 Mar 1485, Dieci, Resp, 30, 488. Has not allowed the spedalingo of Cortona to remain even though, in the past, at Lorenzo’s request, D ‘fece gratia’ to the spedale and Cortona wants this done again; Lorenzo hands the matter to Niccolò Michelozzi: Lorenzo de’ Medici to N Michelozzi, 16 Sept 1485, Lettere, VIII, 282.

 

Della Rovere, Bartolomeo 1447-1494

Career: Son of Raffaele della Rovere and Teodora Manirolo; brother of Giovanni and Cardinal Giuliano della Rovere. Bishop of Massa, 1472-4; bishop of Ferrara, 1474-94.

Refs: Brother of Giuliano della Rovere: 31 Aug 1484, MAP, 39, 307. Will be castellan of Castel S Angelo: 2/3 Sept 1484, MAP, 39, 322.

 

Della Rovere, Domenico, cardinal 1442-1501

Career: Son of Giovanni della Rovere, lord of Vinovo in Piedmont; claimed as a distant kinsman by Sixtus IV, who first raised D’s brother, Cristoforo, to the cardinalate, and then replaced him with D when Cristoforo died a few weeks later. Cardinal 1478; bishop of Tarantaise, 1479-82; bishop of Turin, 1482-1501.

Ref: With Cardinals Cosimo Orsini and Girolamo Basso della Rovere, accompanied Sixtus to Bracciano in Sept 1481: Milanese orators at Rome to G G Sforza, 12 Sept 1481, ASMi, SPE, Roma, 90. Is on his way to Piedmont [as legate]; Florence should be careful to pay him great honour because he is much loved by Sixtus: G A Vespucci in Rome to the Dieci, 13 June 1483, Dieci, Resp, 28, 27. One of Innocent’s main supporters, on whom the pope conferred the church of S Stefano: 9 Sept 1484, MAP, 39, 319. Giuliano della Rovere and Pope Innocent are diffident about taking S Stefano in Pace from D; Innocent considers him a loyal servant: 11 Sept 1484, MAP, 39, 323. Ascanio Sforza persuades D to cede S Stefano in Pace to Lorenzo for Giovanni de’ Medici: 16 Sept 1484, MAP, 39, 329.

Bibliog: DBI, 37, 334-7

 

Della Rovere, Giovanni 1457-1501

Career: Son of Raffaele della Rovere and Teodora Manirolo; brother of Bartolomeo and Giuliano della Rovere; m Giovanna, daughter of Federico da Montefeltro. As a condottiere he first fought for the Church in 1467. Made Prefect of Rome by his kinsman Sixtus IV in 1474. Following that pope’s death he fought for Venice, France and Florence.

Refs: Girolamo Riario says D is indifferent about the condotta being negotiated for him with Siena: S Ottieri and L Lanti in Rome to the Signoria of Siena, 10 May 1482, ASS, Conc, 2047, 83. Siena would like to hire lanze spezzate rather than D to replace Antonio da Montefeltro: Balia of Siena to L Lanti, 8 Sept 1482, ASS, Balia, 403, 36-7. Sixtus and Giuliano della Rovere are again enquiring about a condotta for D: L Lanti to the Balia of Siena, 19 Sept 1482, ASS, Balia, 505, 81. Sixtus is again asking about a condotta for D from Siena; the pope is very keen that D should have the title of Captain: L Lanti to the Signoria of Siena, 8 Oct 1482, ASS, Conc, 2050, 5. Has been given a condotta by Siena: F Gaddi to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 10 Oct 1482, Sig, X, VIII, 63, 167. His troops left the papal camp for Sinigaglia: F Gaddi to P Capponi, 14 Nov 1482, Sig, X, VIII, 63, 179-81. Florence has refused a papal request to contribute to D’s condotta: Dieci to G A Vespucci, 5 July 1483, Dieci, LC, 5, 404-8. His 100 men-at-arms will remain in the Romagna: list of papal troops, 22 July 1483, Dieci, Resp, 28, 300. Alfonso d’Aragona orders D to the Ferrarese with eight squadrons: E d’Este to Antonio da Montecatini, 10 Sept 1483, ASMo, ASE, ambasciatori, Firenze, 3. Arrived in Ferrara: P Alamanni in Ferrara to the Dieci, 21 Oct 1483, Dieci, Resp, 29, 244. Girolamo Riario says D has been given a prestanza of 4,000 ducats: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’E ste, 27 Mar 1484, ASMo, cit. Prefect of Rome under Sixtus: 30 Aug 1484, MAP, 39, 306. His captaincy opposed by Cardinals Sforza, Borgia, Orsini, Aragona and Sclafenati: 2 Nov 1484, ASMi, SPE, Roma, 96. Cardinals Savelli and Colonna back his captaincy: 5 Nov 1484, ASMi, cit. Giuliano della Rovere is trying to get him made Captain of the Church; the Neapolitans are backing this: 12 Nov 1484, G Lanfredini, Copialettere, BNF, II, V, 15, 173. Agostino Fregoso lodged in his house: 13 Jan 1485, MAP, 39, 61. Is keen to hire his cognato Agostino Fregoso for the Church: 15 Jan 1485, Dieci, Resp, 30, 155. By the terms of the deal between Milan and Naples D will be hired by Ferrante: 19 Jan 1485, Dieci, Resp, 30, 194.

 

Della Rovere, Giuliano, cardinal 1443-1513

Career: Son of Raffaele della Rovere and Teodora Manirolo; brother of Bartolomeo and Giovanni della Rovere. Cardinal, 1471; Pope Julius II, 1503-13. The objectives of his French legation in 1480-2 included the negotiation of peace between Louis XI and Maximilian von Habsburg, and the release of Cardinal Balue and Bishop d’H arancourt.

Refs: D, who is going as legate to France, is expected in Milan on 6July and will stay for two days: P F Pandolfini in Milan to the Otto, 3 July 1480, Otto, Resp, 1, 28. Arrived this morning, ‘molto honorato’, and is staying until Monday; a meeting between the duke and the cardinal is planned for 8 July: P F Pandolfini to the Otto, 7 July 1480, Sig, X, VIII, 10, 260-1. D, the legate, was awaiting ‘la conclusione si farà di qua [in France] della pratica si tiene di fare l’appuntamento co’ fiamminghi e aspecta da Roma la bolla della concessione generale di potersi mangiare burro e latticini per tutto il Reame di Francia e cosi le bolle delle decime’; as soon as that was done, he would leave, as he was very anxious to do; Louis XI was going to meet the English ambassador and named ‘auditors’ to talk to the Flemings: F Gaddi at Tours to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 8 Apr 1481, MAP, 38, 132. Louis became angry with D because his lieutenant in Avignon frightened ‘Johan de Vals’, brother of the bishop of Marseille, into fleeing back to Provence when the nephew of King René wanted to get hold of him (Jean had been in René’s service) and the bishop had told Louis that Jean had much information to give him; so Louis wanted Jean to come to Tours: F Gaddi to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 12 Apr 1481, MAP, 38, 133. Louis was very angry about this and warned D that if he did not get ‘Jean di Viels’ back, Louis would declare a reprisal against the men of Avignon: F Gaddi to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 13 Apr 1481, MAP, 38, 140. D is waiting for the conclusion of the pratica ‘si tiene di fare l’appuntamento co’ fiamminghi: F Gaddi to Lorenzo de’ Medici, ------. The Flemish ambassadors left, intending to arrange a truce for three years between Louis and Maximilian; Louis is very displeased with D and the men of Avignon because he feels they have supported the count of Provence in a disagreement over some Provencal matters, and he will not speak to D; Louis seems to want to deal directly with Rome; D will leave Lyon on Saturday for Avignon and Rome (by sea to Genoa): F Gaddi at Lyon to the Otto, 22 May 1481, Otto, Resp, 1, 257. A long report on the reasons for the disagreement between Louis and D: M Trotti at Barletta to G G Sforza, 4 June 1481, ASMi, SPE, Napoli, 233. Antonio da Montecatini outlines the causes of the dispute between Louis and D: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 13 June 1481, ASMo, ASE, ambasciatori, Firenze, 2. D has left France ‘con male satisfactione’ because Louis asked him to do certain things which he refused, at which Louis was so indignant that he refused D an audience on his departure; Louis says he will go to Girolamo Riario whenever he needs something: T Ridolfi in Milan to the Otto, 20 June 1481, Otto, Resp, 1, 352-3.

News that D intends to return from Provence by land because there was a mutiny on the galley sent to fetch him: Milanese orators in Rome to G G Sforza, 10 Aug 1481, ASMi, SPE, Roma, 89. D asks what he should do with a ‘Mons Teutavilla’ [d’E stouteville?], a leader of the troop which entered Provence and were then broken up by the French; D had treated ‘Teutavilla’ well until he found that he was planning to take over Avignon and then arrested him: F Gaddi at Tours to the Otto, 17 Aug 1481, Otto, Resp, 1, 422. ‘Teutavilla’ is a ‘capitano di ventura’ with 300 men: T Ridolfi in Milan to the Otto, 29 Aug 1481, Otto, Resp, 1, 429-30. The trouble in Provence is over and the breach between Louis and D has been healed: F Gaddi to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 4 Sept 1481, Sig, X, VIII, 75, 53-4. Louis has presented various requests via Cardinal Hugonet, which has irritated Sixtus because this bypasses Girolamo Riario as well as D, with whom the king is known to be on bad terms: T Ridolfi to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 4 Sept 1481, Otto, Resp, 1, 435-7. D is still at Avignon: T Ridolfi to the Otto, 29 Sept 1481, Otto, Resp, 1, 469-70. Apparently, D is afraid to cross Provence to meet the galleys that have come to fetch him; he asked Charles of Anjou to let the galleys come to Avignon, but Charles refused and D would not trust Charles’ offer of one of his own ships; Charles is annoyed at the seizure of one of his ships by papal galleys (as he claims) and at the execution in Avignon of those who conspired against the legate; Sixtus is very annoyed and is threatening to place Provence under an interdict: T Ridolfi to the Otto, 3 Oct 1481, Otto, Resp, 2, 2 and 4 and 5. D has asked Louis for a safeconduct to go to Aigues-Mortes to take ship for Rome, as he fears to go through Provence; although Louis had not replied to several of the legate’s earlier letters, he graciously gave permission, and D responded by releasing the leader of those who had planned the coup against him: F Gaddi at Tours to the Otto, 12 Oct 1481, Otto, Resp, 2, 18. News from France that Louis has guaranteed D’s security whether he stays or goes to Rome: T Ridolfi to the Otto, 27 Oct 1481, Otto, Resp, 2, 31-2. D has written that all is now peaceful between himself, King Louis and Charles of Anjou: T Ridolfi to the Otto, 4 Nov 1481, Otto, Resp, 2, 38-9. The rows in Provence have died down; D, at the king’s request, spared the men he had imprisoned and is now restored to favour: F Gaddi at Tours to the Otto, 11 Nov 1481, Otto, Resp, 2, 44.

D’s arrival at Pisa is imminent [Lorenzo went to Pisa to meet him]: Otto to the vicars of Vicopisano and Lari, 7 Jan 1482, Otto, Miss int, 2, 36. Piero Minerbetti and Agnolo Niccolini appointed as orators to meet D and Cardinal Balue on their way to Rome from France, via Pisa and Florence: 9 Jan 1484, Sig, LC, 37. Lorenzo should talk to D about the French decime [Perhaps Lorenzo was to collect a repayment of a papal debt? Perhaps this is why Lorenzo was so anxious to go to Pisa to meet D]: G Tornabuoni in Rome to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 10 Jan 1482, MAP, 38, 172. Sixtus and D have offered Louis XI a decima, of which he can have a share: F Gaddi to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 11 Jan 1482, MAP, 38, 75. Arrived at Pisa on 14 Jan in the company of Cardinal Balue; they were met by Minerbetti and Niccolini and lodged in the abbey of S Paolo a ripa d’Arno; Lorenzo was also at Pisa to visit them; D wanted to come to Florence for a few days: P Minerbetti and A Niccolini to the Otto, 15 Jan 1482, Otto, Resp, 2, 182. Sixtus is very pleased at the reception given to D in Pisa and Florence and is very much looking forward to seeing him in Rome; it is said that D may well take over partially from Girolamo Riario, which would be good for Florence: G Tornabuoni to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 29 Jan 1482, MAP, 38, 83. D and his brother Giovanni are invited to approach Sixtus with the offer of sharing in Federico da Montefeltro’s condotta with Naples and the League: P F Pandolfini to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 8 Feb 1482, MAP, 51, 31. D as an anti-war figure in Rome: Lorenzo de’ Medici to P F Pandolfini in Naples, 11 Feb [1482], Lettere, VII, 261. Anello Arcamone reports that D is very well disposed towards the League and hopes to preserve peace: P F Pandolfini to the Otto, 13 Feb 1482, MAP, 51, 22. Via Giovanni Tornabuoni, D makes a request regarding a Savonese grain ship seized in Pisa: G Tornabuoni to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 16 Feb 1482, MAP, 73, 384. In Rome, the only real supporter of peace is D, who is not without influence: G Tornabuoni to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 18 Feb 1482, MAP, 38, 94. Lorenzo wrote to D via Tornabuoni, with whom the cardinal discussed various issues; D was very pleased by what Lorenzo wrote about Niccolò Vitelli: G Tornabuoni to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 26 Feb 1482, MAP, 38, 100. D wants the benefice of Cristoforo Bordini, bishop of Cortona, restored to him; it would pay to satisfy him and increase D’s prestige as he is very friendly towards Florence and particularly to Guidantonio Vespucci: G A Vespucci in Rome to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 15 Mar 1482, MAP, 38, 113. D has reminded Vespucci about the bishop of Cortona and the Savonese ship that was taken; Lorenzo should do his best to please D: G A Vespucci to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 21 Mar 1482, MAP, 38, 117. D was among those informed by Lorenzo of the death of Lucrezia Tornabuoni, 25 Mar 1482: Prot, 187-8. Vespucci told D how much Lorenzo and the city of Florence depended on him; if so, he replied, why had Florence not done what he asked (release the Pazzi) when he was there; Vespucci assumed there were good reasons of state etc: G A Vespucci to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 17 Apr 1482, MAP, 38, 435.

D told the Sienese ambassador of a discussion in consistory regarding the disputed towns: Sienese ambassadors in Rome, 22 May 1482, ------. Has been negotiating with Ercole d’Este and Federico da Montefeltro: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 12 June 1482, ASMo, ASE, ambasciatori, Firenze, 3; Otto to Federico da Montefeltro, 12 June 1482, Min, 12, 317. Andrea Bragadin has been carrying letters from Venice to D: Otto to B Rucellai, 13 June 1482, Min, 12, 323-4. Wants his brother Giovanni’s condotta with Siena to go ahead, although Sixus has spoken of deferring it: S Ottieri and L Lanti in Rome to the Signoria of Siena, 15 June 1482, ASS, Conc, 2048, 55. Pleased by news of Cardinal Piccolomini’s arbitration of Sienese affairs: S Ottieri and L Lanti to the Signoria of Siena, 30 June 1482, ASS, Conc, 2048, 98. Florentine confidence in negotiations via D: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 4 Aug 1482, ASMo, cit. Sent two sets of replies; neither appeared very honourable to Ercole d’Este: E d’E ste to Antonio da Montecatini, 5 Aug 1482, ASMo, cit. Says Sixtus is more ready than before to make peace, because he now feels that he can negotiate from strength: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 30 Aug 1482, ASMo, cit. An envoy of D passed through Florence on his way to Urbino for peace negotiations: Z Saggi in Milan to Federico Gonzaga, 4 Sept 1482, ASMa, AG, 1627. Has again enquired about a condotta with Siena for his brother Giovanni: L Lanti in Rome to the Balia of Siena, 19 Sept 1482, ASS, Balia, 505, 81. Before Federico da Montefeltro died, D’s envoy got as far as Bologna, bearing papal authorisation for Federico to negotiate: Z Saggi to F Gonzaga, 25 Sept 1482, ASMa, cit. Has gone to a castello on the Neapolitan border; it is thought this must be for peace talks; it is too insignificant for him to have gone just to defend it: Z Saggi to F Gonzaga, 25 Oct 1482, ASMa, cit. Has told Ottaviano Ubaldini that Sixtus is willing to continue the pratica begun by Federico da Montefeltro: B Castiglioni to G G Sforza, 29 Oct 1482, ASMi, SPE, Napoli, 240. One of the seven cardinals appointed by Sixtus to work out peace terms with the Spanish ambassadors: Cardinal Gonzaga to F Gonzaga, 30 Oct 1482, ASMa, AG, 846. One of six cardinals so appointed: L Lanti to the Balia of Siena, 5 Nov 1482, ASS, Balia, 506, 34. One of six cardinals appointed by Sixtus to consider peace terms: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 7 Nov 1482, ASMo, cit. D and Cardinal Piccolomini have heard nothing of offers that the Venetian ambassador is said to have made to Sixtus and Girolamo Riario: L Lanti to the Balia of Siena, 16 Nov 1482, ASS, Balia, 506, 46. Instructed by Sixtus to write to Giovanni Bentivoglio ordering him to support Ferrara: Milanese ambassador in Florence to Antonio da Montecatini, 20 Nov 1482, ASMo, cit. Has sent a scudiere to assure Bentivoglio and Ercole d’Este of Sixtus’s goodwill towards the latter: G Bentivoglio to E d’Este, 23 Nov 1482, Dallari, 295. Has written to Ercole to say that Sixtus has reached an agreement with Ferrante: 25 Nov 1482, Caleffini, 33. Had told Ercole that Sixtus had decided to send him as legate to Ferrara after the conclusion of peace: G G Sforza to B Castiglioni, 16 Dec 1482, ASMi, SPE, Napoli, 241. Excluded from the final peace negotiations; reproached Girolamo Riario for not having recovered Terracina in the peace terms: L Lanti to the Balia of Siena, 27 Dec 1482, ASS, Balia, 506, 95. Is now very friendly with Francesco Gaddi: F Gaddi in Rome to N Michelozzi, 26 Apr 1483, MAP, 96, 134. Cardinal Gonzaga and Alfonso d’Aragona say D has an understanding with the Venetian cardinals: J Guicciardini in Ferrara to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 5 July 1483, MAP, 48, 327. Has grabbed the priorato of Volterra, anticipating the death of Niccolò Pandolfini, bishop of Pistoia, who is now recovering: Dieci to G A Vespucci, 5 July 1483, Dieci, LC, 5, 404-8. Has secured a tax exemption for his Florentine benefices; the Florentines are not pleased by this loss of support for the fleet: Dieci to G A Vespucci, 17 Sept 1483, Dieci, LC, 5, 430-1.

Made Francesco Gaddi a Palatine count: ------, Acq e Doni, 213, 90. Leader of one of the two parties in the College of Cardinals during the papal interregnum, the other being Rodrigo Borgia: 15 Aug 1484, MAP, 39, 286. D and his group stand on two principles: they will not attend Sixtus’ funeral unless Castel S Angelo is put into the hands of the College; the conclave should not take place in the palace unless this has been done; in the first scrutiny he had the backing of Cardinals Cibo, Savelli and Colonna: 21 Aug 1484, MAP, 39, 292. Cardinals d’Aragona and Sforza arranged a deal between D, Riario-Sansoni and the Orsini; has resigned the legations of Bologna and Avignon, plus some abbeys in order to secure Cibo’s election; D is the real pope: 29 Aug 1484, MAP, 39, 302a. Worked to bring Cardinal Riario-Sansoni and the Orsini with the Colonna behind Cibo’s candidacy; this persuaded Ascanio Sforza to back Cibo too: 29 Aug 1484, Dieci, Resp, 32, 93. Was responsible for the election of Cibo: 30 Aug 1484, MAP, 39, 306. Lorenzo should write to congratulate D, seeing how powerful he is; he is also the only obstacle in the Fontdeuce affair: G A Vespucci to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 31 Aug 1484, MAP, 39, 307. In the conclave D joined forces with Cardinals d’Aragona and Sforza to block the Venetian candidacy: 31 Aug 1484, G Lanfredini, Copialettere, BNF, II, V, 15, 128. His plot to kill Girolamo Riario: 2/3 Sept 1484, MAP, 39, 322. Ascanio Sforza stresses D’s power over Innocent: 4 Sept 1484, MAP, 48, 37. Giovan Francesco Franciotti of Lucca, from whom Innocent took the depositary generalship, is D’s cognato; it shows that the agreement between Innocent and D is ephemeral: 6 Sept 1484, MAP, 39, 311. Wants someone else to overthrow the stato of Girolamo Riario: 7 Sept 1484, MAP, 39, 313. His total control of papal government: 9 Sept 1484, MAP, 55, 39. Lorenzo should make a fuss of D: G A Vespucci to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 9 Sept 1484, MAP, 39, 320. D’ s support for Cardinal Balue: 13 Sept 1484, MAP, 39, 325. Told Guidantonio Vespucci that Innocent would be delighted if Girolamo Riario were ejected from his signoria: 25 Sept 1484, MAP, 39, 333. If Ascanio Sforza succeeded in getting Riario made captain-general of the Church, it would be a great insult to D as he wants his brother Giovanni made Captain: 12 Nov 1484, G Lanfredini, Copialettere, BNF, II, V, 15, 173. D and Innocent press Jacopo Conti hard to come to serve the Church: 13 Dec 1484, MAP, 39, 401. Together with Cardinal Savelli and Guidantonio Vespucci, D plots to overthrow Riario: 14 Dec 1484, MAP, 39, 403. Lorenzo sends the Florentine ambassador to D to learn Innocent’s mind regarding Riario, and to learn how he should behave towards the exiles of Forlì and Imola: 24 Nov 1484, ASMi, SPE, Roma, 96. Innocent owes D much, so is giving the bishopric of Luni to a relative of his, Tommaso de Benedictis: 30 Dec 1484, MAP, 39, 417.

Recommends Ambrogio and Luigi da Savona to Lorenzo because they have had fardelli of silk seized at Faenza; they have been good to Florence in the past: 12 Jan 1485, MAP, 39, 60. Is on a papal commission to make preparations against the Turk: 2 Feb 1485, Dieci, Resp, 30, 316. Plots to return the Sienese exiles to Siena: 16 Apr 1485, Otto, Miss, 3, 128-9. Lorenzo is unsure what D’s pratica means: Lorenzo de’ Medici to N Michelozzi, 17 Apr 1485, Lettere, VIII, 164. Costantino, son of Scanderbeg and cognato of Bartolomeo Giubba, a nipote of Giuliano, has been arrested for trying to recover by force a castello belonging to his cognato but in papal hands; there are strong rumours in Rome, for it is felt he would not have acted without D’s consent: 17 Apr 1485, Dieci, Resp, 34, 30. Guidantonio Vespucci thinks that Genoese affairs could be so important to D and to Ascanio Sforza that they might back a venture of Roberto di Sanseverino: 17 Apr 1485, Dieci, Resp, 34, 32. Told Sienese exiles that Innocent will not allow the Orsini to be used against Siena as he does not trust them; the answer is to use Roberto di Sanseverino: 22 Apr 1485, Dieci, Resp, 34, 52. Told Vespucci that Florence’s differences with Genoa are the cause of enemies like Girolamo Riario getting ambitious ideas: 22 Apr 1485, Dieci, Resp, 34, 53. Lelio, Roberto di Sanseverino’s secretary, was in Rome for a night and a day and spoke only to D: Dieci, 22 Apr 1485, Resp, 34, 54. Conflict with Florence over church of Trevigi which D wants to give to his maestro di casa; D’s struggle against Innocent’s relatives, especially Franceschetto Cibo: 23 Apr 1485, MAP, 48, 6. During Innocent’s illness D held the segnatura, Castel S Angelo and the troops: 14 May 1485, MAP, 26, 376. His enmity with Virginio Orsini will make it difficult for Lorenzo to remain a friend to both of them: 14 May 1485, MAP, 26, 376. The Otto inform D of the return to Rome of Giovanni Niccolini: 17 Sept 1485, Otto, Miss, 4, 64. Bishop Pandolfini is his creatura: 7 Nov 1485, ASMi, SPE, Napoli, 246.

Spoleto is hostile to D and friendly to the Orsini: 22 Feb 1486, Dieci, Resp, 33, 387. D refuses to make Federico di Sanseverino a cardinal: 12 Mar 1486, Dieci, Resp, 33, 520. Offers five Romans 500 ducats to kill Cardinal Giovanni Battista Orsini: 14 Mar 1486, Dieci, Miss, 6, 31-2. His plot with Cardinal Colonna against Cardinal Orsini: Lorenzo de’ Medici to J Guicciardini, 16 Mar 1486, Lettere, IX, 204-5. Urges Gian Luigi Fieschi to enter Genoa ‘con dimonstratione di benivolentia verso la Santita del Papa’: 28 Apr 1486, MAP, 39, 471. D’s new peace plan; he is a deadly enemy of the Orsini: Lorenzo de’ Medici to J Guicciardini, 28 June 1486, Lettere, IX, 348-9. Florence’s fears that the Adorni will make a deal with Paolo Fregoso via D: 29 July 1486, Dieci, Miss, 6, 69. Alfonso d’Aragona wants D entrusted with the peace negotiations for, otherwise, Innocent will not make peace: 31 July 1486, MAP, 48, 354.

Bibliog: DBI, 57, 17-26; C Shaw, Julius II: the warrior pope, Oxford, 1993

 

Della Sala, Alberto

Ref: Ferrarese ambassador in Naples, 1482: Lettere, VII, 104.

 

Della Sassetta, Jacopo

Refs: Reckoned to have forty men-at-arms, separate from those of Marco Pio: F Sacramoro to Bona and G G Sforza, 4 June 1480, ASMi, SPE, Firenze, 299. He and his company were among the troops Florence hastily prepared to defend Pesaro: Otto to P F Pandolfini, 8 June 1480, Sig, X, VIII, 10, 232-4; Sig, Miss 1a Canc, 48, 74-5 and 68; Otto, LC, 1, 25-6. By the terms of his condotta, he receives 4,000 ducats from Florence: F Sacramoro to Bona and G G Sforza, 10 June 1480, ASMi, cit. One of the leaders of Marco Pio’s company sent to the Lunigiana in Aug to defend Florentine subjects from the Fregosi and the men of Sarzana; he was one of the leaders of this company, who wanted to take Sarzana ‘by force’, but were refused permission by Florence: Otto to the Consoli del Mare, 16 Sept 1480, Otto, Miss int, 1, 56-7. In spite of the protest of Giovanni Aldobrandini, captain of Sarzanello, D and his troops were transferred to Fivizzano: G Aldobrandini to the Otto, 2 and 6 Jan 1481, Otto, Resp, 1, 76 and 73.

 

Della Stufa, Agnolo

Career: Camerlengo generale e delle gabelle di Pisa, Sept 1443-Mar 1444. One of five governors of the city and citadel of Pisa, Sept 1459-Sept 1460. Renounced galley captaincy, 1466. Ambassador in Milan, Apr-Oct 1470. Gonfalonier of Justice, Jan/Feb 1471. Accoppiatore and member of the Balia, 1471. One of the six Florentine ambassadors sent to congratulate Sixtus IV in 1471. Ambassador in Milan, Apr-Aug 1475. Podestà of Pisa, Aug-Oct 1479; sacked by the Otto. Member of the Dieci di Balia, 1479-83 (at least). Member of the first half of the Council of 70, 1480. Member of the Otto di Pratica, Apr-Oct 1480.

Ref: Described as the weakest of the Otto and the easiest from whom to extract information: Antonio da Montecatini to E d'Este, 29 June 1480, ASMo, ASE, ambasciatori, Firenze, 2.

Bibliog: Cerioni, I, 237

 

Della Stufa, Luigi d’Agnolo 1453-1534

Career: Son of Margherita Ridolfi; m Guglielmina Tarlati; father of Princivalle della Stufa, one of the most ardent of early sixteenth-century Mediceans. His own proximity to the Medici influenced the course of his political and diplomatic career, which included an embassy to the sultan of Egypt in 1488 to promote trade relations. Florentine ambassador to Louis XII at Milan in 1502. Ambassador to Rome, 1513, to congratulate Leo X on his election.

Ref: Among those who accompanied Lorenzo to Cafaggiuolo for his meeting with Galeotto Manfredi: 7 Feb 1483, ASMa, AG, 2189. Lorenzo says ‘vorrebbe che quello grano da Luigi dela Stufa cavato del calcione ne ritornasse deinde per forza ne fu cavato’: T Biringhucci in Florence to the Balia of Siena, 5 Apr 1484, ASS, Balia, 518, 10. Lorenzo asks cathedral chapter of Arezzo to concede the lease of their property in Valdichiana to D with same terms as Roberto Lioni had held it: Lorenzo de’ Medici to the canons of Arezzo, 8 Aug 1486, Lettere, IX, 398.

Bibliog: DBI, 37, 502-5

 

Della Stufa, Niccolò di Giovanni

Ref: Commissioner to Livorno: 19 Oct 1485, Dieci, Delib, 24, 129.

 

Della Stufa, Sigismondo d’Angelo Gismondo

Career: Captain of the new citadel, Pisa, from May 1483. Podestà of Pisa, June-Dec 1486[?]. Provveditore generale of Pisa, Sept 1481-Sept 1482. Captain of Castrocaro, 1483.

Refs: Writes about the confusion in the Pisan dogana: S della Stufa in Pisa to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 13 Sept 1481, MAP, 38, 322. Captain of Castrocaro; Galeotto Manfredi discussed with him fears about the intentions of Sixtus and Girolamo Riario: S della Stufa to the Dieci, 17 Jan 1483, Dieci, Resp, 26, 49. Robbed by his servant Bernardino Tedesco: 15 May 1486, Dieci, Miss, 7, 26. Appeals to Lorenzo regarding the financial crisis of the Florentine Studio: 26 May 1486, MAP, 39, 518.

 

Della Torre, Antonio

Ref: Sent secretly by Bona Sforza to Louis XI; arrested: M Trotti to G G Sforza, 7 Oct 1481, ASMi, SPE, Napoli, 234.

 

Della Torre, Stefano

Ref: The Medici family doctor consulted by Lorenzo regarding the illness of his sister Nannina: Lorenzo de’ Medici to N Michelozzi, 31 Mar 1485, Lettere, VIII, 154.

 

Della Valle, Antonio di Giovanni b. c. 1452

Career: Secretary in the chancellary. 1480 Catasto: sostanze 1,035 fl.

Ref: Notary to the Dieci di Balia and one of the notaries who drew up the capitoli regarding Pietrasanta, 27 Nov 1484, Lettere, VIII, 327.

 

Della Vecchia, Giovanni

Refs: Unsuccessfully defended Monte Misano against enemy troops: Otto to T Ridolfi in the camp, 13 July 1482, Min, 12, 393-4. With eighty provisionati sent by Florence to command the Sienese: Dieci to the Balia of Siena, 10 Aug 1483, ASS, Balia, 513, 52. Soldier for Florence in the Pietrasanta campaign: 25 Oct 1484, Dieci, Resp, 32, 350. Infantry constable sent to guard Volterra: 4 Dec 1484, Dieci, Delib, 24, 69. Francesco Spinola wants him instead of Pier Andrea Corso for the Genoa impresa: 14 Jan 1485, Dieci, Resp, 30, 146.

 

Delle Colombe, Michele di Corso

Career: An oil merchant and prominent minor guildsman. Prior, July-Aug 1470. Elected as one of the first forty of the Balia of 1471. In 1480 he was again one of the first thirty, being the only minor guildsman selected in S Spirito. One of the 12 Procuratori, Apr-Oct 1480, Apr-Oct 1481. Member of the Dieci di Balia, 1483-4(?). Accoppiatore, 1494. 1480 Catasto: sostanze 2,662 fl.

Ref: In the consulta, agreed with Lorenzo: 29 May 1482, Min, 12, 365-7. Member of the Dieci di Balia in 1483, his colleagues including Antonio Ridolfi, Pier Filippo Pandolfini and Antonio di Bernardo di Miniato: Lettere, VII, 297. One of the Otto named in the opening of the capitoli regarding Pietrasanta, 27 Nov 1484, Lettere, VIII, 319.

 

Del Nero, Bernardo di Nero di Filippo 1426-1497

Career: Sea consul, Dec 1465-Dec 1466. Original member of the Balia as a minor guildsman, but among the first thirty of the Council of 70 as a major guildsman, 1471. Accoppiatore, 1476, 1491, 1494. Member of the Otto di Pratica, Oct 1480-Apr 1481. Member of Otto di Custodia, July-Oct 1481. One of the 12 Procuratori, Oct 1481-Apr 1482, Apr-Oct 1483, Apr-Oct 1484. War commissary at Pisa (the captain having been removed), Mar 1482. In Pisa again in 1483, organising the Florentine army for Sarzana. After the fall of the Medici, was an enemy of the popular party and therefore claimed by both the Arrabbiati and the Palleschi. Succeeded Francesco Valori as Gonfalonier of Justice in Mar 1497. In that capacity his opposition to the return of Piero de’ Medici was perhaps a show to divert suspicion from himself after the inevitable failure of what he considered an ill-timed coup. Although probably not a Medicean conspirator, he was executed for this on 23 Aug 1497 on the suspicion of Valori. Regarded by Marsilio Ficino as the Platonic ideal citizen. Vespasiano da Bisticci dedicated his life of Gianozzo Manetti to him. 1480 Catasto: sostanze 704 fl.

Refs: Said to be among those leading Mediceans who knew about a deal with Sixtus to give a joint condotta to Federico da Montefeltro: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 24 Feb 1481, ASMo, ASE, ambasciatori, Firenze, 2. Named as special commissary in Pisa for six months: 18 Mar 1482, Sig, LC, 21, 39. Instructed to send a brigantine out to try to capture Andrea Bragadin, who was making for Genoa: Otto to B del Nero in Pisa, 22 June 1482, Otto, Miss, 3, 8. Instructed to ask the captain of the Neapolitan fleet to stay in Tuscan waters: Otto to B Rucellai, 21 Aug 1482, Min, 12, 483-5. Is going to Pisa because of signs of trouble in the Lunigiana: Dieci to J Guicciardini in Ferrara, 6 May 1483, Dieci, LC, 5, 223. Sent to Pisa to do what he can to counter the Fregoso plans in the Lunigiana: mandate to B del Nero, 6 May 1483, Dieci, del Cond Stanz, 24, 20-1. Told Antonio da Montecatini that Sixtus and Girolamo Riario do not want peace; too may people gain by the continuance of war; Riario has been promised Faenza: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 17 Nov 1483, ASMo, ASE, ambasciatori, Firenze, 3. The Dieci instruct D to go to the camp as commissioner if Antonio Pucci is too sick to stay at his post, but only if Lorenzo agrees: Dieci, 30 Oct 1484, Miss, 21, 107. D is to consult Lorenzo regarding the military effort after Pietrasanta surrenders: 6 Nov 1484, Dieci, Miss, 21, 124. Accepted the surrender of Pietrasanta: 7 Nov 1484, Misc Rep, II, ins 54. The Dieci order D to proceed with the army towards Sarzana, as was decided with Lorenzo, and as Lorenzo says is the view of the condottieri and captains: 12 Nov 1484, Dieci, Miss, 21, 133-4. General commissioner in the camp: 18 Nov 1484, Otto, Miss, 3, 105. Fails to get elected to the Council of 70: 17 Sept 1485, MAP, 26, 442. Member of the Dieci deputed to settle the quarrel between Pietrasanta and Seravezza: 27 June 1486, Dieci, Delib, 24, 179.

Bibliog: DBI, 38, 170-3

 

Del Nero, Nerozzo di Piero di Filippo b. c. 1423

Career: Florentine merchant. Patron of a Flanders galley, 1469. Florentine captain in the Lunigiana, 1482. 1480 Catasto: sostanze 785 fl.

Refs: Piero Capponi is to help D in his business with Ferrante: Dieci to P Capponi, 11 Jan 1483, Dieci, LC, 5, 197-8. Is owed a large sum of money by Ferrante: mandate to G Lanfredini, 13 Apr 1484, Sig, LC, 21, 60-1. His dealings with the Neapolitan court via his procurator Bellicozzo Gondi: 24 Sept 1484, Acq e Doni, 352, 119. Seeks help in a legal case he is fighting in Naples: N del Nero to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 9 May 1486, MAP, 39, 481. The Dieci ask Giovanni Lanfredini to see Ferrante about D’s legal affairs: 20 May 1486, Otto, Miss, 5, 1.

 

Del Pace, Zanobi

Ref: Coadjutor to the Otto di Guardia: 31 Oct 1484, Otto di Guardia, 68, 139.

 

Del Paradiso, Gaspare

Refs: D’s pratica [as an agent of Ascanio Sforza]: Lorenzo de’ Medici to Ludovico Sforza, 29 May 1486, Lettere, IX, 316. Today D passed hastily through Florence [on his way to see Ludovico Sforza in Milan] on a peace mission [on behalf of Ascanio]: Lorenzo de’ Medici to J Guicciardini in Milan, 28 June 1486, Lettere, IX, 350.

 

Del Pasqua, Chiavacco

Ref: Infantry constable hired by Florence: -- Jan 1485, Dieci, Resp, 30, 287.

 

Del Tovaglia, Angelo di Piero

Refs: Ercole d’Este sent him 200 ducats to bring grain to Ferrara: E d’Este to Antonio da Montecatini, 14 Mar 1483, ASMo, ASE, ambasciatori, Firenze, 3. Has been told to ask Antonio da Montecatini if Florence can have some of Ercole’s grain; hints they might take it anyway, if refused: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, -- Mar 1484, ASMo, cit. Has refused to give Pier Filippo Pandolfini some of Ercole’s grain from Pisa or Jacopo d’Appiano: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 24 Mar 1484, ASMo, cit.

 

Del Tovaglia, Piero di Lapo

Career: Minor guildsman; member of the Otto di Custodia, Mar-June 1484.

Refs: Ercole d’Este wants D to extend the terms of loan of c 8,500 fl: E d’Este to Antonio da Montecatini, 21 May 1483, ASMo, ASE, ambasciatori, Firenze, 3. Is being difficult about prolonging the loan: E d’Este to Antonio da Montecatini, 28 May 1483, ASMo, cit. He, or his son Angelo, has provided infantry (which is being raised in Florence for Ferrara?) with the money: E d’Este to Antonio da Montecatini, 13 July 1483, ASMo, cit. Lorenzo has arranged with D to prolong until the end of the month the term for collecting the duke of Milan’s jewels that Ercole d’Este pledged in Florence: ASMi, SPE, Firenze, 19 Nov 1484.

 

Del Vechio, Matteo

Ref:Cavallaro of the Otto: 25 Mar 1486, Otto, Miss, 4, 152-3.

 

Del Vigna, Francesco

Ref: His letters to ‘lo Spina’ regarding the disposition of captains: 17 Jan 1485, MAP, 39, 65.

 

Deti, Tommaso di Guido 1414-1498

Career: Doctor in civil law who taught law in Florence; very active in political life.

Ref: Made commissioner of Livorno during the term of his captaincy there: 27 Apr 1485, Dieci, Delib, 24, 110.

 

Detti, Giovan Jacopo

Ref: Lorenzo’s letter to him was very useful: 14 Sept 1484, MAP, 48, 47.

 

Diedo, Francesco c. 1435-1484

Career: From 1464, active in Venetian politics, Terraferma administration and diplomacy, including embassies to Sigismund of Austria (1464-5), Matthias Corvinus (1467-8), Savoy (1469-70), Urbino (1472), Milan (1479-80) and Rome (1481-3). In Rome he actively recruited men-at-arms for war against the League. Distinguished as a man of letters.

Refs: Elected to replace Zaccaria Barbaro as Venetian ambassador in Rome, but refused to go: 18 Dec 1480, ASV, Sen Terra, 8, 114. Also refused on 6 Feb 1481. Elected a third time and forced to accept: 17 Feb 1481, ASV, Sen Terra, 8, ---. Arrived in Ferrara yesterday and was lodged in the palace where Cardinal Gonzaga stayed; he is full of fine words towards Ferrara: A d’Appiano to G G Sforza, 11 May 1481, ASMi, SPE, Ferrara, 326. Arrived Rome as the new Venetian ambassador: Milanese orators to G G Sforza, 10 June 1481, ASMi, SPE, Roma, 89; G A Vespucci to the Otto, 10 June 1481, Otto, Resp, 1, 320. Has left Rome for Siena to try to win over the Sienese: Otto to P Capponi, 2 July 1482, Min, 12, 372-3.

Bibliog: DBI, 39, 769-74; King, Venetian humanism, 361-2; G Tournoy, Francesco Diedo, ‘Venetian humanist and politician of the Quattrocento’, Humanistica Lovaniensia, 19(1970), 209

 

Diedo, Pietro c. 1430-1490

Career: Moving from commerce to politics, Terraferma administration and diplomacy, D was Venetian ambassador to Matthias Corvinus (1478-9), Innocent (1485, with B Bembo and A Bragadin; 1486) and the emperor (1486, with S Badoer). Died in Cairo.

Refs: Elected as orator to Bologna, to ask them not to aid Ferrara: ASV, Sen Secr, 30, 83, 9 May 1482. Appointed envoy to Bologna: 13 May 1482, ASV, Sen Terra, 8, 150. His commission: 16 May 1482, ASV, Sen Secr, 30, 85-95. The Bolognese sent him away empty-handed: ------, Sen Secr, 30, 95. Instructed to go from Bologna to Rimini to hasten Roberto Malatesta southwards and to accompany him: 8 June 1482, Sen Secr, 30, 93. As podestà of Bergamo, D received a Milanese envoy interested in peace: B Rucellai to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 25 Apr 1483, MAP, 48, 192. Venetian ambassador to Innocent: 12 Mar 1485, ASV, Sen Secr, 32, 136. Commission for D and the other ambassadors sent to Rome: 9 May 1485, ASV, Sen Secr, 32, 146.

Bibliog: DBI, 39, 778-81

 

Diedo, Sebastiano

Ref: Venetian ambassador to Milan: 11 Nov 1485, MAP, 26, 479.

 

Dincasato, Francesco

Ref: Is at present in Bologna; will replace Francesco Ricci (who has died) as Milan’s man with Alfonso d’Aragona: Z Saggi to Federico Gonzaga, 19 Aug 1482, ASMa, AG, 1627.

 

Dini, Antonio di Bernardo di Miniato

Career: A humbly-born member of Lorenzo’s circle, said by Francesco Guicciardini to have had an exaggerated sense of his own importance. Member of the Otto di Pratica, 1482-86.

Refs: Provveditore of the Monte: 7 Feb 1485, Dieci, Miss, 23, 34. Has the income of the Monte in his hands: P F Pandolfini to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 3 May 1485, MAP, 26, 360. Probably instructed to pay troops; Niccolò Michelozzi is instructed to pass on Lorenzo’s letter to D: Lorenzo de’ Medici to N Michelozzi, 7 Sept 1485, Lettere, VIII, 254-5. Michelozzi is to instruct D to hurry: Lorenzo de’ Medici to N Michelozzi, 11 Sept 1485, Lettere, VIII, 267. As a member of the Dieci di Balia, mentioned in the text of the Pietrasanta capitoli, 27 Nov 1484: Lettere, VIII, 319. Is sending cash to Piero Capponi: 9 May 1486, Dieci, Miss, 7, 20.

 

Dini, Francesco di Piero b. c. 1408

Career: Provveditore delle gabelle di Pisa, 1442-3. Florentine orator in Milan, 1470-1. Mission to Colle, 1471. General member for S Croce in the Balia, 1471. Captain of Volterra, 1475. Member of the Dieci di Balia, 1479-83. Member of the Council of 70, 1480. Orator in Venice, 1476. Said to be Lorenzo’s emissary in Venice, 1478. Accoppiatore, 1478, 1489, 1493. With other orators of the League, sent to persuade Venice to declare war on the Turk, Sept 1480. Member of the Otto di Pratica, 1481-2. Commissary in the camp, Mar-May 1482. Vicar of Pescia, 1482-3. One of the 12 Procuratori, 1483-4.

Refs: D’s instructions for his Venetian mission: Otto, LC, 21, 19-20, 10 Sept 1480. Antonio da Montecatini comments on his Venetian appointment; he had been ambassador in Venice before ‘con assai bona gratia’; he is ‘persona da bene et bona persona’: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 11 Sept 1480, ASMo, ASE, ambasciatori, Firenze, 2. Apparently left Florence on 25 Sept along with the Neapolitan ambassador: Otto to P Nasi, 24? Sept 1480, Miss, 1a Canc, 48, 157-8. On 5 Oct D reported that the Venetians were unwilling to intervene against the Turks: Otto to F Dini, 17 Oct 1480, Miss, 1a Canc, 48, 175. With Luigi Guicciardini appointed a Florentine syndic for the forthcoming takeover of the disputed towns from the Neapolitans: 20 Mar 1481, Sig, LC, 21, 25; Lettere, V, 106. In that capacity, he features in the accord for the restitution of Poggiboni, Colle Val d’Elsa and Monte S Savino, 29 Mar 1481, Lettere, V, 301-5 and 309. The Otto have elected him as ambassador to Venice: 3 Oct 1484, Otto, Miss, 3, 99-100. Elected ambassador to Venice on Saturday evening; a worthy man of eighty-two years old, twice previously ambassador to Venice: 4 Oct 1482, ASMi, SPE, Florence, 305. Florentine commissioner who made the agreement regarding the boundaries of Sarzana and Sarzanello with the lands of Gabriele Malaspina: 18 Feb 1486, Otto, Miss, 4, 112.

 

Dini, Giovanni di Francesco b. c. 1437

Career: Prior, Nov/Dec 1469; captain of Pisa, Mar 1484-Sept 1485; captain of Cortona, 1486.

Refs: Made commissioner in Cortona for the duration of his captaincy there: Dieci, Delib, 24, 159, 1 Mar 1486. The Otto describe him as man who knows everyone in Cortona, making him the right man for Piero Capponi to consult when seeking a Cortonese for administration/logistics: Otto, Miss, 4, 128-30, 5 Mar 1486. The Otto refer to him as captain in Cortona: Otto, Miss, 4, 132-133, 9 Mar 1486. Informed that Lorenzo would be meeting Alfonso d’Aragona in Cortona: Dieci to G Dini, 26 Aug 1486, Dieci, LC, 7, 93

 

Dionigi da Roncofreddo

Refs: An agent of Roberto Malatesta and correspondent of Lorenzo from Rimini, who provided the latter with confidential information about the Romagna: Lorenzo de’ Medici to N Michelozzi, [31 Jan 1481], Lettere, V, 135. Visited Florence, Feb 1481: Lettere, V 155. His undefined pratica: Lorenzo de’ Medici to N Michelozzi, 5 Nov 1481, Lettere, VI, 66.

 

Djem d. 1495

Career: Son of Sultan Mehmet II; brother of Sultan Bayazet and his rival for the sultanate. At Mehmet’s death in 1482, D took refuge on Rhodes. Used by Pierre d’A ubusson, the Hospitaller grand master, as a bargaining counter against Bayazet; D’s safekeeping was secured by an annual pension of 45,000 ducats. Sent to France. Innocent VIII gained custody of him in 1489, in return for a cardinal’s hat for d’Aubusson and other concessions. Kept in the Vatican, where his maintenance cost 15,000 ducats a year. Handed over to Charles VIII of France as part of an agreement with Alexander VI in 1495, but died shortly afterwards.

Ref: It is reported that he has taken refuge on Rhodes; a nipote of Pierre d’Aubusson called at Syracuse, apparently heading for France, with D on board his ship: B Castiglioni to Gian Galeazzo Sforza, 30 Sept 1482, ASMi, SPE, Napoli, 240.

Bibliog: J Freely, Jem Sultan, London, 2004

 

Dolfin, Pietro 1444-1525

Career: Abbot of S Michele di Murano, 1478-80; general of the Camaldolese order, 1480-1525

Ref: The restoration of S Clemente, Arezzo, to the Camaldolese, in exchange for Giovanni de’ Medici’s acquisition of Monte Cassino, paved the way for D to accompany Cardinal Giovanni in the conclave of 1492: Lettere, VII, 367.

Bibliog: DBI, 40, 565-71; M L King, Venetian humanism in an age of patrician dominance, Princeton, 1486, 362-3

 

Domenico di Orlando

Ref: The priors and gonfalonier of Montecchio recommend to Lorenzo the case of D and his brother Salvadore: MAP, 39, 505, 18 May 1486.

 

Donati, Bernardo di Manno

Ref: Lorenzo sends D, the brother of his lover Lucrezia Donati, to Louis XI with the ring of St Zenobius: Lorenzo de’ Medici to Louis XI, 9 Feb 1483, Lettere, VII, 194-5.

 

Doria, Domenico

Refs: Commander of 300 Milanese infantry, who is being sent to Mantua: Z Saggi to Federico Gonzaga, 25 July 1482, ASMa, AG, 1627. Under pressure from Pier Filippo Pandolfini, Ludovico Sforza refuses to concede D the Banco di S Giorgio: Dieci, Resp, 32, 79, 26 Aug 1484. A constable stopped by Ludovico from going to serve the Banco di S Giorgio: 1 Sept 1484, Otto, Miss, 3, 95-6. Appointed captain of the papal guard; he had previously been hired by Giuliano della Rovere to kill Girolamo Riario: MAP, 39, 322, 2/3 Sept 1484. Hired by the Banco di S Giorgio for the Lunigiana campaign: Dieci, Resp, 32, 209, 24 Sept 1484. Innocent has made him captain of the palace guard but postponed the appointment as he is needed to serve Genoa: Arch Vat, Arm 39, 18, 37, 29 Sept 1484. The Dieci give him a safeconduct to go and serve Innocent as they do not want him to continue serving the Genoese: Dieci to the commissaries in the camp, 27 Oct 1484, Dieci, Miss, 21, 99.

 

Doria, Filippo

Refs: Emissary of Genoa and of the Banco di S Giorgio to Rome; has been often procuratore of the Banco di S Giorgio: 4 Feb 1485, Dieci, Resp, 30, 325. In command of two ships for Genoa: 23 Oct 1484, Dieci, Resp, 32, 340.

 

Doria, Giorgetto

Refs: Is coming to La Spezia with two navi and six armed galleys: 19 Dec 1484, ASMi, SPE, Firenze, 307. Had three navette at the siege of Livorno: 1 Feb 1485, Dieci, Miss, 23, 28.

 

Doria, Lazzaro b. c. 1412

Career: Rich Genoese merchant specialising in alum from Chios. Entered public life in 1450. In 1483 took part in the plot of Agostino and Paolo Fregoso against the doge. One of twelve Genoese ambassadors sent to Rome to congratuate Pope Innocent after his election. Said to be very close to that pontiff.

Refs: In a Genoese general assembly on 25 Aug 1484, D argued that Genoa was bound to defend Sarzana: Lettere, VIII, 339. Reputedly the ‘first man’ of Genoa; he has a plan to entrust Genoa to Innocent: P F Pandolfini to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 22 Sept 1484, MAP, 48, 51. Entered Rome with the other Genoese ambassadors, 7 Apr: Dieci, Resp, 34, 15, 8 Apr 1485. His special brief to represent the doge’s interests: Dieci, Resp, 34, 50, -- Apr 1485. Genoese ambassador in Rome for peace negotiations: Otto, Miss, 3, 131-2, 2 May 1485. Offers Innocent 100,000 ducats and twenty armed vessels for an enterprise against Naples: LC, II, V, 18, 50, 22 Aug 1485. His discussions with Innocent in the second half of July: B Rucellai to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 25 Aug 1485, Dieci, Resp, 34, 337. Objects to Florentine practices after Genoa had been so ready to entrust to Innocent the settling of differences between them: Ascanio Sforza to Ludovico Sforza, 27 Aug 1485, ASMi, SPE, Roma, 98. Assumed a more intransigent position: G A Vespucci to the Dieci, 20 Aug 1485, Dieci, Resp, 34, 325. Representing the Banco di S Giorgio in negotiations with Florence, Dec 1485: Lettere, IX, 115.

Bibliog: DBI, 41, 399-401

 

Dovizi, Piero, da Bibbiena c. 1456-1514

Career: Brother of Cardinal Bernardo Dovizi. Lorenzo’s chancellor; private secretary to Lorenzo and to Piero de’ Medici. Exercised a great influence over the latter due to his position in the confidence of the former. His arrogance won him many enemies. Went into exile at the fall of the Medici in 1494 and spent the next two decades in Venice, where he died. A man of letters rather than a patrician.

Refs: Earliest of Lorenzo’s letters written by D: Lorenzo de’ Medici to Federico Gonzaga, 7 Feb 1483, Lettere, VII, 192-3. Writes to Giovanni Lanfredini informing him of Lorenzo’s illness: MAP, 39, 112, 21 Mar 1485. Reports to Lorenzo on activities in Lucca: MAP, 40, 43, 15 May 1485. Lorenzo refers to letters he has received from him: Lorenzo de’ Medici to N Michelozzi, 7 Sept 1485, Lettere, VIII, 254. D will justify to Niccolò Michelozzi certain words he wrote regarding the latter’s mission to Milan: Lorenzo de’ Medici to N Michelozzi, 26 Sept 1485, Lettere, VIII, 300. Kept informed by one Niccolò on recent developments in Rome: MAP, 124, 9, 21 Nov 1485. Minute of the Dieci written on 17 Jan 1486 by D, rather than by one of their secretaries, suggesting that it originated with Lorenzo: Lettere, IX, 129.

Bibliog: DBI, 41, 604-8

 

Dubois, Jean

Ref: The mandate accusing the Medici bank of owing Guglielmo Bacci money is addressed to D (described by Lionetto de’ Rossi as ‘s de parlement’) and to lawyers in Lyon: MAP, 39, 280, 11 Aug 1484.

 

Dugnano, Bartolomeo

Ref: Milanese secretary sent with pay for provvisionati: MAP, 26, 325, 3 Feb 1486.

 

Dunois and Longueville, count of, see Orléans, François d’

 

Elisabetta da Montefeltro, see Montefeltro, Elisabetta da

 

Emo, Giovanni 1419-1483

Career: Venetian ambassador (to Hungary, Naples and Egypt) and administrator (in Belluno, Brescia and Friuli). Savio del Consiglio in 1482.

Refs: Sent as provveditore to Lombardy beyond the Mincio: early May 1482, Sanudo, Vite dei dogi, I, 245. Elected as provveditore in Lombardy: 9 May 1482, Sen Secr, 30, 81. Appointed provveditore to Brescia: 13 May 1482, Sen Terra, 8, 150. Elected provveditore-generale: 10 Aug 1482, Sen Secr, 30, 114. On his way to the camp to take over as provveditore-generale: 19 Aug 1482, Sen Secr, 30, 109. Appointed successor to Antonio Loredan as provveditore-generale with the army: 30 Aug 1482, ASV, Dieci, Misti, 20, 196. As savio del Consiglio, proposed the withdrawal of Pietro Diedo from Rome: 27 Dec 1482, Sen Secr, 30, 154. Agreed to allow Roberto di Sanseverino to come to Venice, but this proposal defeated: 7 Feb 1483, Sen Secr, 30, 165.

Bibliog: DBI 42, 641-3

 

Empo, messer

Refs: His arrest by Antonello di Sanseverino: 29 Nov 1485, MAP, 26, 489. His flight from the barons to the city of Naples: 26 Dec 1485, Lettere, IX. His arrest: 20 Aug 1486, Dieci, Miss, 7, 90.

 

Ercolano, ser

Ref: Chancellor of Ranuccio Farnese in Florence: 18 Feb 1486, Otto, Miss, 4, 109.

 

Ercole di Nardo

Refs: Commander of provvisionati ordered by Alfonso d’Aragona to obey Nicola Orsini: MAP, 48,40, 5 Sept 1484. One of the condottieri in the camp outside Pietrasanta to whom Sforza Bettini is sent: Dieci, Delib, 24, 61, 6 Oct 1484. Lorenzo’s positive report on E: 12 Nov 1484, Dieci, Miss, 21, 135. Is very ill; Lorenzowants a doctor for him from Florence: Lorenzo de’ Medici to N Michelozzi in Florence, 7 June 1485, Lettere, VIII, 218.

 

Erizo, Antonio 1409-1483

Career: Savio del Consiglio in the second half of each year from 1476: the last phase of a long and distinguished career in Venetian government.

Refs: Prepared to offer Faenza to Girolamo Riario: 3 July 1482, ASV, Sen Secr, 30, 90. Opposes a state reception for Ascanio Sforza, but this defeated: 29 July 1482, ASV, Sen Secr, 30, 105. Votes for an increase in the Torelli condotta: 17 Aug 1482, ASV, Sen Secr 30, 109. With Francesco Michiel and others, votes for offering Reggio, Modena etc to Roberto di Sanseverino to persuade him to move: 15 Oct 1482, ASV, Sen Secr, 30, 129-30.

Bibliog: DBI, 43, 154-6

 

Este, Bianca d’ 1440-1506

Career: Daughter of Niccolò III d’Este of Ferrara; sister of Duke Ercole d’Este; wife of Galeotto Pico of Mirandola.

Ref: Ercole d’Este talks to her about the possibility of Alfonso d’Aragona wintering in Mirandola: J Guicciardini in the camp to the Dieci, 31 Oct 1483, Dieci, Resp, 29, 273-4.

Bibliog: DBI, 43, 336-7

 

Este, Eleonora d’, see Aragona, Eleonora d’

 

Este, Ercole d’, duke of Ferrara 1431-1505

Career: Son of Niccolò III d’E ste of Ferrara and of Stella Tolomei. After a period of apprenticeship at the Neapolitan court and as governor of Modena, he succeeded his half-brother Borso d’Este as duke of Ferrara in 1471. m Eleonora d’Aragona, 1473; father of Isabella (m Francesco Gonzaga), Beatrice (m Ludovico Sforza), Alfonso (m (1) Anna Sforza, (2) Lucrezia Borgia), Ferrante, Cardinal Ippolito, Sigismondo and Alberto d’Este. Lorenzo had cause to correspond with Ercole on a regular basis.

Refs: Clauses concerning E in the league signed between Sixtus, Naples, Milan and Florence, 13 Mar 1480: Lettere, V, 281 and 284. Announcement of the marriage between Francesco di Federico Gonzaga and Isabella d’Este: 15 May 1480, Dallari, 40. If, as Pier Filippo Pandolfini now believes, Fra Thome’s pratica is true, Antonio Tassini and, behind him, E, must be involved: P F Pandolfini to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 21 May 1480, Sig, X, VIII, 214-15. Ferrara wants a public clause in E’s condotta that he would not be called on to fight against Sixtus, his overlord, but will accept a secret clause cancelling this: Bona and G G Sforza to F Sacramoro, 22 May 1480, ASMi, SPE, Firenze, 299. Ferrara wants the new League between Naples, Milan and Florence to agree that, if war with Venice occurs, peace should not be made until the office of Visdomino has been abolished and E freed from ‘quelle subiunctione’; E also wants the power to be free from both the League and the condotta after five years, if he wishes; Milan approves: P F Pandolfini to the Otto, 11 June 1480, Sig, X, VIII, 10, 231-2. Florence also approves of this proposal: Otto to P F Pandolfini, 17 June 1480, Sig, Miss 1a Canc, 48, 82-3; Sig, X, VIII, 10, 243-4. Text of the League signed between Naples, Milan, Florence and Ferrara, 25 July 1480: Lettere, V, 291-9. E’s condotta with the League; he is to be lieutenant-general for five (plus five) years; will command 50,000 men in peace (19,000 each from Milan and Naples, 12,000 from Florence) and 80,000 men in war: 25 July 1480, Otto, Del Cond Stanze, 1, 66-8. The Florentine Signoria is pleased by news of the birth of a son to E: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’E ste, 14 Sept 1480 [but more likely 1479], ASMo, ASE, ambasciatori, Firenze, 2. E wrote on 10 Dec to Antonio da Montecatini, requesting him to ask Giuliano Gondi for a loan of 2,500 ducats in Florence; it is thought that this money is for Lorenzo: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 15 Dec 1480, ASMo, cit. Antonio da Montecatini and Ercole’s treasurer have succeeded in getting 2,000 ducats for Ercole from Florence: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’E ste, 23 Dec 1480, ASMo, cit. Neither Antonio da Montecatini nor Gondi have been able to raise this money yet: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 2 Jan 1481, ASMo, cit. Gondi had agreed to lend at 12%: ------, 9 Jan 1481, ------. E is reported to be going to Mantua; the money has still not been paid: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 24 Feb 1481, ASMo, cit. The 2,500 ducats were finally collected by Giovanni Lanfredini on Gondi’s bill, but E must pay the interest: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 7 Aug 1481, ASMo, cit. After informing the orators of the plot against him at Forlì, Girolamo Riario complained of E’s hostility, alleging that E persisted in maintaining Anton Maria degli Ordelaffi at Bagnacavallo; it was because of these threats that Riario had gone to Venice to seek security: Milanese orators in Rome to G G Sforza, 5 Nov 1481, ASMi, SPE, Roma, 90.

News of the death of Lucrezia Tornabuoni: Lorenzo de’ Medici to E d’Este, 25 Mar 1482, Lettere, VI, 287. E has persuaded Ferrante to let Niccolò Sadoleto stay in Naples rather than be sent to Hungary: G Brognoli in Naples to Federico Gonzaga, 1 May 1482, ASMa, AG, 806. Lorenzo will try to see that at least part of what E asked for on behalf of Antonio Gallafato is done: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 1 May 1482, ASMo, ASE, ambasciatori, Firenze, 3. Ferrante owes E 6,000 ducats; Antonio da Montecatini is sending saltpetre: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 3 May 1482, ASMo, cit. Milan sent 1,200 cuirasses and 40,000 ducats; 10,000 ducats and 500 cuirasses are a gift, the rest ‘provisione sua’: 3 May 1482, Caleffini, 281. Milan decided that E’s salary is to start on the kalends of Feb; Florence is annoyed at the lack of consultation about this: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 4 May 1482, ASMo, cit. E has not yet received his prestanza from Milan: Otto to B Rucellai, 8 May 1482, Min, 12, 251-2. E wants Lorenzo to pay Giuliano Gondi 2,500 ducats and interest, and set it off against ‘nostri resti vechij’: E d’Este to Antonio da Montecatini, 14 May 1482, ASMo, cit. E has ordered the ‘disegno del paese’ for which Lorenzo asked; E wants Lorenzo to use contacts in ‘Trevio’ to get news of Rome: E d’Este to Antonio da Montecatini, 24 May 1482, ASMo, cit. Instructs Antonio da Montecatini to tell Lorenzo he would willingly take 2,500 ducats at interest from Giuliano Gondi ‘per servire sua M.tia’ , but has only agreed to pay interest for one year and cannot pay any more; wants Lorenzo to agree to pay the interest for the coming years, as it is ‘justo e conveniente’, and to arrange for E’s year of interest to be offset against ‘nostri resti vechij’: E d’Este to Antonio da Montecatini, 26 May 1482, ASMo, cit. E wants more Florentine infantry sent to the Romagna: E d’Este to Antonio da Montecatini, 26 May 1482, ASMo, cit. Antonio da Montecatini has been speaking to Lorenzo with regard to the Gondi business: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 30 May 1482, ASMo, cit. E has written to Lorenzo suggesting that he tries to suborn Roberto Malatesta: F Sacramoro to G G Sforza, 1 June 1482. Florence refused E’s request for more money: Otto to B Gianfigliazzi, 6 June 1482, Min, 12, 306. E wants 3,000 provvisionati of the Marchese del Monte to protect his subjects while they gather crops: E d’Este to Antonio da Montecatini, 6 June 1482, ASMo, cit. E still hopes Florence will join in paying his 3,000 provvisionati, especially as Milan agreed to do so: E d’Este to Antonio da Montecatini, 9 June 1482, ASMo, cit. E has asked Alfonso d’Aragona to move north: Otto to B Gianfigliazzi, 13 June 1482, Min, 12, 318-19. E thinks that the next Florentine impresa should be in the Romagna, rather than Città di Castello or Perugia, or lose the advantage they have there: E d’Este to Antonio da Montecatini, 19 June 1482, ASMo, cit. E wants Florentine help to pay for 300 of his provvisionati and wants payment for his Corsicans; Lorenzo helped Antonio da Montecatini get payment from Matteo Cinni: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 20 June 1482, ASMo, cit. E does not agree with the Florentine proposal to move some infantry from the Romagna; has asked Milan and Naples to request Florence to contribute to the 3,000 provvisionati: E d’Este to Antonio da Montecatini, 22 June 1482, ASMo, cit. Urgently needs money from Florence to pay troops: E d’Este to Antonio da Montecatini, 26 June 1482, ASMo, cit. E asked Ludovico Sforza for 200 men-at-arms to protect the Romagna during the harvest; Ludovico agreed to this: Z Saggi to Federico Gonzaga, 26 June 1482, ASMa, AG, 1627.

E asked for more money; the Otto will see what can be done; Florence owes E c 7,000 fl: Otto to B Gianfigliazzi, 2 July 1482, Min, 12, 374-5. E is sending his ‘ ragioniero’ Jacomo d’Argenta to show that he is owed c 20,000 ducats: E d’Este to Antonio da Montecatini, 2 July 1482, ASMo, cit. E assures Florence that his truce with Ravenna was with the full knowledge and consent of Federico da Montefeltro and the ambassadors of the League; if concluded, it would allow Florence to take more infantry to Città di Castello; if it does not come off, then E will need more troops; he still disagrees with Florence over his stipendio and says is owed c 17,000 ducats; Florence claims the figure is 9,345 ducats: E d’Este to Antonio da Montefeltro, 5 July 1482, ASMo, cit. Lorenzo has no need to worry; E does not intend to let Giuliano Gondi down, but he has no money: E d’Este to Antonio da Montecatini, 5 July 1482, ASMo, cit. Alfonso d’Aragona has written to assure E that he wants to bring his army to his aid: E d’Este to G Bentivoglio, 8 July 1482, Dallari, 88. E has been paid 2,100 ducats as his first paghetta: Otto to B Rucellai, 10 July 1482, Min, 12, 384-6. Lorenzo is helping E to obtain copper from Paolantonio Soderini: E d’Este to Antonio da Montecatini, 12 July 1482, ASMo, cit. Florence refuses to give E a copy of ‘La appellationie facta per questa Exsa Sria’, because they have decided not to give it to anyone: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 15 July 1482, ASMo, cit. E does not agree with any of Florence’s contentions regarding the stipendio; he wants Florence to concentrate on the Romagna impresa: E d’Este to Antonio da Montecatini, 16 July 1482, ASMo, cit. Antonio da Montecatini has been asking for money for E, as the time for the payment of troops is approaching: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’E ste, 4 Aug 1482, ASMo, cit. E wants Florence to instruct Pasqua di Domenico d’Arezzo to serve wherever E wants; commenting on the letter of 4 Aug, E is pleased that Lorenzo recognises the danger in which Ferrara stands: E d’Este to Antonio da Montecatini, 7 Aug 1482, ASMo, cit. Lorenzo and the Otto approve E’s action regarding the condotta of Marco Pio; they promise to send the prestanza: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 9 Aug 1482, ASMo, cit. E has written to Naples and Milan to spur on the king of Spain: E d’Este to Antonio da Montecatini, 10 Aug 1482, ASMo, cit. E is sending Antonio da Montecatini documents regarding the Gondi affair; these are not for E, but for Lorenzo to pay them; E wants Lorenzo to keep secret information regarding plans to cross the Po: E d’Este to Antonio da Montecatini, 15 Aug 1482, ASMo, cit. E asks Lorenzo to intervene, so the Otto will let him have Pasqua: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 18 Aug 1482, ASMo, cit. Lorenzo promises will make sure E gets the money he requested: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 20 Aug 1482, ASMo, cit.

Milan sent Guidantonio Arcimboldi to Ferrara to try to persuade Federico da Montefeltro to stay there, and bring his troops from the Romagna to the Ferrarese; this was unsuccessful; E asked Milan for ten squadrons and to ensure that all the 3,000 provvisionati were in the camp: E d’Este to Antonio da Montecatini, 3 Sept 1482, ASMo, cit. Ferrante is surprised at the depth of E’s desperation at losses to Venice and accusations that the king has abandoned him: B Castiglioni to G G Sforza, 9 Sept 1482, ASMi, Spe, Napoli, 240. Lorenzo is helping E to buy grain in Florence: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 12 Sept 1482, ASMo, cit. Before E’s ambassadors in Milan could propose either Alfonso or Federico d’Aragona as successor to Federico da Montefeltro, as E had ordered, Ludovico Sforza had told them that he very much wanted the command himself; they felt it unwise to mention the Neapolitan candidates and E does not want to press the point; the Dieci are to be told only of Ludovico’s wishes, while Lorenzo is the only person to be told of E’s initial preference for a Neapolitan candidate: E d’Este to Antonio da Montecatini, 18 Sept 1482, ASMo, cit. The Dieci do not want E to take grain from Florence, as it is in short supply in Florentine territory: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 19 Sept 1482, ASMo, cit. The Dieci protest that E has only paid 15,000 ducats out of his own funds for the war: M Sacramoro to G G Sforza, 23 Sept 1482, ASMi, SPE, Firenze, 305. E wants Antonio da Montecatini to press Lorenzo regarding the promise of 2,800 ducats for Giuliano Gondi; E cannot believe Lorenzo is being so dilatory when he knows the position E is in: E d’Este to Antonio da Montecatini, 24 Sept 1482, ASMo, cit. The Dieci cannot allow E to export 1,000 moggia of grain; Florence is short anyway: Dieci to B Gianfigliazzi, 30 Sept 1482, Dieci, LC, 5, 75-7.

E is disappointed at Lorenzo’s reply regarding the 2,800 ducats: E d’Este to Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 2 Oct 1482, ASMo, cit. Ferrante has agreed that E can have grain, some against his stipendio, some ‘gratis’ (i e free of toll?): B Castiglioni to G G Sforza, 3 Oct 1482, ASMi, cit. Florence is ready to contribute her share of the 3,000 infantry E wants for the winter: Dieci to B Gianfigliazzi, 5 Oct 1482, Dieci, LC, 5, 77-80. E is worried about Venetian preparations around Brescia for an attack on Argenta; E thinks Florence should not keep so many men at Citerna just to take the rocca, while letting Ferrara perish ‘per una sua pocha specialita’; Florence just agreed to pay for 600 out of 3,000 provvisionati; Florence and Milan will have to pay Ferrante’s share (1,200 men) while Ferrante arranges payment: E d’Este to Antonio da Montecatini, 9 Oct 1482, ASMo, cit. E suggests that Ferrara is the best place for the ambassadors of the League to stay ‘cum lauctoritade che prudentemente ricordano Sri’; has written to Milan about this; E has written to Milan regarding two paghe for the Feltreschi, as Lorenzo suggested; E has written to Lorenzo begging him not to fail him in this necessity: E d’Este to Antonio da Montecatini, 11 Oct 1482, ASMo, cit. Florence agreed to contribute towards the cost of the 3,000 infantry E needs to get through winter: Dieci to B Rucellai, 12 Oct 1482, Dieci, LC, 5, 10-11. E would like to ask Milan to approve Federico d’Aragona as captain, as Lorenzo and the Neapolitan ambassador in Florence asked, but feels that he cannot do so now: E d’Este to Antonio da Montecatini, 13 Oct 1482, ASMo, cit. E wants Lorenzo to persuade the Florentines to agree to help pay Ferrante’s quota of the 3,000 provvisionati until Ferrante’s financial arrangements are complete, and get some money for E – which is badly needed – as has promised to do: E d’Este to Antonio da Montecatini, 18 Oct 1482, ASMo, cit. E gives details of Milan’s contributions, so Antonio da Montecatini can tell the Dieci and Lorenzo: E d’Este to Antonio da Montecatini, 19 Oct 1482, ASMo, cit. Ludovico Sforza says wants to have forty-two Milanese squadrons in the Ferrarese, not counting Federico Gonzaga’s and E’s troops and the 3,000 infantry: Z Saggi to F Gonzaga, 21 Oct 1482, ASMa, AG, 1627. E complains that 600 provvisionati have still not been sent by Florence (Pasqua di Domenico d’Arezzo arrived at Argenta with 100 men unpaid); he wants Florence to send money and write to Galeotto Manfredi and Giovanni Bentivoglio to move troops towards Bagnacavallo and Fusignano: E d’Este to Antonio da Montecatini, 30 Oct 1482, ASMo, cit.

The Dieci are surprised at the report of Pasqua’s arrival in Argenta with his company under strength and unpaid; money had been sent; Jacopo Guicciardini said it was because they had been switched to Argenta when preparations had been made to lodge in Bagnacavallo; the Dieci are to send money at once; they also agreed to write to Giovanni Bentivoglio and Galeotto Manfredi to send troops to support E, but cannot afford to send E any money at present: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 2 Nov 1482, ASMo, cit. Pasqua’s son was given one paga on 29 Oct; another paga for him and one for Francesco Corso are to be sent tomorrow: Dieci to B Gianfigliazzi, 3 Nov 1482, Dieci, LC, 5, 90-1. E wants Lorenzo to pay a third of the price of the salt he is buying from Giovanni Lanfredini, because of his debt to E: E d’Este to Antonio da Montecatini, 4 Nov 1482, ASMo, cit. The Dieci cannot send E money at the moment, but will see about future payments; they want to be sure they are not the only ones paying him and that others are fulfilling their obligations: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 7 Nov 1482, ASMo, cit. Lorenzo will try to ensure E gets the money requested from the Dieci: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 7 Nov 1482, ASMo, cit. The Dieci tell E that the worse things get, the harder Florence will try to help; they are sending a further 500 provvisionati, with the cost offset against E’s stipendio: Dieci to B Gianfigliazzi, 8 Nov 1482, Dieci, LC, 5, 92-3. Milan knows nothing of the two conditions on which E is reported to be ready to make peace: Eleonora d’Aragona to Giovanni Bentivoglio, 9 Nov 1482, Dallari, 292-3. 168 (of 600) provvisionati have arrived in Castrocaro so far, and have been sent on to E; 280 of them have been sent; it is hoped that all be sent within a week; E has written to Ferrante asking him to pay his quota for the Feltreschi, so that they can be used: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 14 Nov 1482, ASMo, cit. The Dieci are getting touchy about requests for money from E: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 16 Nov 1482, ASMo, cit. The Dieci say all 600 provvisionati have now left for Ferrara/Romagna; all those raised on behalf of E have also gone, except three who will leave tomorrow; E says he cannot raise infantry at Ferrara with the money sent from Milan: ------, 21 Nov 1482, ------. Antonio da Montecatini asked Lorenzo if he thought E should negotiate with the enemy, if the chance arose, at least until it is clear whether Sixtus is sincere in his peace negotiations; Lorenzo said yes, but Antonio da Montecatini must not tell anyone he said this and he would like to talk it over with Milan: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 23 Nov 1482, ASMo, cit. Ferrante is as anxious about Ferrara as if were his own stato, but denies that its plight is his fault; Ferrante is prepared to send Alfonso d’Aragona north (ultimately to Ferrara by sea if necessary): B Castiglioni to G G Sforza, 24 Nov 1482, ASMi, SPE, Napoli, 241. The Dieci are to ask E to agree to halt the provvisionati going to Costanzo Sforza; Antonio da Montecatini is sure E will not agree: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’ Este, 25 Nov 1482, ASMo, cit. Ferrante says that E is not doing enough to help himself and is looking to the League for everything: B Castiglioni to G G Sforza, 27 Nov 1482, ASMo, cit. Milan now understands how Branda Castiglioni heard report of the two conditions upon which E was insisting in the peace negotiations with Sixtus; Milan has not heard of them from Ferrara: G G Sforza to T Bottone, 27 Nov 1482, ASMi, cit.

Lorenzo does not think it a bad idea for E to raise the papal standard, but does not think it will make much impression on the Venetians: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 2 Dec 1482, ASMo, cit. The Dieci want E to forego some of his salary to help pay Girolamo Riario’s condotta: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 4 Dec 1482, ASMo, cit. Lorenzo emphasised his determination to help E in every possible way, and is therefore sending Sforza Bettini to Rome; Antonio da Montecatini tried to enlist Lorenzo’s support in combatting the suggestion that E should renounce part of his stipendio, reminding Giovanni Lanfredini that E pledged it to buy for salt from the Medici; Lanfredini spoke to Lorenzo, but says E must agree, though he cannot dare ask Alfonso d’Aragona to renounce part of his pay: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 5 Dec 1482, ASMo, cit. E is not satisfied with the quality of the Florentine provvisionati; the Dieci reply that they have paid the correct rates and that the commissaries have reported that the companies are up to strength; the Dieci cannot send all the military supplies for which E asked, as they do not have enough available; Lorenzo says he will see to it: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 8 Dec 1482, ASMo, cit. E has written to Milan about raising the papal standard and asking Sixtus and the cardinals for help: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 8 Dec 1482. E is not pleased by part of the Dieci’s reply to Anello Arcamone; Antonio da Montecatini thought it was not something he should mention; the Dieci were avoiding the subject of a truce so that Antonio da Montecatini will not ask them for infantry on the borders?: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 8 Dec 1482, ASMo, cit. Lorenzo said he believed Florence would accept a truce with Sixtus; to draw him further, Antonio da Montecatini asked his opinion regarding whether E should write to commissioners at Imola and Forlì to say he accepts the truce and ask them what they are going to do; Lorenzo thinks this a good idea; Lorenzo will try to get the military supplies for which E asked, though the Dieci say they cannot send that much: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 8 Dec 1482, ASMo, cit. Lorenzo is trying to get hold of arms for E; the Dieci want E to send an authoritative person to secure the Lunigiana: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 9 Dec 1482, ASMo, cit. The Dieci are disturbed by E’s message, obtained via Milan, that Cardinal Gonzaga cites as obstacles to peace Città di Castello, Piancaldoli and Girolamo Riario’s condotta, and ask him to think only of the salvation of Ferrara through peace with Sixtus; 10,000 arrows supplied by the Dieci and Lorenzo are being sent: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 10 Dec 1482, ASMo, cit.

E complained to Ferrante that peace, so necessary for Ferrara, was being obstructed by the dispute over Città di Castello and Piancaldoli: B Castiglioni to G G Sforza, 11 Dec 1482, ASMi, cit. Partly because E urged it so strongly, the Dieci are now willing to contribute to Riario’s condotta, but money will have to come from E’s own condotta: Dieci to B Gianfigliazzi, 13 Dec 1482, Dieci, LC, 5, 102-3. Antonio da Montecatini is pressing the Dieci for the rest of the 1,000 provvisionati and 150 Feltreschi, and asked them to send men from the borders to support E; the Dieci said they would consider this, and perform all they promised regarding the provvisionati; in Lorenzo’s absence, Antonio da Montecatini is finding it difficult to get money from ‘brigata’ for saltpetre; he is sending the 10,000 arrows Florence giving to E: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 13 Dec 1482, ASMo, cit. Antonio da Montecatini told Lorenzo that E was certain Lorenzo has done more than anyone to bring about peace; Lorenzo said would show him a letter, in which he would see this to be true: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 13 Dec 1482, ASMo, cit. The Dieci have ordered 2-3,000 ducats-worth of saltpetre or polvere to be supplied against E’s stipendio; Antonio da Montecatini will wait until this has been sent before he asks for the 10,000 ducats E told him to request: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 14 Dec 1482, ASMo, cit. Lorenzo wants Antonio da Montecatini to ask E to pursue Antonio’s proposal that Naples and Milan should commit themselves to help Florence recover the towns, in order to help reconcile the Florentines to the peace terms; he wants E to make this proposal quickly: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 24 Dec 1482, ASMo, cit. E wants Lorenzo, ‘nostro compadre’, to help speed up the transport of grain to Ferrara: E d’Este to Antonio da Montecatini, 24 Dec 1482, ASMo, cit. E has written ‘opportunamente’ regarding the peace, as Lorenzo asked: E d’Este to Antonio da Montecatini, 27 Dec 1482, ASMo, cit. The Ferrarese ambassadors (Antonio da Montecatini and Bonfrancesco Arlotti, bishop of Reggio) thanked Lorenzo for his efforts on behalf of E; Lorenzo said that no thanks were needed, for he was in E’s debt; again he referred to the scheme regarding the towns and its importance as showing the allies’ respect for Florence: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 30 Dec 1482, ASMo, cit.

Alfonso d’Aragona has spoken for E on the issue of paying Girolamo Riario’s condotta: E d’Este to Antonio da Montecatini, 7 Jan 1483, ASMo, cit. E wants Antonio da Montecatini to ask for money for infantry, particularly those of Pasqua di Domenico d’Arezzo at Argenta: E d’Este to Antonio da Montecatini, 7 Jan 1483, ASMo, cit. Detailed instructions, including discussion by E of Giovanni Lanfredini’s proposals regarding the settlement of E’s financial disputes with Florence, the old and new condotte, Giuliano Gondi, and salt: E d’E ste to Antonio da Montecatini, 10 Jan 1483, ASMo, cit. E wants to know Lorenzo’s opinion about Costanzo Sforza’s departure from Ferrara and what should be done: E d’Este to Antonio da Montecatini, 13 Jan 1483, ASMo, cit. The Dieci are sending Andrea Cambini with money for the infantry: Dieci to B Gianfigliazzi, 16 Jan 1483, Dieci, LC, 5, 106-7. Florence is no longer willing to pay the 500 infantry against E’s stipendio; E will not press the matter; E cannot pay any more towards Riario’s condotta than he has already stated, but is pleased that the old and new conti have been settled: E d’Este to Antonio da Montecatini, 16 Jan 1483, ASMo, cit. In a formal audience with the Florentine Signoria, Bonfrancesco Arlotti was assured of Florence’s continued support for E: 20 Jan 1483, Risp verb di oratori, 2, 82.. E is pawning jewels in Florence: E d’Este to Antonio da Montecatini, 23 Jan 1483, ASMo, cit. Milan has prepared a document concerning Montecchio and Castelnuovo to give to E, as agreed with Alfonso at the diet: G G Sforza to Alfonso d’Aragona, 5 Mar 1483, ASMi, cit. Milan wants E to hand over Castelnuovo and possibly Brixello(?), so that they can be promised to Marsilio Torelli; offering Calvegia(?) in exchange: G G Sforza to Alfonso d’Aragona, 7 Mar 1483, ASMi, cit. E will not agree to give Castelnuovo da Reggiano to --- Torelli, unless he receives something in exchange: J Guicciardini in Ferrara to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 26 May 1483, MAP, 48, 304.

A plot by the Rossi, Torelli and Fregosi has been discovered in Florentine territory near Fivizzano, and in E’s territories: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 3 Apr 1483, ASMo, cit. E successfully recommended Cosimo Gentili as judge of appeals in Florence: 26 Aug 1484, MAP, 39, 297. Lorenzo’s desire that E send 200 infantry to the camp: 7 Oct 1484, ASMo, ASE, ambasciatori, Firenze, 4. Lorenzo’s views on the ratification of the peace of Bagnolo and the restitution of E’s properties: 16 Dec 1484, ASMo, cit, 4. Ludovico Sforza’ s lack of regard for E: 20 Apr 1485, MAP, 51, 300. Concedes passage to Roberto di Sanseverino under threat of papal censure: 10 Oct 1485, Otto, Miss, 4, 68-9. Is going to Parma to be present at the siege of Montecchio, which the Torelli had taken from him and which Milan had promised to restore: 2 Nov 1485, Lettere varie, 11, 78. Leaves the Milanese disappointed with Ludovico Sforza in the matter of Montecchio: 16 Nov 1485, MAP, 26, 482. Lorenzo likes the idea of E going with the embassy to Venice: Lorenzo de’ Medici to J Guicciardini in Milan, 8 Jan 1486, Lettere, IX, 109. Lorenzo requests E’s copy of Dio Cassius: Lorenzo de’ Medici to E d’ Este, 5 Feb 1486, Lettere, IX, 165-6.

Bibliog: DBI, 43, 97-107

 

Este, Sigismondo d’ 1433-1507

Career: Son of Niccolò III d’E ste; brother of Ercole d’Este. A soldier who also undertook a succession of diplomatic responsibilities for his brother.

Refs: Sent to defend Corbola: 1 May 1482, Caleffini, 279, Zambotti, 104. Giovanni Bentivoglio and E have been recalled to Ferrara after Roberto di Sanseverino crossed the Po: ambassadors of the League to G G Sforza, 2 May 1482, ASMi, SPE, Ferrara, 327. Defending Castelnuovo di Melara against the Venetians: 7 May 1482, Caleffini, 281-2. Returned to Ferrara: 11 May 1482, Caleffini, 286-8. When Alfonso d’Aragona’s troops went to Mirandola, E, Galeotto Pico’s brother-in-law, went there to try to solve the dispute without war: 12 Nov 1483, Zambotti, 148-9.

 

Estouteville, Guillaume d’, cardinal c. 1412-1483

Career: Cardinal, 1439; bishop of Angers, 1439-47; archbishop of Rouen, 1453-83; bishop of Ostia, 1461-83. A ‘friend’ of Florence in Rome to whom Lorenzo appealed on various occasions. His illegitimate children included Jérôme and Augustin d’Estouteille (Girolamo and Agostino Tuttavilla)

Refs: The Otto thank him for his efforts on behalf of Florence: Otto to G A Vespucci in Rome, 13 Feb 1481, Min, 11, 126-7. Has gout; talk of dividing his benefices: Milanese orators in Rome to G G Sforza, 13 Apr 1481, ASMi, SPE, Roma, 89. E, on whom Florence can rely, is upset that Giovanna, widow of Bernardo Bandini, had not received back her dowry: G A Vespucci to the Otto, 12/13 May 1481, Otto, Resp, 1, 254-5. Ludovico Sforza suggested E as a possible successor to Sixtus: T Ridolfi in Milan to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 18 July 1481, Sig, X, VIII, 4, 59-60. Although Sixtus’s reply to a protest about Venetian aggression against Ferrara was lukewarm, E spoke very indignantly about the affair ‘in the College’: T Ridolfi to the Otto, 15 Dec 1481, Otto, Resp, 2, 110-11. Asked the Signoria of Siena to allow Florentines ‘qualche quantità di tratta’; Sixtus said nothing about this: L Lanti in Rome to the Balia of Siena, 22 Oct 1482, ASS, Balia, 506, 24. One of seven cardinals appointed by Sixtus to consider peace terms with the Spanish ambassadors: Cardinal Gonzaga to F Gonzaga, 30 Oct 1482, ASMa, AG, 846. Discussions between the Spanish ambassadors and the six cardinals deputed to discuss peace were held at E’s house: L Lanti to the Balia of Siena, 2 Nov 1482, ASS, Balia, 506, 31. One of six cardinals so appointed: L Lanti to the Balia of Siena, 5 Nov 1482, ASS, Balia, 506, 34. One of six cardinals appointed by Sixtus to discuss peace terms: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 7 Nov 1482, ASMo, ASE, ambasciatori, Firenze, 3. His executors want their silver back from Lorenzo: 19 Feb 1485, MAP, 39, 88. The papal emissary to Venice concerning the silver stolen from E was a Dominican friar: 12 Mar 1485, MAP, 39, 103.

Bibliog: DBF, 13, 126-7; DBI, 43, 456-60

 

Estouteville, Jérôme d’ (Girolamo Tuttavilla)

Career: Son of Cardinal d’Estouteville; m Ippolita, illegitimate daughter of Napoleone Orsini of Bracciano.

Ref: He and the executors of his father Cardinal d’Estouteville want their silver back from Lorenzo: 19 Feb 1485, MAP, 39, 88. Paolo Orsini and E took control of the bridges over the Tiber north of Rome: G A Vespucci to the Dieci, G A Vespucci to the Dieci, 30 Nov 1485, Dieci, Resp, 35, 223.

 

Ettore di Fieramonte

Ref: Bernardo Rucellai is trying to hire him to head the Florentine genti: 22 Feb 1485, MAP, 48, 292.

 

Eustachi, Filippo degli 1409-1495

Career: Castellan of Milan from 1466 and prominent in Milanese government after the assassination of Galeazzo Maria Sforza in 1476. With Ludovico Sforza and Giovan Francesco Pallavicini, a member of the Milanese regency council (Lettere, VII, 136). Ludovico’s right-hand man, though his brothers were involved in a Ghibelline plot to assassinated Ludovico in 1483, and E himself was imprisoned in 1489 after a further plot. Rehabilitated in 1494.

Refs: Antonio Tassini is trying with some success to persuade Bona to move to Pavia; perhaps he wants to get rid of E, who had an order from Duke Galeazzo Maria to keep the fortress for the young duke until he was old enough: P F Pandolfini to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 3 June 1480, Sig, X, VIII, 10, 226. E was very well disposed towards the Medici because he was received with great honour at the wedding of Lucrezia and because he received favours from Cosimo in a suit he had against the Lapaccini: B Rucellai at Milan to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 23 Feb 1482, MAP, 26, 295.

Like Duke Gian Galeazzo and Luigi Terzago, E wrote a protest against the terms of the peace of Bagnolo, but Ludovico Sforza refused to read it: G J Gilino from the camp at Bagnolo to G G Sforza, 26 July 1484, ASMi, SPE, Venezia, 373. Ludovico’s plan to reduce E to obedience using Roberto di Sanseverino: 24 Aug 1484, MAP, 48, 31. Has been given by Ludovico the property that Vercellino Visconti had in the castello of Trezzo to the value of 3,000 ducats: 29 Aug 1484, MAP, 48, 34; Lettere, VIII, 341. Does not want Roberto di Sanseverino or his sons in the rocca: 11 Sept 1484, MAP, 48, 44. His great power in the Milanese state: 14 Sept 1484, MAP, 48, 46. Among those Milanese to whom Lorenzo de’ Medici sent letters of credence on behalf of Francesco Gaddi: Prot, 317; Lettere, VIII, 81. His discontent with the peace and with Ludovico Sforza’s closeness to Venice; he is a great Ghibelline: B Rucellai to Leonardo and Francesco Spina, -- Dec 1484, MAP, 48, 267. Does not want Roberto di Sanseverino to be paid until he gets back the cash that has been taken from him, so that once the duke of Milan is of age he can hand over the cash that was first entrusted to him: 24 Dec 1484, MAP, 48, 277.

Niccolò Michelozzi has a letter of credence to E from the Dieci: 2 Jan 1485, Dieci, Delib, 24, 86; 2 Jan 1485, Otto, Miss, 3, 111. Evidence that Ludovico Sforza does not consult much with E or with Pallavicino Pallavicini: F Gaddi to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 4 Jan 1485, MAP, 50, 17. Witnesses a secret treaty between Milan and Venice: 26 Feb 1485, Libri commemoriali, V, 295. Is now on good terms with Ludovico: 9 Mar 1485, G Lanfredini, Copialettere, BNF, II, V, 15, 218. His enmity with Roberto di Sanseverino: 19 Apr 1485, MAP, 51, 304. Is on good terms with Ludovico thanks to Terzago and Pallavicini, who are in-laws [of E or of Ludovico?], and keeps control of the castello, the rocca and the cassa, but his role in Milan’s foreign policy is small; his difference with Ludovico over the fate of Pietro dal Verme and Giovanni Borromei, whom wanted to save as he is a great Ghibelline: B Rucellai to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 20 Apr 1485, MAP, 51, 300. Ascanio Sforza sent a messenger to him, after which Ludovico prevented Ascanio from coming to Milan: 18 June 1485, Dieci, Miss, 22, 184. E and Luigi Terzago conspiring against Roberto di Sanseverino: B Rucellai in Milan to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 26 Aug 1485, MAP, 51, 335. E proposed inviting to Milan Isabella, the daughter of Alfonso d’Aragona and Ippolita Sforza: P F Pandolfini to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 11 Sept 1485, MAP, 48, 44. E and the Ghibelline faction in Milan hated Gian Giacomo Trivulzio for his part in the reconciliation between Ludovico and Roberto di Sanseverino: P F Pandolfini to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 14 Sept 1485, MAP, 48, 46; Lettere, VIII, 342. Ludovico instructed E to raise money with which to pay the Orsini: F Gaddi to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 1 Nov 1485, MAP, 26, 474. Is eager to help Ferrante: 29 Nov 1485, MAP, 26, 489.

Folco Portinari has sold him the palace housing the Medici bank in Milan: J Guicciardini in Milan to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 24 Feb 1486, MAP, 26, 331. Sale of the Medici palace to E: Lorenzo de’ Medici to J Guicciardini, 27 Feb 1486, Lettere, IX, 178-81. E ‘rimetterà in te il pregio di detta casa’: J Guicciardini to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 3 Mar 1486, MAP, 26, 334. His letter to Lorenzo regarding the sale of the palace: J Guicciardini to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 15 Mar 1486, Lettere, IX, 192-6. If E and Luigi Terzago wanted to buy Lorenzo's palace, they would have to increase their offer: N Pontini in Milan to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 27 Mar 1486, MAP, 39, 458. E as the key obstacle to the satisfactory settlement of the sale of Lorenzo’s house; Ludovico Sforza is unwilling to displease him: J Guicciardini to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 5 Apr 1486, MAP4, 48, 345. Jacopo Guicciardini hopes that E’s intransigence will not strain relations between Florence and Milan, long-standing allies: J Guicciardini to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 9 Apr 1486, ------, LC, V, 400, 48-9. Lorenzo hopes that E can be persuaded to release the house to him: Lorenzo de’ Medici to Ludovico Sforza, 9 Apr 1486, Lettere IX, 227-9. The same message to the Florentine ambassador in Milan: Lorenzo de’ Medici to J Guicciardini, 9 Apr 1486, Lettere, IX, 230-3. Lorenzo is provoking the hostility of E and Terzago, who wanted to buy the Medici palace; if they withdrew their purchase, questions over the legality of the sale would disappear: L Spinelli in Milan to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 20 Apr 1486, AGF, LC, 5, 310. Relations between E and Ludovico are much improved, due to the intervention of Pallavicino Pallavicini and Luigi Terzago: B Rucellai to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 20 Apr 1486, MAP, 51, 300. Ludovico consults E in the matter of using Roberto di Sanseverino to secure peace: MAP, 48, 350, 8 June 1486. ‘ Consigliere, Governatore et Castellano del castello de Porta Zobia’; gave Francesco Gonzaga a ruby to pawn for the value of 6,000 ducats for six months at 16%: ASMa, AG, 1629, 27 Oct 14--.

Bibliog: DBI, 43, 537-9

 

Eustachi, Lorenzo degli

Ref: Mentioned in the text of the peace of Bagnolo: Lettere, VII, 515.

 

Evangelista di Matteo da Piagnano

Ref: Legal officer in Siena: Lettere, VII, 397.

 

Facinelli, Piero

Ref: Commissioner of the Signoria of Lucca visiting the Florentine camp outside Pietrasanta: 12 Sept 1484, Dieci, Resp, 32, 147.

 

Fagiuolo, Antonio

Ref: Bernardo Rucellai is bringing F from Lombardy for Lorenzo, who wants him to go and inspect the Chiane: Lorenzo de’ Medici at Bagno a Morbo to N Michelozzi, 18 May 1486, Lettere, IX, 297.

 

Falari

Ref: Lorenzo’s views on F, who was probably Sienese: 19 May 1486, MAP, 39, 506.

 

Falchieri, Bartolomeo

Refs: A Venetian condottiere captured at Punta di Ficarolo: 5 June 1482, Zambotti, 108-9. Ercole d’Este wanted to keep him; Milan refuses: G G Sforza to G A Cotta, 9 June 1482, ASMi, SPE, 843. Ludovico Sforza has ordered that F be sent to Milan: Z Saggi in Milan to F Gonzaga, 10 June 1482, ASMa, AG, 1627. Received by Gian Galeazzo Sforza the day before yesterday; well-treated by the duke and by Ludovico: Z Saggi to F Gonzaga, 22 June 1482, ASMa, cit. Venice has written to Milan asking for his release: Z Saggi to F Gonzaga, 11 Oct 1482, ASMa, cit. One of four men exchanged for Niccolò da Coreggio: ?Aug 1482, Sanudo, Vite dei dogi, II, 391.

 

Falconi, Giovanni di Alessandro

Ref: Elected provveditore of Pietrasanta: 3 Dec 1485, Dieci, Delib, 24, 148.

 

Fanteanzo

Ref: Part of the Milanese contingent with twenty-five men-at-arms: 23 Mar 1486, Dieci, Resp, 33, 583.

 

Fanti, maestro

Ref: Brings good news to the Florentine regime: 26 Mar 1485, MAP, 39, 11.

 

Farnese, Agnolo

Refs: Negotiations for his hire by Milan and Florence: 17 Mar 1486, Otto, Miss, 4, 141-2. Ludovico Sforza is happy that he and Pietro Bertoldo Farnese are being hired by the League and will pay half cost: 4 Feb 1486, Dieci, Resp, 33, 281. Alfonso d’Aragona wants him hired and to get an undertaking from him not to accept papal garrisons in his towns: 23 Feb 1486, Dieci, Resp, 33, 394.

 

Farnese, Pietro Bertoldo

Refs: Ludovico Sforza is happy that he and Agnolo Farnese are being hired by the League and will pay half the cost: 4 Feb 1486, Dieci, Resp, 33, 281. Giovan Francesco di Sanseverino has hired him; Alfonso d’Aragona wants Florence to confirm the condotta and wants F to agree not to have papal garrisons in his towns: 23 Feb 1486, Dieci, Resp, 33, 394. His unreasonable conditions for a condotta: 14 Mar 1486, Dieci, Resp, 33, 527.

 

Farnese, Primavera

Ref: [Sister?] of Ranuccio Farnese; her fickle attitude to the League: 13 Mar 1486, Dieci, Resp, 33, 523.

 

Farnese, Ranuccio d. 1495

Career: Roman condottiere. Son of Gabriele Farnese and Isabella di Aldobrandini Orsini; brother of Agnolo [and Pietro Bertoldo?]; m Ippolita di Federico Pallavicini. One of the principal captains of Federico da Montefeltro at the beginning of the War of Ferrara. On very good terms with the Medici and almost invariably fought for Florence from 1483 onwards. Was killed fighting for Venice at the battle of Fornovo, 6 July 1495.

Refs: Is in the service of the League at Città di Castello; nervous about the consequences of attacking a papal city: R Farnese from the camp of the League before Città di Castello to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 24 June 1482, MAP, 38, 393. With Costanzo Sforza and a large contingent of troops, he arrived at Città di Castello: C Sforza to G G Sforza, 5 July 1482, ASMi, SPE, Marca, 150. Florence wants him to rejoin the army: Otto to T Ridolfi, 17 July 1482, Min, 12, 407-8. With Antonio da Montefeltro, commander of the Feltreschi, Sept 1482: Lettere, VII, 78. At Citerna with most of the Feltreschi troops: G G Sforza to B Castiglioni, 30 Sept 1482, ASMi, SPE, Napoli, 240. Sent on behalf of all the Feltreschi to say that they do not want to go to the Romagna: Dieci to B Gianfiliazzi, 11 Oct 1482, Dieci, LC, 5, 80-2. Has gone home: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 13 Dec 1482, ASMo, ASE, ambasciatori, Firenze, 3. Has had a row with Guidobaldo da Montefeltro: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’ Este, 8 Apr 1483, ASMo, cit. Has asked Jacopo Guicciardini what Lorenzo wants him to do: J Guicciardini in Ferrara to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 11 Apr 1483, MAP, 48, 310. Lorenzo’s response: Lorenzo de’ Medici to J Guicciardini, 16 Apr 1483, Lettere, VII, 231-2. Is happy now; has had an increase of 1,100 ducats: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 17 Apr 1483, ASMo, cit. Ercole d’Este says that F deserves his increase ‘merita ogni honore & bene’: E d’E ste to Antonio da Montecatini, 20 Apr 1483, ASMo, cit. Is happy with all Lorenzo’s proposals, except that he wants 500 rather than 300 ducats: J Guicciardini to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 23 Apr 1483, MAP, 48, 314. Ottaviano Ubaldini is no longer able to pay his part of F’s condotta: R Farnese to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 25 Apr 1483, MAP, 39, 18. Is on his way to Florence, to settle affairs with Lorenzo: J Guicciardini to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 28 Apr 1483, MAP, 48, 297. Has had a good offer of a condotta from Sixtus: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 29 Apr 1483, ASMo, cit. Wants a letter from Florence to say they are happy for him to come, so he can get leave from Alfonso d’Aragona: J Guicciardini to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 10 May 1483, MAP, 48, 299/318. The Dieci want him to come to Florence as quickly as possible: Dieci to J Guicciardini, 14 May 1483, Dieci, LC, 5, 226. Florence will send him to the Lunigiana: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 31 May 1483, ASMo, cit. Will leave for the Lunigiana tomorrow: Dieci to B Rucellai, 10 June 1483, Dieci, LC, 5, 69-70. Is in debt to Taddeo Gaddi; makes over part of his pay to him: 30 June 1483, Dieci, Resp, 28, 82. Has been consulted by Florence over what to do about the Feltreschi; is reluctant to go to the Ferrarese: Dieci to G A Vespucci, 20 Oct 1483, Dieci, LC, 5, 444-6. Is in charge of the Feltreschi; Florence hopes he will now go to Ferrara: Dieci to G A Vespucci, 20 Oct 1483, Dieci, LC, 5, 444-6. Has left for Ferrara with 100 Feltreschi men-at-arms: Dieci to G A Vespucci, [10] Nov 1483, Dieci, LC, 5, 449-50. Has gone home for a few days: Dieci to G A Vespucci, 28 Dec 1483, Dieci, LC, 5, 338-9. The Dieci have ordered him to go to Urbino: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 6 Mar 1484, ASMo, cit. Is being asked to get troops together and go to Pisa: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 24 Apr 1484, ASMo, cit. Will leave his lodgings on 24 May with 100 men-at-arms, bound for Lombardy: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 20 May 1484, ASMo, cit.

The Otto ask R’s view regarding necessities for the Sarzana expedition: 9 Aug 1484, Otto, Miss, 3, 85-6. In the camp at Pietrasanta; S Bettini is sent to encourage him and the other condottieri; F is ill: 6 Oct 1484, Dieci, Delib, 24, 61. Involved in the campaign against Portovenere: 11 Dec 1484, Dieci, Delib, 24, 81. One of the commanders guarding Livorno when the Genoese attacked: 30 Dec 1484, ASMi, SPE, Firenze, 307. Sent by the Otto to Siena to protect them against the exiles: 9 May 1485, Otto, Miss, 3, 137. His hiring by the Sienese Balia is conditional on getting a licentia from the Florentine Signoria: 18 May 1485, ASS, Balia, 33, 84. Nominated as one of the raccomandati of the Orsini in their condotta: 2 Nov 1485, Dieci, Delib, 30, 116. His reports to the Sienese Balia: 3 Jan 1486, Otto, Miss, 4, 89-90. Ludovico Sforza is happy that he is being hired: 4 Feb 1486, Dieci, Resp, 33, 281. His chancellor ser Ercolano is in Florence: 18 Feb 1486, Otto, Miss, 4, 109. Alfonso d’Aragona wants F to agree not to accept papal garrisons in his towns: 23 Feb 1486, Dieci, Resp, 33, 394. Negotiations regarding his condotta: 13 Mar 1486, Dieci, Resp, 33, 523. The crucial strategic importance of his stato, which stretches for fifteen miles between Pitigliano and Canino: 15 Mar 1486, Dieci, Resp, 33, 537. His condotta needs careful handling because of the Sienese: 17 Mar 1486, Otto, Miss, 4, 141-2.

Bibliog: DBI, 45, 144-7

 

Federico da Montefeltro, see Montefeltro, Federico da

 

Federighi, Francesco di Carlo b. c. 1424

Career: Renounced his galley captaincy, 1466. General member of the Balia for S Maria Novella, 1471. Member of the second half of the Council of 70, 1480. One of the 12 Procuratori, Apr-Oct 1480, Apr-Oct 1482, Apr-Oct 1483. Podestà of Pisa, Dec 1486-June 1487. 1480 Catasto: sostanze 1,208 fl.

Ref: In the consulta, wanted equitable taxation and to raise new infantry in Florentine territory: 29 May 1482, Min, 11, 365-7.

 

Felici, Pietro

Refs: Chancellor of Federico da Montefeltro and his resident orator in Rome; met Anello Arcamone in Rome and agreed to try and increase Venetian/papal suspicion which had arisen over Lorenzo Giustini’s mission to Naples: P F Pandolfini to the Otto, 16 Dec 1481, Otto, Resp, 2, 114-15. F is having nothing to do with the League’s orators: G A Vespucci in Rome to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 21 Feb 1482, MAP, 38, 97. Guidantonio Vespucci suspects there is something afoot between Federico da Montefeltro and the cardinals, as F is having more audiences than usual: G A Vespucci to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 30 Mar 1482, MAP, 38, 420. F is still not associating with the League’s orators, which makes Vespucci suspect Federico’s intentions: G A Vespucci to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 2 Apr 1482, MAP, 38, 431.

 

Ferdinand, king of Aragon and Sicily (Fernando, Ferran) 1452-1516

Career: Son of Joan II, king of Aragon, and Juana Enríquez. m (1) Isabel (1451-1504), queen of Castile, in 1469, (2) Germaine de Foix (1488-1538) in 1506. King of Aragon, 1479-1516.

Refs: His part in the peace signed between Sixtus and the League, 12 Dec 1482: Lettere, VII, 481, 486-7, 497-8 and 513. His partita with the Medici bank in France: 11 Aug 1484, MAP, 39, 280. Seized a Venetian galley because it was carrying food to Granada: 2 Feb 1485, G Lanfredini, Copialettere, BNF, II, V, 15, 210. The Dieci are delighted by his letter to Milan: 7 Jan 1486, Dieci, Miss, 6, 6-7. Lorenzo is delighted by his letter to Milan: Lorenzo de’ Medici to J Guicciardini in Milan, 8 Jan 1486, Lettere, IX, 109.

 

Ferrante/Ferdinando I, king of Naples 1423-1494

Career: Illegitimate son of Alfonso ‘the Magnanimous’, king of Aragon and Naples, by Girladona Carlino. m (1) Isabella (d 1465), daughter of Tristano di Chiaramonte and Caterina Orsini del Balzo, (2) Juana/Giovanna (1455-1517), daughter of Ferrante’s legitimate half-brother Joan II, king of Aragon, and of Juana Enríquez. By his first wife his children were: Alfonso d’Aragona, duke of Calabria and king of Naples (m Ippolita Maria Sforza), Eleonora d’Aragona (m Ercole d’E ste), Federico d’Aragona, king of Naples (m (1) Anna of Savoy, (2) Isabella del Balzo), Cardinal Giovanni d’Aragona, Beatrice d’A ragona (m (1) Matthias Corvinus, king of Hungary, (2) Ladislas IV, king of Bohemia and Hungary), Francesco d’Aragona. His children by his second wife were: Giovanna (m Ferdinando II, king of Naples) and Carlo. Among his ten acknowledged illegitimate children, Maria d’Aragona (m Antonio Todeschini-Piccolomini, duke of Amalfi, in 1461), Giovanna d’Aragona (m Leonardo della Rovere, duke of Sora), and Maria Cecilia d’Aragona (m Gian Giordano di Virginio Orsini). Ferrante was duke of Calabria until his father’s death and king of Naples from 1458 to 1494. By the 1480s, Alfonso d’Aragona, duke of Calabria, was the most dynamic force in Neapolitan contributions to Italian inter-state relations, leaving Ferrante as a more sedentary presence, providing funds for condotte and military campaigns, dispatching and receiving ambassadors, and a sequence of comments on the diplomatic scene.

Refs: Fears Gallipoli will remain Venetian: 3 Aug 1484, MAP, 39, 290. His hatred for Girolamo Riario: 17 Aug 1484, G Lanfredini, Copialettere, BNF, II, V, 15, 117. Orders Neapolitan galleys to proceed to Livorno: 20 Aug 1484, Dieci, Resp, 32, 58. His preferred candidates for the papacy are Arcimboldi, Nardini, Piccolomini and Carafa: 20 Aug 1484, ASMi, SPE, Napoli, 244. Requests a description of the Milanese fiscal system, particularly of dazi and gabelli: 28 Aug 1484, ASMi, cit. Is very pleased with the new pope on the grounds that he was a bishop in the Regno, and had been brought up in Naples where his father was an ufficiale reggente of the city: 31 Aug 1484, ASMi, cit. Is intending to hire Orsini, Savelli and Colonna condottieri: 6-8 Nov 1484, G Lanfredini, Copialettere, BNF, II, V, 15, 171. His great trust in fra Francesco d’Aragona and in the Aragonese in general: 14 Nov 1484, G Lanfredini, Copialettere, BNF, II, V, 15, 175. Ludovico Sforza’s great distrust of him: 26 Nov 1484, MAP, 48, 265. Lorenzo tells Piero de’ Medici to stress to Cardinal d’Aragona great debt owed F by the Medici family, particularly for the way he treated Lorenzo de’ Medici on his trip to Naples: Lorenzo de’ Medici to Piero de’ Medici, 26 Nov 1484, Lettere, VIII, 74-5. His debts to Lorenzo and the Florentine merchant community equal 300,000 ducats; in addition he owes money to Milanese, Genoese and Neapolitan merchants; his debt to Lorenzo is 12,000 ducats, 10,000 lent in the summer and 2,000 from a former debt: 12 Dec 1484, ASMi, cit. Ludovico Sforza’s fear of F stopped him helping Florence to overthrow the regime in Genoa: 7 Jan 1485, MAP, 48, 280. Refuses to contribute to hiring the Romagna lords in the way he used to; this was because of his great fear of the Turk: 8 Jan 1485, Dieci, Resp, 30, 71. Is sharing with Innocent the cost of hiring Savelli, Orsini and Colonna condottieri: 16 Jan 1485, G Lanfredini, Copialettere, BNF, II, V, 15, 204. By the terms of the agreement between Milan and Naples, F will hire Guidobaldo da Montefeltro and Giovanni della Rovere: 19 Jan 1485, Dieci, Resp, 30, 194. Prospero Adorno is more in his interest than in that of Florence: 24 Jan 1485, Dieci, Resp, 30, 253. If Prospero Adorno becomes doge ‘sara tucto del Re’: -- Jan 1485, Dieci, Resp, 30, 286. Ludovico Sforza claims that F offered Paolo Fregoso all sorts of bribes to surrender Genoa to him: 27 Jan 1485, MAP, 48, 282. Desires the overthrow of the Sienese regime: 8 Feb 1485, MAP, 39, 81.

Anello Arcamone reports to Guidantonio Vespucci that F declared would forbid the Orsini to take part in the Sienese exiles’ plot: 22 Apr 1485, see Dieci, Resp, 34, 53. Tells Giovanni Lanfredini that he will back Florence if the Sienese exiles attack Siena: 28 Apr 1485, Dieci, Resp, 34, 69. Was behind the Sienese exiles plot: May 1485, Malavolti, Historia, 91. Guiliano della Rovere claims that F’s representative in Genoa is working to prevent an accord between Florence and Genoa being reached through the papacy: 30 May 1485, MAP, 26, 392. Orders his rendatari Riccardo Orefice and Carlo Borromei to pay the Florentine ambassador 9,000 ducats ‘sopra le tratte del grano’ for Lorenzo: 12 July 1485, ASMi, SPE, Napoli, 245. The Florentine regime thinks that F will be overthrown in a few days; Lorenzo is more sceptical and thinks Florence should meet F’s request for a promise: Lorenzo de’ Medici to N Michelozzi, 12 Sept 1485, Lettere, VIII, 270-1. Lorenzo considers F far more powerful than barons or the pope: Lorenzo de’ Medici to N Michelozzi, 16 Sept 1485, Lettere, VIII, 277. Without the threat of Roberto di Sanseverino F would be safe; Lorenzo thinks that the rest of Neapolitan regime exaggerate F’s weakness: ------, -- Sept 1485, Lettere, VIII, ---. The importance for him of the Orsini alliance: Lorenzo de’ Medici to N Michelozzi, 28 Sept 1485, Lettere, VIII, 303. His accord with the barons: Lorenzo de’ Medici to the Balia of Siena, 1 Oct 1485, Lettere, VIII, 309-10. Virginio Orsini keeps forty men-at-arms for him; Lorenzo is not backing F because of any affection for him; F’s financial exhaustian: Lorenzo de’ Medici to [F Gaddi, [14 Oct 1485], Lettere, IX, 7-24. Lorenzo’s message to him via Giovanni Albino: Lorenzo de’ Medici to Ferrante, 29 Oct 1485, Lettere, XI, 25. Lorenzo regrets that F has lost his reputation for being wealthy and militarily strong: Lorenzo de’ Medici to G Albino, 3 Nov 1485, Lettere, IX, 33. Offers six galleys to the Spinola and Adorni for the overthrow of regime in Genoa: Lorenzo de’ Medici to F Gaddi in Parma, 8 Nov 1485, Lettere, IX, 40. Is obliged to send 1,000 provvisionati to the Orsini: 27 Nov 1485, Otto, Miss, 4, 76-7. His rapprochement with Antonello Petrucci has Ludovico Sforza worried regarding the recrudescence of Petrucci’s influence: 7 Dec 1485, MAP, 26, 493. His son-in-law is the son of Virginio Orsini: 8 Dec 1485, MAP, 26, 495.

Married his illegitimate daughter Maria d’Aragona to Giordano di Virginio Orsini: 19 Feb 1486, ASMi, SPE, Roma, 99. Defends the option of summoning a council against Ludovico Sforza’s doubts: 2 Mar 1486, Dieci, Resp, 33, 455. His letter to Lorenzo regarding his offer to Giovanni de’ Medici: 23 Aug 1486, MAP, 61, 86. Promises the monastery of S Lorenzo of Aversa to Lorenzo: 28 Apr 1486, MAP, 39, 473. Lorenzo gives Francesco Gaddi the commission to negotiate, if necessary, with F regarding the match between Alfonsina Orsini and Piero de’ Medici: 12 June 1486, Acq e Doni, 213, 92. Gave abbeys of Cave and Monte Vergini to Giovanni de’ Medici, but then agreed with Alfonso d’A ragona that he should have S Germano instead: Lorenzo de’ Medici to [J Guicciardin iin Milan], 10 July 1486, Lettere, IX, 369. The increasing likelihood of René d’Anjou’s descent into Italy makes F keen for peace; confirms what Lorenzo said about the abbey: Lorenzo de’ Medici to J Guicciardini, 21 July 1486, Lettere, IX, 376-81. Rejects the peace clauses and tells Alfonso d’Aragona to prosecute the war vigorously: 7 Aug 1486, Dieci, Miss, 7, 82-3. Is expecting 400 men-at-arms and 500 provvisionati from Ludovico Sforza; asks Florence for 600 provvisionati and to leave Jacopo d’Appiano and Ranuccio da Marsciano on Orsini territory for the winter: 29 Aug 1486, Dieci, Miss, 6, 75-6. Sends Giovanni Navelero to Lorenzo regarding royal affairs: 18 Sept 1486, MAP, 45, 113.

Bibliog: DBI, ------

 

Ferrante/Ferdinando II, king of Naples, see Aragona, Ferrandino d’

 

Ferrari, Ambrogio

Refs: Reporting on progress at the siege of Barganova: A Ferrari to G G Sforza, 28 June 1482, ASMi, SPE, 843. Is ‘sopra le munitione ducale’; has been very helpful about the munitions Zaccaria Saggi sending to Federico Gonzaga: Z Saggi to Federico Gonzaga, 12 Dec 1483, ASMa, AG, 1628.

 

Ferrieri, Giovanni

Refs: Royal aghuzino with the Neapolitan fleet: 5 Mar 1485, Dieci, Resp, 30, 396. Mandatory of the Neapolitan galley captains sent to negotiate with Piero Capponi: 7 Mar 1485, Dieci, Miss, 24, 37.

 

Ferrillo, Marco [same as Matteo?]

Ref: With Antonio Cicinello, Antonello Petrucci and Antonio Carafa, F formed a commission appointed by Ferrante to look at Milanese proposals: G G Sforza to F Sacramoro, 29 Jan 1481, ASMi, SPE, Firenze, 302.

 

Ferrillo, Matteo [same as Marco?]

Ref: Neapolitan royal councillor who witnessed the League between Naples, Milan, Florence and Ferrara, 25 July 1480, Lettere, V, 299.

 

Ferrusino

Ref: Ducal treasurer to whom Ludovico Sforza entrusted the business of Lorenzo’s 4,000 ducats: 5 Apr 1486, MAP, 48, 345.

 

Fiere, Luigi

Ref: Is drawing up a contract between Medici representatives and the Pesciola: 1 Aug 1486, MAP, 39, 536.

 

Fieschi, Carlo

Refs: Nipote of Obietto Fieschi and son-in-law of Pallavicino Pallavicini: 14 Sept 1484, MAP, 48, 46. Florence’s Genoese allies plan to seduce F if Gian Luigi Fieschi will not cooperate; the Dieci approve this idea: 28 Dec 1484, Dieci, Miss, 22, 75. F is feared like the plague by Gian Luigi Fieschi: 19 Jan 1485, Dieci, Resp, 30, 199. Ludovico Sforza allows Florence to use him if they want: 21 Jan 1485, Dieci, Resp, 30, 227. Bernardo Rucellai persuaded him to come and help in the impresa: 10 Feb 1485, Otto, Miss, 3, 118-19. A request to favour him: B Rucellai to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 12 Feb 1485, MAP, 48, 287. Cognato of Pallavicino Pallavicini: 14 Feb 1485, Dieci, Resp, 30, 336. Captureed the castelli of Grondone and Varcho belonging to Gian Luigi Fieschi: 19 Feb 1485, Dieci, Resp, 30, 321. Ludovico Sforza is sending him with twenty-five men-at-arms to help the Ferrarese: 5 Dec 1485, MAP, 26, 492.

 

Fieschi, Ettore

Refs: Sent by Genoa to Pietrasanta to prevent victuals getting to Florentine troops outside Sarzana: ------, 4 Sept 1484, Acq e Doni, 352, 109; commissioner in Pontremoli to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 8 Sept 1484, Acq e Doni, 352, 107. Entered Rome with the other Genoese ambassadors on 7 Apr: 8 Apr 1485, Dieci, Resp, 34, 15. His special brief to represent the interests of the Casa di S Giorgio: -- Apr 1485, Dieci, Resp, 34, 50. Genoese ambassador in Rome dealing with peace negotiations: 2 May 1485, Otto, Miss, 3, 131-2.

 

Fieschi, Filippino

Ref: Bernardo Rucellai induced him to come and help in the impresa: 10 Feb 1485, Otto, Miss, 3, 118-19.

 

Fieschi, Giovan Francesco

Ref: Is going with galleys from Naples against Genoa: 10 Jan 1485, G Lanfredini, Copialettere, BNF, II, V, 15, 201.

 

Fieschi, Gian Luigi (Gottardo) d. 1508/10

Career: Son of Gian Luigi Fieschi (whose name he assumed after his father’s death) and Luisetta di Rollando Fregoso; brother of Obietto, Giovanni Filippo, Orlando, Anton Maria, Franchetta and Violante; m Caterina del Carretto of Finale (neice of Prospero Adorno). With Obietto, protected by Sixtus in Rome, but took part in Genoese government after the anti-Milanese revolt of 1477, becoming admiral of the republic in 1478. Had a long and active military career.

Refs: An account of the agreement between the Fieschi and the Fregosi, to the extent of a projected marriage alliance between a daughter of F and a son of Battista Fregoso; nevertheless, there remains no trust between them: G G Sforza to Costanzo Sforza, 19 Jan 1481, ASMi, SPE, Genova, 992. Obietto Fieschi attacked [Genoa?], but his troop movements were not coordinated with those of F: G A Vespucci in Rome to the Otto, 1 Apr 1481, Otto, Resp, 1, 112. Obietto Fieschi and F have offered to go to Naples; Ferrante is in favour of this: P F Pandolfini to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 25 Feb 1482, MAP, 51, 44. Battista Fregoso has consulted with F and others and wants an alliance with Milan, though the disputed towns must be handed over by the latter: B Rucellai to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 4 Apr 1482, MAP, 51, 106. Milan is negotiating with Obietto and F as an alternative to allying with the Fregoso regime in Genoa: B Rucellai to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 22 Apr 1482, MAP, 51, 127. Venice agrees to a condotta for F and Obietto to go and help the Rossi: 22 Apr 1482, ASV, Sen Secr 30, 71. Obietto and F were not impressed by the Venetian offer of condotte; better terms are offered: 19 May 1482, ASV, Sen, Secr, 30, 86. Giulio Cataneo, a Milanese emissary, has finally concluded a deal with Obietto and F: G G Sforza to B Castiglioni in Naples, 6 June 1482, ASMi, SPE, Napoli, 239. Relating to F’s prestanza and other matters: G G Sforza to B Castiglioni, 30 Aug 1482, ASMi, SPE, Napoli, 240. Every encouragement should be given to Prospero Adorno, Obietto and F: F Gaddi to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 3 Sept 1482, Sig, X, VIII, 63, 142-5. Ferrante wants Sixtus to persuade Genoa to renew payments to F and his brother Obietto: Ferrante to A Arcamone, 19 Dec 1482, ASMi, SPE, Napoli, 241. So that F and Obietto will serve the League, pay them their provisioni and the 12,000 [ducats] which you used to pay the doge of Genoa [Battista Fregoso] until last May and which was promised to the Fieschi: G G Sforza to the Signoria[?], 27 Jan 1483, Sig, Resp originali, 8, 309. Branda Castiglioni will to speak to Ferrante regarding the Fieschi money: G G Sforza to Ferrante, 27 Jan 1483, ASMi, SPE, Napoli, 241. Venice is taking over the full condotta of Agostino Fregoso, formerly shared with Sixtus, and making renewed offers to F and Obietto of a condotta for 18,000 ducats p a: 25 Feb 1483, ASV, Sen Secr, 30, 168. The terms offered to F and Obietto have been modified at the request of Roberto di Sanseverino’s man; it is now 18,000 ducats p a for two years plus one (instead of for one year only) and then 5,000 ducats p a for life: 3 Mar 1483, ASV, Sen Secr, 31, 2. F, Obietto and Agostino Fregoso concluded condotte with Venice; the Fieschi condotte are still very secret because they still have to detach themselves from Milan: 4 Apr 1483, ASV, Sen Secr, 31, 8. For the new Fieschi condotta Venice is sending 9,000 ducats: Senate to the Venetian ambassador in Genoa, 9 Apr 1483, ASV, Sen Secr, 31, 9-10. Negotiations with Battista Fregoso, Prospero Adorno and F: Z Saggi to F Gonzaga, 26 Dec 1483, ASMa, AG, 1628. The Otto have learned that Sixtus has decided to suspend negotiations with Genoa and deal with the exiles instead; the Otto approve: Otto to G A Vespucci, 15 Jan 1484, Otto, LC, 2, 3-4. Does Ferrante also favour the exiles over the doge?: P Nasi to the Dieci, 23 Jan 1484, Dieci, Resp, 27, 70.

Holds the castle of Motoglio against the wishes of Carlo Fieschi but with the support of Obietto; will be forced to give it up as part of agreement leading to Obietto’s release from captivity: 19 Sept 1484, MAP, 48, 49. Has offered his services to Genoa for the defence of Sarzana: 31 Aug 1484, Dieci, Resp, 32, 102. Nominated by Milan as a raccomandato after the peace of Bagnolo: 4 Oct 1484, Libri commemoriali, V, 289. The victor of Sestri Ponente: B Rucellai to the Dieci, 21 Dec 1485, Dieci, Resp, 33, 73. Is going to move into the house of Benedetto Fieschi: 21 Dec 1484, Dieci, Resp, 33, 69. His letters from Genoa to Simonetto Belplat: 23 Dec 1484, G Lanfredini, Copialettere, BNF, II, V, 15, 190. Florence’s Genoese allies plan to seduce him over to their side; the Dieci approve this plan: 28 Dec 1484, Dieci, Miss, 22, 75. Has a contado in the Regno: 4 Jan 1485, G Lanfredini, Copialettere, BNF, II, V, 15, 195. Ferrante is trying to persuade F to join forces with Battista Fregoso and the Adorni: 8 Jan 1485, G Lanfredini, Copialettere, BNF, II, V, 15, 198. His dealings with Florentines for a possible alliance: Dieci, Resp, 30, 72, 9 Jan 1485. Offers to support the exiles’ attempt on Genoa: 19 Jan 1485, Dieci, Resp, 30, 198. Fears Carlo Fieschi like the plague: 19 Jan 1485, Dieci, Resp, 30, 199. Tells a Neapolitan acquaintance that it was just as well he did not come to see him; F is at his castle at Montobio after having been at Serravale, as it would have made Doge Paolo Fregoso very suspicious and he wants to stay in the latter’s good books: 24 Jan 1485, Dieci, Resp, 33, 231. His refusal to commit himself definitely to the Florentine side: 25 Jan 1485, Dieci, Resp, 30, 267. ------ Spinola and others agree that F is the key figure and that Simonetto Belprat presents the best means to get him on their side: -- Jan 1485, Dieci, Resp, 30, 286. Does not want to go to Genoa: 26 Jan 1485, MAP, 48, 286. Florence may hire him: 28 Jan 1485, MAP, 48, 281. His demands in negotiations with Belprat’s secretary, Luigi de’ Rapoli: 4 Feb 1485, Dieci, Resp, 30, 326. Has gone to Genoa to help Paolo Fregoso, but his wife urges Florence to pursue the impresa: 4 Feb 1485, Dieci, Resp, 30, 327. Is an enemy of Ludovico Sforza: B Rucellai to the Dieci, 7 Feb 1485, Dieci, Resp, 30, 329. Negotiates with a view to overthrowing Paolo Fregoso’s regime: 8 Feb 1485, MAP, 39, 81. His agreement with Florence has finally been made: 15 Feb 1485, Dieci, Resp, 30, 340. Carlo Fieschi has captured F’s castelli of Grondone and Varcho: 19 Feb 1485, Dieci, Resp, 30, 321. Retakes the castello of Grondone: 22 Feb 1485, Dieci, Resp, 30, 353. Ferrante says that he wants an Adorno regime in Genoa and has deprived F of his contado in the Regno for having failed to join the Adorni: 26 Mar 1485, Dieci, Resp, 33, 594. Innocent and Obietto Fieschi want Ferrante to restore F’s contado: 16 Apr 1485, Dieci, Resp, 34, 21. Supports Battista Fregoso in his attempt to get Florentine and Milanese support for an attempt to overthrow Paolo Fregoso’s regime in Genoa: 28 Apr 1486, MAP, 39, 471.

Bibliog: DBI, 47, 458-62

 

Fieschi, Girolamo

Ref: His boat is being used to transport horses from Tunis for Marchese Francesco Gonzaga: 16 Dec 1485, MAP, 40, 174.

 

Fieschi, Luigi

Ref: Vicar of Pietrasanta imprisoned in the castelletto of Genoa because of suspicion that Pietrasanta had been lost through his treachery: 21 Dec 1484, Dieci, Resp, 33, 69.

 

Fieschi, Obietto (Ibleto) 1435-1497

Career: Son of Gian Luigi Fieschi and Luisetta di Rollando Fregoso; brother of Giovanni Filippo, Orlando, Gottardo (Gian Luigi), Anton Maria, Franchetta and Violante; fathered five illegitimate children. Educated at Siena and launched on an ecclesiastical career. An apostolic protonotary who did not allow his status to exclude him from an active military career, including as a Genoese exile intent on ousting the Fregoso doges. The League sought to use this to their advantage durig the War of Ferrara.

Refs: When peace was published some people commented on the clause about the restitution of Milanese lands by F and the Fregosi: F Sacramoro to Bona and G G Sforza, 31 Mar 1480, ASMi, SPE, Firenze, 299. Agostino Fregoso and F have three galleys for which Sixtus has sent: A Ridolfi in Rome to the Otto, 5 July 1480, Otto, Resp, 3, 31-2. F offered to enter Venetian service; Venice cannot employ him now, but will remember his offer: 15 July 1480, ASV, Sen Secr, 29, 129. Mentioned in the text of the League between Naples, Milan, Florence and Ferrara, 25 July 1480, Lettere, V, 297. F has entered Sarzana: G L Bossi and F Sacramoro to Bona and G G Sforza, 20 Sept 1480, ASMi, SPE, Firenze, 300. The Fregosi and Fieschi among Ferrante’s adherents: Bona and G G Sforza to F Sacramoro, 23 Sept 1480, ASMi, cit. Various items relating to the agreement between Doge Battista Fregoso and F: G G Sforza to B Fregoso, 4, 8, 13, 15 Dec 1480, ASMi, SPE, Genova, 992. Sixtus is concerned about Ferrante’s influence in Genoa and has sent Prospero Adorno there; he also believes that Milan is backing F: Milanese ambassadors in Rome to G G Sforza, 12 Dec 1480, ASMi, SPE, Roma, 88. F’s chancellor at Florence is requesting subsidies, claiming that help for F would be in Florence’s interests regarding Sarzana and the Torelli castles: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’E ste, 13 Dec 1480, ASMo, ASE, ambasciatori, Firenze, 2. An account of new conflict between the Fregosi and the Fieschi; fighting on land and sea: Francesco ------ to G G Sforza, 1 Jan 1481, ASMi, SPE, Genova, 992. Another account of relations between the Fregosi and the Fieschi; F fled to Quarto, where he has many adherents: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 5 Jan 1481, ASMo, cit. Prospero Adorno received a letter from F suggesting that Milanese military support could settle affairs in Genoa: Milanese ambassadors in Florence to G G Sforza, 8 Jan 1481, ASMi, SPE, Firenze, 302. Battista Fregoso has given F 4,000 ducats and the Genoese 12,000 lire p a as provisioni: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’E ste, -- Jan 1481, ASMo, cit. An account of the agreement between the Fieschi and the Fregosi, including money for F and a projected marriage alliance between a daughter of Gian Luigi Fieschi and a son of Battista Fregoso; nevertheless, there remains no trust between them: G G Sforza to Costanzo Sforza, 19 Jan 1481, ASMi, SPE, Genova, 992. Agostino Fregoso is very angry with F: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 6 Feb 1481, ASMo, cit. F has written to say that, with a little help, he could enter Genoa and overhtrow the Fregosi: F Sacramoro to G G Sforza, 2 Mar 1481, ASMi, SPE, Firenze, 302. F’s request for Florentine aid to return to Genoa has met with partial favour, but Florence is mindful of Milan’s new alliance with the Fregoso regime in Genoa; the legate in Genoa persuaded F to speak to Sixtus; F just escaped being ambushed by Agostino Fregoso: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 3 Mar 1481, ASMo, cit. Florence gave a temporising answer to F but must consult her allies: F Sacramoro to G G Sforza, 3 Mar 1481, ASMi, cit. Milan is sending an agent to Genoa to help pacify the Fregosi and the Fieschi, to enable the crusading objectives of the league between Milan and Genoa to be realised: G G Sforza to Pier Paolo ‘Pechii’, 17 Mar 1481, ASMi, SPE, Genova, 992. Milan is sending a legate [Pechio?] to Genoa to try to achieve an accord between F and Battista Fregoso: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 23 Mar 1481, ASMo, cit. News arrived in Florence via Lucca of war between the Fieschi and Fregosi; the Spinola have sided with F; Agostino Fregoso is going to meet F: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 25 Mar 1481, ASMo, cit. The Milanese agent’s shuttle diplomacy between the Fieschi and Fregosi; an accord has been negotiated: Pier Paolo ‘ Pegris’ in Genoa to G G Sforza, 26 Mar, 30 Mar, 3 Apr, 4 Apr 1481, ASMi, cit.

F attacked [Genoa?], but his troop movements were not coordinated with those of his brother Gian Luigi Fieschi: G A Vespucci in Rome to the Otto, 1 Apr 1481, Otto, Resp, 1, 112. Various items from or about F; the saga of the Fregosi and Fieschi rumbles on; enter Paolo Ravaschiero: 8, 9, 17 Apr, 12 May, 22 June 1481, ASMi, cit. F has been weakened on land and sea, losing a castle and a galley: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 16 Apr 1481, ASMo, cit. News that the Fregosi have seized Suero from F: F Sacramoro and G A Cotta to G G Sforza, 16 Apr 1481, ASMi, SPE, Firenze, 302. News in Rome that F is in close alliance with the Adorni and Spinola, who would not be doing so if they had not been encouraged by Milan and Naples: Milanese ambassadors in Rome to G G Sforza, 18 Apr 1481, ASMi, SPE, Roma, 89. Sixtus has urged Florence and Milan to persuade Prospero Adorno and F to give up attacks on Genoa, as this is hindering preparation of a crudasing fleet: M Trotti at Matera to G G Sforza, 23 Apr 1481, ASMi, SPE, Napoli, 232. Simonetto Belprat, the Neapolitan ambassador in Genoa, has reported on a new initiative to get a truce between F and the doge: M Trotti to G G Sforza, 24 Apr 1481, ASMi, cit. Belprat has reported on negotiations between F and the doge: P Nasi at Matera to the Otto, 24 Apr 1481, Otto, Resp, 1, 174-5. F has taken some boats with grain and salt meat: T Ridolfi in Milan to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 10 May 1481, MAP, 48, 75. F had to leave ‘Riervi’; the danger of the Fregosi gaining complete control of the Genoese state; F needs infantry; had tried Milan for help, but found them rather cool; Tommaso Ridolfi promised some sort of help from Florence: T Ridolfi to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 19 May 1481, Sig, X, VIII, 4, III, 37-8 and MAP, 38, 184. There has been a brief to Genoa saying that the papal fleet can be used against F to stop him disrupting the peace there; the doge’s chancellor implied that Milan was helping F; this Milan denies: T Ridolfi to the Otto, 21 May 1481, Otto, Resp, 1, 244. Antonio Guesco and others are supporting the Fieschi and Adorni contrary to the league between Milan and Genoa: B Fregoso to G G Sforza, 1 June 1481, ASMi, SPE, Genova, 992. There is a rumour in Rome that Guglielmo Paleologo and 6,000 men are coming to help the Fieschi and Adorni, invited by Milan: Milanese ambassadors in Rome to G G Sforza, 10 June 1481, ASMi, SPE, Roma, 89. Remind F that he appeared to reject Pier Paolo Pechio’s intervention; would F now like Milanese mediation?: instructions of G G Sforza to ser Cristoforo, 22 June 1481, ASMi, SPE, Genova, 992. News of fighting between supporters of F and the Fregosi at Chiavari on 15 June; the Fregosi lost: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 22 June 1481, ASMo, cit. Agents of Prospero Adorno and F visited Tommaso Ridolfi in Milan: T Ridolfi to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 27 June 1481, Sig, X, VIII, 4, III, 51-2 and MAP, 48, 63.

For his outrages against Genoa F has been deprived of his position as protonotary and of his benefices: Milanese ambassadors in Rome to G G Sforza, 2 July 1481, ASMi, SPE, Roma, 89. F has asked Milan to intervene in Genoa, with a whole army or with a smaller force; he claims he could quickly recover the state for/with Milan: G G Sforza to F Sacramoro, 4 July 1481, ASMi, SPE, Genova, 992. Limited progress in favour of the Fieschi and Adorni: T Ridolfi to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 13 July 1481, Sig, X, VIII, 4, 56-8 and MAP, 73, 318. The Fieschi and Adorni have reached the gates of La Spezia, but are in danger of losing Castellaccio, which the Fregosi are besieging: T Ridolfi to the Otto, 13 July 1481, Otto, Resp, 1, 374-6. If Milan helps F, Sixtus and Federico da Montefeltro would rush to the side of the Fregosi; Venice would take advantage of any disorder; Florence is too exhausted to do anything; remember past experiences of F: M Trotti in Barletta to G G Sforza, 16 July 1481, ASMi, SPE, Napoli, 234. Agostino Adorno and F arrived in Milan disguised as Franciscans and told Ludovico Sforza of their needs and hopes; his answer did not satisfy them: T Ridolfi to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 18 July 1481, Sig, X, VIII, 4, 59-60. F asked Milan for 300 infantry; Milan seeks Florence’s advice, bearing in mind Neapolitan interests in Genoa: G G Sforza to F Sacramoro, 18 July 1481, ASMi, SPE, Firenze, 303. Milan approached for help by Agostino Adorno and F; repulsed, on account of Milan’s league with Genoa; instead, Milan offers to mediate: G G Sforza to B Fregoso, 20 July 1481, ASMi, SPE, Genova, 992. Agostino Adorno and F agreed to talks: T Ridolfi to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 20 July 1481, Sig, X, VIII, 4, 60-1. F and Agostino Adorno have been refused assistance by Milan; agreed to negotiations, since Castellaccio as fallen to the Fregosi: T Ridolfi to the Otto, 20 July 1481, Otto, Resp, 1, 378. Filippo Sacramoro has given Lorenzo news about the visit of F and Agostino Adorno, but not the Otto: F Sacramoro to G G Sforza, 22 July 1481, ASMi, SPE, Firenze, 303. From the legate, Cardinal Savelli, Sixtus was under the impression that F had received men-at-arms, archers and infantry from Milan; Savelli admitted that it was probably a deception: Milanese ambassadors at Rome to G G Sforza, 25 July 1481, ASMi, SPE, Roma, 89. F is still in Milan; a reply from Genoa is awaited about an agreement for him; if he leaves without assistance, he may well take desperate action: T Ridolfi to the Otto, 27 July 1481, Sig, X, VIII, 4, 62-3. Genoa is willing to negotiate with F if he surrenders everything he holds; this F refused and paid his 450 infantry for another month: T Ridolfi to the Otto, 28 July 1481, Otto, Resp, 1, 399.

F left Milan today for Chiavari, where his men have beaten off a Fregoso attack: T Ridolfi to the Otto, 2 Aug 1481, Otto, Resp, 1, 410. F has restored Chiavari, Portofino and the rest of the Riviera di Levante to Genoa, for an annual provisione of 12,000 libre genovese; it is evident that Milan has not been supporting F, or he would not have been forced to accept such unfavourable terms: G G Sforza to E d’E ste, 10 Aug 1481, ASMi, SPE, Ferrara, 326; Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 16 Aug 1481, ASMo, cit. Another report of the agreement between F and Doge Battista Fregoso: T Ridolfi to the Otto, 17 Aug 1481, Otto, Resp, 1, 420-1. Antonio Gazzo, Ferrante’s man, had encouraged Milan to support F: T Ridolfi to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 13 Sept 1481, MAP, 38, 320. Roberto di Sanseverino is departing ‘per sfogare lo sdegno preso de repulsa di Mess Obietto’: Ludovico Sforza to Lorenzo de’ Medici, Oct 1481, Capelli, 317-18. Roberto is very close to Pietro dal Verme, F and Gian Luigi Fieschi: Z Saggi to Federico Gonzaga, 12 Dec 1481, ASMa, AG, 1627. F is spending Christmas with Roberto at Castelnuovo: Z Saggi to F Gonzaga, 26 Dec 1481, ASMa, cit. F is raising 1,000 infantry for one month: Z Saggi to F Gonzaga, 2 Jan 1482, ASMa, cit. Ludovico Sforza denied that Ascanio Sforza was in danger of becoming another F, because Milan was not like Genoa: Z Saggi to F Gonzaga, 30 Jan 1482, ASMa, cit.

News that Roberto di Sanseverino had fled in disorder towards Cartagna, which belonged to F: Z Saggi to F Gonzaga, 4 Feb 1482, ASMa, cit; T Ridolfi in Milan to the Otto, 5 Feb 1482, Otto, Resp, 2, 227-8. Roberto and F are sailing to Provence; Roberto’s men are in Fieschi country: A Bracelli in Genoa to G G Sforza, 7 Feb 1482, ASMi, Sez Stor, Autografi, 206, 28. Alfonso d’Aragona advises that F should be persuaded to give up Roberto; will Milan approve?: P F Pandolfini in Naples to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 9 Feb 1482, MAP, 51, 32. Another version of Roberto and F sailing for Provence: T Ridolfi to the Otto, 10 Feb 1482, Otto, Resp, 2, 244-5. F and Gian Luigi Fieschi have offered to go to Naples; Ferrante is in favour of this: P F Pandolfini to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 25 Feb 1482, MAP, 51, 44. Roberto and F are taking part in coordinated military manoeuvres in the Polesine: S Sacramoro to G G Sforza, 19 Apr 1482, ASMi, SPE, Ferrara, 327. Venice agrees to a condotta for F and Gian Luigi Fieschi to go and help the Rossi: 22 Apr 1482, ASV, Sen Secr, 30, 71. Francesco Vernaccia is representing F in Rome, offering F’s services to Sixtus and Venice: Milanese ambassadors in Rome to G G Sforza, 27 Apr 1482, ASMi, SPE, Roma, 91. The Venetian Senate tells Andrea Bragadin to urge F to help Pier Maria de’ Rossi, if he finds him: 18 May 1482, ASV, Sen Secr, 30, 85-6. Gian Luigi Fieschi and F are not impressed by the Venetian offer; better terms for their condotte are offered: 19 May 1482, ASV, Sen, Secr, 30, 86. Ercole d’Este might have heard of the agreement between Milan and F: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 30 May 1482, ASMo, ASE, ambasciatori, Firenze, 3. Giulio Cataneo, a Milanese emissary, has finally concluded a deal with Gian Luigi Fieschi and F: G G Sforza to B Castiglioni in Naples, 6 June 1482, ASMi, SPE, Napoli, 239. The new condotta is for two years, 18,000 --- a year: Otto to B Rucellai, 9 June 1482, ------. Florence is pleased that Venice has signed an agreement with F and will ratify it as soon as they have seen it: Otto to B Rucellai, 13 June 1482, Min, 12, 323-4. The Otto have not yet had time to examine the terms of F’s condotta: Otto to B Rucellai, 15 June 1482, Min, 12, 325. The Senate’s pleasure at news of a papal brief about a cardinal’s hat for F: Senate to [A Loredan], 3 July 1482, ASV, Sen Secr, 30, 99. Florence knows of F’s condotta, having intercepted Andrea Bragadin; now F has signed with Milan and Genoa and still eludes Venice: F Diedo to P M de’ Rossi, 23 July 1482, ASParma, Famiglie: Rossi (1470-1499).

The Otto favour a deal with F to keep the Genoese theatre occupied: Otto to P Capponi, 5 Aug 1482, Min, 12, 449-50. Reinforcement of the Otto’s view that the League should place hopes on Prospero Adorno and F rather than on Genoa: M Sacramoro to G G Sforza, 6 Aug 1482, ASMi, SPE, Firenze, 305. Another version of the argument that Prospero Adorno and F should be cultivated to cause trouble for the regime in Genoa: E d’Este to Antonio da Montecatini, 10 Aug 1482, ASMo, cit. Milan is inciting them against Genoa: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 20 Aug 1482, ASMo, cit. Since ‘we’ last wrote the Genoese have clearly gone over to the enemy; it is important that the Neapolitan fleet remains there to support Prospero Adorno and F: Otto to P Capponi, 21 Aug 1482, Min, 12, 478-9. The Otto repeat their agreement of the terms of a condotta with F: Otto to B Rucellai, 26 Aug 1482, Min, 12, 507. Malatesta Sacramoro questioned the Otto’s commitment to the terms of F’s condotta: M Sacramoro to G G Sforza, 27 Aug 1482, ASMi, cit. F has gone to the Lunigiana to harass the Genoese and stop Agostino Fregoso helping the Rossi: B Rucellai to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 30 Aug 1482, MAP, 51, 185. Doge Battista Fregoso emphasised his vulnerability if other states assisted F: M Sacramoro to G G Sforza, 30 Aug 1482, ASMi, cit. Every encouragement should be given to Prospero Adorno, Gian Luigi Fieschi and F: F Gaddi to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 3 Sept 1482, Sig, X, VIII, 63, 142-5. There is little hope of sending more than 200 infantry to F for the time being: M Sacramoro to G G Sforza, 5 Sept 1482, ASMi, SPE, Firenze, 305. The Neapolitan fleet will probably leave this evening; the captains, Bernardo Villamarina and Galceran de Requesens, have instructions to pick up F: [F Gaddi] to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 5 Sept 1482. Lorenzo wrote to F with a copy of that part of Paolo Ravaschiero’s confession that related to him: 8 Sept 1482, Prot, 205. F left Milan yesterday to go to the frontier between Parma and Genoa: N Michelozzi to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 8 Sept 1482, BNF, GC, 29, 134, 1-2. Milan has paid ‘our’ share of the subvention to F and we shall reply her: Dieci to B Rucellai, 21 Sept 1482, Dieci, LC, 5, 2-4. F’s reply to Lorenzo’s letter of 8 Sept was sent from Marate on 2 Oct 1482: MAP, 38, 496. Amphitrion de Tizano, an ally of Guido de’ Rossi, went with his men to F’s camp at Cavilia: 10 Oct 1482, Cron Lomb, 116. Florence and Naples need F to coordinate action on the Riviera, while Florence takes action at Sarzana: Dieci to B Rucellai, 23? Oct 1482, Dieci, LC, 5, 13-17. 900 of the 1,500 ducats owed by Milan to Lorenzo has been written off as Florence’s share of the money paid to F for his infantry: Dieci to B Rucellai, 2 Dec 1482, Dieci, LC, 5, 40-2. Ferrante wants Sixtus to persuade Genoa to renew payments to F and his brother Gian Luigi: Ferrante to A Arcamone, 19 Dec 1482, ASMi, SPE, Napoli, 241.

So that F and Gian Luigi Fieschi will serve the League, pay them their provisioni and the 12,000 [ducats] which you used to pay the doge of Genoa [B Fregoso] until last May and which was promised to the Fieschi: G G Sforza to Signori, 27 Jan 1483, Sig, Resp originali, 8, 309. Branda Castiglioni will to speak to Ferrante regarding the Fieschi money: G G Sforza to Ferrante, 27 Jan 1483, ASMi, SPE, Napoli, 241. Venice is taking over the full condotta of Agostino Fregoso, formerly shared with Sixtus, and making renewed offers to F and Gian Luigi of a condotta for 18,000 ducats p a: 25 Feb 1483, ASV, Sen Secr, 30, 168. F is being approached again, as Roberto di Sanseverino requested: 25 Feb 1483, ASV, Sen Secr, 30, 168-9. The terms offered to F and Gian Luigi have been modified at the request of Roberto di Sanseverino’s man; it is now 18,000 ducats p a for two years plus one (instead of for one year only) and then 5,000 ducats p a for life: 3 Mar 1483, ASV, Sen Secr, 31, 2. F and Gian Luigi Fieschi and Agostino Fregoso concluded condotte with Venice; the Fieschi condotte are still very secret because they still have to detach themselves from Milan: 4 Apr 1483, ASV, Sen Secr, 31, 8. For the new Fieschi condotta Venice is sending 9,000 ducats: Senate to G F Pasqualigo in Genoa, 9 Apr 1483, ASV, Sen Secr, 31, 9-10. Money has been sent for the new condotte; there are already signs of the Fieschi helping Guido de’ Rossi: Senate to G F Pasqualigo in Genoa, 19 Apr 1483, ASV, Sen Secr, 31, 11-12. When Branda Castiglioni asked Antonello Petrucci about prestanze for Marco Pio and F, Petrucci said it would be done: B Castiglioni to G G Sforza, 25 Apr 1483, ASMi, SPE, Napoli, 241. Discussion of the rumoured deal between F and Venice: B Rucellai to the Dieci, 29 May 1483, Dieci, Resp, 27, 373. Ludovico Sforza imprisoned F at Pavia for a while: June 1483, Sanudo, Vite dei dogi, II, 362. Prospero Adorno wrote that with the help of a few galleys and infantry he could easily take Genoa; Anello Arcamone is to supervise this: G A Vespucci in Rome to the Dieci, 13 June 1483, Dieci, Resp, 28, 27. The Otto have learned that Sixtus has decided to suspend negotiations with Genoa and deal with the exiles instead; the Otto approve of this: Otto to G A Vespucci, 15 Jan 1484, Otto, LC, 2, 3-4. Does Ferrante also favour the exiles over the doge?: P Nasi to the Dieci, 23 Jan 1484, Dieci, Resp, 27, 70. F and the negotitaions at Bagnolo: N Michelozzi to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 24 July 1484, C Strozz, I, III, 107-8.

Innocent requests that Ludovico Sforza release F: ASVat, Arm XXXIX, 18, 30. Innocent is pressing Ludovico for F’s liberation; he is holding some of Pallavicino Pallavicini’s castles: 14 Sept 1484, MAP 48, 46. Will be released from prison and has promised Carlo Fieschi to restore to him the castle of Motoglio: 19 Sept 1484, MAP, 48, 49. Arrived in Rome disguised, in the company of Neri Acciaiuoli, and was visited by Innocent: 21 Nov 1484, Dieci, Resp, 32, 409. Declares to Guidantonio Vespucci that he had been Lorenzo’s enemy but is now his friend; is owed 1,000 ducats by Florence; Vespucci thinks that he is after a cardinal’s hat; Neri Acciaiuoli has a lot of influence with him: 9 Jan 1485, MAP, 39, 216. A letter sent by a Grimaldi from Genoa says that the Gatteschi [followers of Gian Luigi Fieschi?] are angry that F is letting himself be led along by talk of cardinal’s hat and the abbey of S Stefano: no date, MAP, 51, 294. Guidantonio Vespucci describes F as very treacherous: 30 Jan 1485, MAP, 39, 243. Discusses his possible overthrow of the Genoese regime with Vespucci and Anello Arcamone: 8 Feb 1485, MAP, 39, 81. Francesco Gaddi’s negotiations with him: Lorenzo de’ Medici to N Michelozzi, 26 Mar 1485, Lettere, VIII, 146. Wants Ferrante to restore to Gian Luigi Fieschi to his contado in the Regno: 16 Apr 1485, Dieci, Resp, 34, 21. The Dieci want to know what his movements are now that there is a question of an attack on Siena, with Roberto di Sanseverino helping the exiles: 16 Apr 1485, Dieci, Resp, 34, 27. Guidantonio Vespucci thinks that F is acting as middleman in negotiations between Roberto and the Sienese exiles: 22 Apr 1485, Dieci, Resp, 34, 52. An enemy of Ferrante who has the government of Rome in his hands: 20 Aug 1485, G Lanfredini, Copialettere, BNF, II, V, 18, 48. With one of Roberto di Sanseverino’s sons, went to persuade Roberto to back the barons’ revolt: 15 Sept 1485, ASMi, SPE, Roma, 98.

Bibliog: DBI, 47, 482-6

 

Fieschi, Polo

Ref: Involved in negotiations with Guido Mannelli for the hiring of Gian Luigi Fieschi: 25 Feb 1485, MAP, 48, 294.

 

Fieschi, Urbano

Career: Bishop of Fréjus, 1487---.

Ref: Is to be sent to France to counter Venetian moves to incite the regents support a council: G A Vespucci in Rome to the Dieci, 16 June 1483, Dieci, Resp, 28, 36-7. Appointed proposto alla Camera by Innocent; on his authority a bull was issued transferring to himself all the administration and authority of the camerlengo, thereby taking them from Cardinal Riario-Sansoni: 25 Sept 1484, Dieci, Resp, 32, 213. Involved in the plot which resulted in the fall of Roberto di Sanseverino in Milan; F sought an alliance between Innocent, Genoa and Venice: G A Vespucci to the Dieci, 20 Aug 1485, Dieci, Resp, 34, 325; Lettere, VIII, 247.

 

Filelfo, Francesco 1398-1481

Career: The irrascible humanist whose itinerant career included periods in Florence from 1429 to 1434 and, very briefly, in 1481.

Ref: Lorenzo’s expression of support for the family of the lately deceased F: Lorenzo de’ Medici to B Calco in Milan, 4 Sept 1481, Lettere, VI, 48-50. The Sforziad has been written and illuminated, but has still to be bound: 28 May 1485, MAP, 51, 311.

Bibliog: DBI, 47, 613-31

 

Filippino (da Cremona?)

Ref: Ludovico Sforza sends him to encourage Ferrante; he used to work in the royal chancery: 26 Feb 1486, Dieci, Resp, 33, 407.

 

Filippino da Lodi

Ref: Milanese emissary to Naples: 14 Mar 1486, Dieci, Miss, 6, 31-2.

 

Filippo, ser

Ref: ‘Ser Filippo che stette con Piero vostro è stato qui per il Conte [Riario] et per questa cosa’: P F Pandolfini in Naples to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 26 Nov 1481, MAP, 51, 53.

 

Filippo, ser

Ref: One of Nicola Orsini’s chancellors: Lorenzo de’ Medici to J Guicciardini in Ferrara, 29 Apr 1483, Lettere, VII, 258.

 

Filippo, monsignore

Ref: Innocent claims that the Genoese have hired him: 18 Sept 1484, Dieci, Resp, 32, 181.

 

Filippo di Biagio

Ref: With Luca Chiavacci, has been declared a rebel by the Bolognese; recommended to the Dieci by Roberto Ridolfi, podestà of Pistoia: 12 Mar 1485, Dieci, Resp, 30, 456.

 

Filippo da Gagliano

Refs: Andrea Bartolini has paid F some money: A Bartolini to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 11 Sept 1484, MAP, 48, 260. Brings Lorenzo Spinelli’s letter to Lorenzo: 23 Feb 1485, MAP, 39, 91. Niccolò Michelozzi is to liaise with F to ensure that the ring for the baptism of Galeotto Manfredi’s son is a beautiful one: Lorenzo de’ Medici to N Michelozzi, 19 Apr 1485, Lettere, VIII, 172. Camerarius of the Dieci: 30 Apr 1485, Dieci, Delib, 30, 130. Niccolò Michelozzi is to check with F regarding the names of those who are obliging themselves for payment of money in Milan: Lorenzo de’ Medici to N Michelozzi, 7 May 1486, Lettere, IX, 275.

 

Filippo Lombardo

Ref: An otherwise unidentifiable ‘friend’ of Lorenzo: Lorenzo de’ Medici to A Salviati, 5 May 1485, Lettere, VIII, 190.

 

Filippo del maestro Mariotto

Refs: Niccolò Michelozzi is to see that F and ‘Francesco’ get in touch with ‘don Guido’: Lorenzo de’ Medici to N Michelozzi, 5 Sept 1485, Lettere, VIII, 250. Will show Jacopo Guicciardini that the Beaqui owe the Lyon branch of the Medici bank 1,100 ducats: Lorenzo de’ Medici to J Guicciardini in Milan, 27 July 1486, Lettere, IX, 392.

 

Filippo di Meccho da Sant’Angelo

Ref: Appeal on behalf of F, an exile in Pistoia: Lorenzo de’ Medici to the Signoria of Lucca, 26 Jan 1482, Lettere, VI, 235.

 

Filippo da Nola

Refs: Squadrero for Roberto di Sanseverino: 8 Sept 1485, MAP, 45, 342. Roberto writes to Benedetto Dei regarding his desire that F be paid 500 more ducats: 8 Sept 1485, C Strozz, 1a ser, III, 115. Roberto wants 500 more ducats paid to him: Lorenzo de’ Medici to N Michelozzi, 16 Sept 1485, Lettere, VIII, 280.

 

Filippo da Pontecorvo

Ref: Notary who drew up the peace treaty between Sixtus and the League, 12 Dec 1482: Lettere, VII, 497-8.

 

Filippo da Portico

Ref: Infantry constable serving Florence in the Pietrasanta war: 24 Feb 1485, Dieci, Miss, 23, 47.

 

Filippo da Sicilia

Ref: ‘singular homo in filosofia et theologia’; Neapolitan ambassador to the Council of Basel: F Gaddi in Naples to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 28 Sept 1482, Sig, X, VIII, 63, 158-9.

 

Fiorino, Francesco (Francesco ‘fiorentino’)

Refs: Emissary of Marchese Francesco Gonzaga sent to Spain to buy horses: Lorenzo de’ Medici to F Gonzaga, 21 Mar 1485, Lettere, VIII, 133. Federico Gonzaga’s cavalcatore, will visit Lorenzo on his way to Sicily to buy horses: 27 Sept 1485, ASMa, AG, 2901. Florentine merchants paid him 1,060 ducats in Spain in the name of Medici bank and of Federico Gonzaga and are now putting pressure on the bank for repayment; in turn, Lorenzo puts pressure on Gonzaga: Lorenzo de’ Medici to F Gonzaga, 30 Apr 1486, Lettere, IX, 264.

 

Floriano, don

Ref: Abbot of the Florentine Badia for whom the Otto request safe passage from Virginio Orsini: 23 Dec 1485, Otto, Miss, 4, 83-4.

 

Foix, Pierre de, cardinal 1449-1490

Career: Son of Gaston IV de Foix and Leonor, princess of Navarre. Viceroy of Navarre for his nephew François-Phoebus and niece Catherine, 1480-4. Bishop of Aire, 1475-84; archbishop of Auch, 14-----; bishop of Vannes, 1476-90; cardinal, 1476; bishop of Bayonne, 1484-90.

Refs: A man of highest repute, he is in Paris to settle differences between his brother, Jean de Foix, vicomte de Narbonne, and Alain d’Albret regarding the kingdom of Navarre: Dieci, Resp, 32, 45, 17 Aug 1484.

Bibliog: DBF, 14, 208-9

 

Folchi, Simone

Ref: Correspondent of Lorenzo de’ Medici, possibly in Milan: Prot, 105; Lettere, V, 25

 

Fontana, Francesco c. 1435-1504

Career: Nipote of Cardinal Rangoni, through whom he entered the service of Matthias Corvinus of Hungary, as doctor and diplomat. From 1475 he was sent on many missions to Italy, including Naples in 1480 and Ferrara and Milan during the War of Ferrara.

Refs: On behalf of Matthias Corvinus, signatory to the league between Sixtus, Naples, Milan and Florence, 13 Mar 1480: Lettere, V, 289. One of the orators with the Hungarian troops at the siege of Otranto: M Trotti in Barletta to G G Sforza, 14 June 1481, ASMi, SPE, Napoli, 233. One of the Neapolitan orators sent to ask Matthias Corvinus to join the League against Venice: Otto to D Giugni, 12 Apr 1482, Min, 12, 200. Ambassador of Matthias Corvinus, arrived in Naples today; says he will soon go to Rome: B Castiglioni in Naples to G G Sforza, 7 Jan 1483, ASMi, SPE, Napoli, 241. Says Ferrante should discuss peace for Hungary with the Turkish ambassador, who has just arrived: B Castiglioni to G G Sforza, 17 Apr 1483, ASMi, SPE, Napoli, 241. Has arrived in Florence from Naples; is returning to Hungary(?): Otto to B Buongirolami, 18 Mar 1484, Otto, LC, 3, 34-5. Arrived in Ferrara, 23 Mar 1484: Zambotti, 152. Arrived in Milan today: Z Saggi to Federico Gonzaga, 6 Apr 1484, ASMa, AG, 1628. Alfonso d’A ragona, writing from Cremona on 6 Apr 1484, asks Gian Galeazzo Sforza to take advantage of F’s presence in Milan by urging Matthias to come to an agreement with the emperor: Pontano, 255-6. Ferrante sent F back to Hungary to say that, if Matthias had made peace with emperor, he could now attack Venice; told him to consult Sixtus, Florence and Milan on the way; has now been told to wait in Milan for the outcome of the peace negotiations: Z Saggi to F Gonzaga, 10 Apr 1484, ASMa, AG, 1628. Is leaving Milan; does not want to wait any longer: Z Saggi to F Gonzaga, 11 Apr 1484, ASMa, AG, 1628.

Bibliog: DBI, 48, 649-51

 

Forbin, Palamède de d. 1508

Career: Seigneur de Soliers; first minister of René I and Charles II of Anjou. On the death of Charles in Dec 1481, F entered Louis XI’s service, became governor of Provence and the dominant figure in the government of south-east France. In Florence, May 1482. After the king’s death, accused of malversation.

Refs: Lieutenant-general with full powers in Provence: F Gaddi to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 11 Jan 1482, MAP, 38, 75. By means of F, Lorenzo sent to Louis XI a ring of St Zenobius (d 417), patron saint of Florence: Louis XI to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 5 May 1482, MAP, 45, 67; Lettere, VII, 195.

 

Formiconi, Giovanni di Simone b. c. 1449

Career: 1480 Catasto: sostanze 1,101 fl.

Ref: Presented to the Otto a letter from Costanzo Sforza dated 26 May, asking them to pay him the 400 ducats Costanzo owed him out of Costanzo’s pay for the next four months; this money was apparently owed for saltpetre which F purchased for Costanzo and for Florence at Naples; now Florence says she no longer wants any: 26 June 1481, Otto ------.

 

Fortebracci, Bernardino di Carlo c. 1441-1532

Career: Grandson of the famous condottiere Braccio da Montone. A senior commander in the Venetian army, including in the attack on Ficarolo in 1482. Still active during the Italian Wars.

Ref: The league of 13 Mar 1480 identified F and Deifobo dell’Anguillara as disturbers of the peace and called for their expulsion from the territories of all the signatories: Lettere V, 10 and 283. Like Deifobo dell’Anguillara and Giovanni Antonio Caldora, F is open to offers from the League: Otto to B Rucellai, 15 June 1482, Min, 12, 325. Mentioned in the peace treaty of 12 Dec 1482 between Sixtus and the League: Lettere, VII, 491-2.

Bibliog: DBI, 49, 127-33

 

Foscari, Nicolò 1447-1490

Career: Relatively modest in political terms.

Ref: Venetian elected to investigate the confines of the Polesine: Sen Secr, 32, 93, 21 Sept 1484.

Bibliog: DBI, 49, 335-6

 

Foscari, Pietro, cardinal c. 1430-1485

Career: Appointed primicerio of S Marco, Venice, 1447, by his uncle, Doge Francesco Foscari; cardinal, 1477; bishop of Padua, 1481. Negotoiated the papal-Venetian alliance of 1480.

Ref: In Feb 1479, authorised by Venice to approach Girolamo Riario regarding a papal-Venetian alliance: Lettere, V, 11. Lorenzo is sceptical of significant results from F’s Roman negotiations: F Sacramoro to the dukes of Milan, 19 Apr 1480, ASMi, SPE, Firenze, 299. Venice wanted to avoid war in the Romagna, so F is told to recommend prudence to Sixtus: 25 May 1480, ASV, Sen Secr, 29, 115. Zaccaria Barbaro and F argue in Rome that Venice is too financially exhausted by war with the Ottomans to participate in the Otranto campaign: B Bendedei to E d’E ste, 18 Aug 1480, ASMo, ASE, ambasciatori, Roma; Lettere, V, 52. In correspondence with Venice regarding Federico da Montefeltro: ASV, Dieci, Misti, 20, 135. Lorenzo has no faith in F’s return to Rome to defend Venice’s position in the Polesine: Lorenzo de’ Medici to J Guicciardini in Ferrara, 26 May 1483, Lettere, VII, 273-4. F’s proposal that Venice retain territory gained while she was in alliance with Sixtus: G A Vespucci to the Dieci, 18 Oct 1483, Dieci, Resp, 29, 241. F’s peace initiatives: instructions for N Michelozzi as ambassador to Milan, Lettere, VII, 320. Venice orders him to block any attempt by Pope Innocent to suspend the interdict: Sen Secr, 32, 98, 5 Oct 1484; Lettere, VIII, 59. His death reported: ASMi, SPE, Roma, 3 Sept 1485.

Bibliog: DBI, 49, 341-4; M L King, Venetian humanism in an age of patrician dominance, Princeton, 1986, 373-4

 

Fosdenovo, Gabriello

Refs: Asks to be recommended to Lorenzo: G Fosdenovo to B Rucellai, 23 Aug 1484, MAP, 48, 261. Request for help regarding F: B Rucellai to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 30 Dec 1484, MAP, 48, 278. His lands in the Veronese, worth 40.000 ducats, were confiscated by Venice because he was rebel; he got them back on the condition that he would not sell or contractare them; to be free of this condition he has been told to marry his son, who is at the Sforza court, to Guido de’ Rossi’s daughter: 20 May 1485, Otto, Miss, 3, 139-40.

 

Fracassa, see Sanseverino, Gaspare di Roberto di

 

Franceschi, Tommaso

Refs: Captain and commissioner in Livorno: ------, Dieci, Resp, 30, 19. Military and administrative officer during the war: 21 Jan 1485, Dieci, Miss, 23, 15.

 

Francesco

Ref: Niccolò Michelozzi is to see that F and ‘Filippo’ get in touch with ‘don Guido’: Lorenzo de’ Medici to N Michelozzi, 5 Sept 1485, Lettere, VIII, 250.

 

Francesco

Ref: Brother of ‘messer Angelo’ in Florence to whom he reports on French matters: 10 May 1486, MAP, 39, 482.

 

Francesco

Ref: Cantor at the Milanese court; Lorenzo is trying to attract him to Florence: 7 Aug 1486, MAP, 39, 537.

 

Francesco, don [possibly two men of the same name]

Refs: Will go to Rome with other ambassadors: 5 Nov 1484, G Lanfredini, Copialettere, BNF, II, V, 15, 169-70. His various offers to Giovanni Lanfredini for serving Florence with his ships: 30 Nov 1485, G Lanfredini, Copialettere, BNF, II, V, 18, 124-5.

 

Francesco, messer

Ref: Podestà of Florence recommended for a second term as podestà of Siena: G Cecchini to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 12 Sept 1485, MAP, 26, 434.

 

Francesco, messer

Refs: A canon of Volterra involved in the Contughi plot to seize that place: 15 Dec 1484, MAP, 39, 404. Escorted under guard with ‘messer Thomme’ to Galuzzo: 12 Jan 1485, Dieci, Resp, 30, 133.

 

Francesco, ser

Refs: Emissary from Genoa to Bernardo Rucellai: 13 Jan 1485, MAP, 48, 288. Sends Lorenzo a summary of public decisions: 25 Mar 1484 [1485?], MAP, 39, 74.

 

Francesco d’Aragona, fra

Career: One of Ferrante’s closest advisers.

Refs: F’s ‘ricordo’ on the problem of Sarzana: Lorenzo de’ Medici to P F Pandolfini in Naples, 12 Dec 1481, Lettere, VI, 141; P F Pandolfini to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 31 Dec 1481, MAP, 51, 74. Goes to visit Innocent against Ferrante’s will: 15 Sept 1484, G Lanfredini, Copialettere, BNF, II, V, 15, 137. His desire to come and preach in Florence;Ferrante has great faith in him and all the barons, including the princes of Salerno, Altamura and Bisignano, and the duke of Amalfi, frequent him; gave up the title of count in Aragon to become a friar: 14 Nov 1484, G Lanfredini, Copialettere, BNF, II, V, 15, 175. Preached in S Francesco della Vigna, Venice: 6 Feb 1485, ASV, Sen Secr, 32, 129. His report to Ferrante regarding Lorenzo’s affairs; the great fede that he enjoys at court: 27 June 1485, G Lanfredini, Copialettere, BNF, II, V, 18, 24. F is well pleased with Lorenzo’s letter to him: 4 Aug 1485, G Lanfredini, Copialettere, BNF, II, V, 18. On a mission to Salerno for Ferrante to settle his differences with the prince of the same: 7 Aug 1485, G Lanfredini, Copialettere, BNF, II, V, 18, 37. Is coming to see Lorenzo: 20 Oct 1485, MAP, 20, 561.

 

Francesco di Bettino

Refs: Florentine merchant(?) robbed near Parma by Amoratto Torelli while on his way from Lyon: Otto to B Rucellai in Milan, 26 May 1482, Min, 11, 417-18; Otto to N Cambi in the Lunigiana, 28 May 1482, Otto, Miss, 3, 59.

 

Francesco di Capua

Career: Count of Altavilla.

Refs: Replaces the prince of Bisignano as Neapolitan ambassador to the pope: 16 Sept 1484, G Lanfredini, Copialettere, BNF, II, V, 15, 144. Is replaced on the Rome embassy by the count of Marchone, son of the count of Fondi: 17 Nov 1484, Dieci, Resp, 32, 404. One of the Neapolitan ambassadors entering Rome: 18 Nov 1484, C Strozz, III, 133, 126.

 

Francesco di Carlo

Refs: The gonfalonier, captain and priors of Poggibonsi send F as emissary to the Dieci in Florence regarding communal expenditure: 24 Jan 1485, Dieci, Resp, 30, 258.

 

Francesco da Casate

Refs: Is to be sent by Milan to negotiate the new Manfredi condotta: Dieci to P F Pandolfini, 5 Apr 1483, Dieci, LC, 5, 146-7. At Cesena on 28 May; then went to Città di Castello to hasten Giovan Francesco da Tolentino: Otto to B Biringhucci, 31 May 1484, Otto, LC, 3, 66. A possible military leader for the Feltreschi troops: 2 June 1484, Otto, Miss, 3, 67-8. Is going to Rome to be there before the papal election: 24 Aug 1484, MAP, 48, 31. Sends off a staffetta to Milan: 29 Aug 1484, MAP, 39, 302.

 

Francesco da Castello

Ref: Provides an escort for some carriaggi of Virginio Orsini: 14 Aug 1484, Dieci, Resp, 32, 35.

 

Francesco fiorentino

Refs: With ‘maestro Zannino menescalcho’, Federico Gonzaga’s agent for the purchase of horses in Sicily: Lettere, VIII, 268. In Spain to buy horses: Lorenzo de’ Medici to F Gonzaga, 30 Apr 1486, Lettere, IX, 264.

 

Francesco di Giovanni

Ref: Priest and representative of Taddeo Gaddi who is coming to see Andrea Cambini in Siena: 8 June 1486, Dieci, Miss, 7, 51.

 

Francesco da Giudecca

Refs: Venetian secretary at the Bagnolo negotiations: 7 Aug 1484, Sen Secr, 32, 76. Mentioned in the text of the peace of Bagnolo: Lettere, VII, 515. Secretary to the Venetian provveditori: 20 Aug 1484, Dieci, Resp, 32, 53.

 

Francesco da Iesi

Refs: Head of the city of Iesi who offers to make it rebel against Innocent for the benefit of the League; is allied with Castrocane da Montelione and Boccolino da Osimo: 27 Feb 1486, Dieci, Miss, 6, 21-3. Stefano Taverna has talked to F about Milan’s contribution: 5 Apr 1486, Otto, Miss, 4, 160-1. Spoke in Florence with two members of the Otto, with Marino [Tomacelli?], Stefano Taverna, Troiano Mormile and Magrino (brother of Castracano) regarding strategy: 7 Apr 1486, Otto, Miss, 4, 164-5. Alfonso d’Aragona sends Troiano Mormile to Florence to conclude his condotta: 13 Apr 1486, MAP, 45, 245.

 

Francesco di Jacopo

Ref: Sent by Piero Marchionne Ubaldini from Pietrasanta to get cash: 24 Jan 1485, Dieci, Resp, 30, 254.

 

Francesco di Ludovico da Castrocaro

Ref: A friend of Bernardo del Nero, invited to Montedoglio, 13 Oct 1482: Lettere, V, 98.

 

Francesco di Magrino

Refs: Brother of Castrocane, in Florence to discuss the pratica of Osimo and Iesi: 7 Apr 1486, Lettere varie, 11, 1a parte, 89. Spoke in Florence about the war effort with Francesco da Iesi, Marino [Tomacelli?], Stefano Taverna, Troiano Mormile, and two members of the Otto: 7 Apr 1486, Otto, Miss, 4, 164-5. A soldier in the employ of Florence, who is being sent to Piombino: 28 Apr 1486, Dieci, Miss, 7, 7-8.

 

Francesco di Matteo (orafo)

Career: An artistic adviser and agent of Lorenzo de’ Medici. In Pisa, Aug 1472, Nov 1472, Nov 1473, Sept 1477. Provveditore in Fivizzano, Jan 1479.

Refs: A member of the commission of maestri sent to inspect and advise on the fortifications of Poggibonsi, including Poggio Imperiale: L Guicciardini to the Otto, 10 Apr 1481, Otto, Resp, 1, 135. Is to be given instructions to get things ready to go to Lorenzo’s villas: Lorenzo de’ Medici at Levane to N Michelozzi, 26 Apr 1482, Lettere, VI, 340. Informed Lorenzothat the Pisans are not all agreed about tax: Lorenzo de’ Medici at Bagno a Morbo to N Michelozzi, 18 Apr 1485, Lettere, VIII, 167. Is leaving tomorrow; Lorenzo has told him his view regarding the benefice of the Giandonati piovano: Lorenzo de’ Medici at Bagno a Morbo to N Michelozzi, 19 Apr 1485, Lettere, VIII, 172-3. Niccolò Michelozzi is to urge F to get on with Lorenzo’s camera: Lorenzo de’ Medici at Bagno a S Filippo to N Michelozzi, 11 Sept 1485, Lettere, VIII, 267; Lorenzo de’ Medici at Bagno a S Filippo to N Michelozzi, 16 Sept 1485, Lettere, VIII, 280.

 

Francesco da Montefalco

Ref: Podestà of Siena; recommended by Ricco Ricchi for the post of podestà of Florence: 30 Sept 1484, MAP, 39, 340.

 

Francesco da Noceto

Refs: F, the bearer, is Sixtus and Girolamo Riario’s emissary for the purpose of which the Otto know: G A Vespucci in Rome to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 20 Mar 1481, MAP, 36, 12. F is bringing two papal bulls and three briefs and a mandate to negotiate the day on which they want to hand over the five galleys; they have to pay F thirty ducats in fees for writing the bulls etc; F has been immensely helpful and behaved in a very friendly manner: G A Vespucci to the Otto, 20 Mar 1481, Otto, Resp, 2, 295. The Otto have received the copy of the bull of absolution and the papal note authorising them to raise 6,000 ducats [from the clergy?] and are waiting for F to put this business into effect: Otto to G A Vespucci, 22 Mar 1481, Min, 11, 141-2. F has arrived and we are negotiating: Otto to T Ridolfi in Milan, 30 Mar 1481, Min, 11, 293. The Otto announce that an agreement has been reached with F; the galleys are to be ready by 15 May; there was some difficulty over the archbishopric of Pisa; whereas Florence wanted him to take it over immediately, he preferred to defer and exact a guarantee from Florence instead, which the Otto thought unnecessary: Otto to G A Vespucci, 4 Apr 1481, Min, 11, 296. Delay over a minor matter about which F had to write to Rome: Otto to T Ridolfi, 7 Apr 1481, Min, 11, 299. Apparently, F informed Lorenzo of how concerned Girolamo Riario and everyone at Rome thought about the Pazzi: G Riario to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 7 Apr 1481, MAP, 38, 130. Riario was displeased at F’s report from Florence and instructed him to insist on the five galleys being ready by 15 May, the immediate possession of the archbishopric of Pisa and an acknowledgement of the bulls and brief; Riario was touchy about the last because it had been agreed that Florence would not pay the 15,000 ducats until she had received and ackowledged the bulls: G A Vespucci to the Otto, 7 Apr 1481, Otto, Resp, 1 123. F went, with the Signoria’s blessing, to take over the archbishopric of Pisa: Signoria to the Captain of Pisa, 12 Apr 1481, Sig, Miss 2a Canc, 10, 25. The Otto announced the conclusion of everything with F; they had received from him both the bull of absolution and that for the archbishopric of Pisa, and therefore authorised Guidantonio Vespucci to pay the 15,000 ducats at Rome: Otto to G A Vespucci, 12 Apr 1481, Min, 11, 303. F seemed pleased with the five galleys, which were dispatched on time, but he did not give a receipt for them: Otto to G A Vespucci, 19 May 1481, Min, 11, 327-8. Apparently, F gave Florence a papal brief allowing her to keep half of the 6,000-florin tax on the clergy: Otto to G A Vespucci, 31 May 1481, Min, 11, 357. As secretary of Cardinal Riario-Sansoni, F told Lorenzo Lanti of Sixtus’s plans to send Girolamo Riario against the Florentines and request passage etc from Siena: L Lanti to the Balia of Siena, 12 Oct 1482, ASS, Balia, 506, 14. Complained to Guidantonio Vespucci that Florentine subjects had joined Niccolò Vitelli; the Dieci reply he should not listen to every rumour: Dieci to G A Vespucci, 23 Sept 1483, Dieci, LC, 5, 434-6. Sixtus is sending F to Genoa: Dieci to G A Vespucci, 15 Dec 1483, Dieci, LC, 5, 335. Cardinal Riario-Sansoni gives church of S Stefano to F’s brother: 9 Sept 1484, MAP, 39, 319.

 

Francesco di Pagno

Ref: Condottiere considered unimpressive by Lorenzo: 3 Nov 1484, Dieci, Resp, 32, 377.

 

Francesco da Portovenere

Ref: Lorenzo’s spy sent to Genoa: 10 Dec 1484, Dieci, Resp, 33, 31.

 

Francesco da Sassatello

Ref: An emissary from Girolamo Riario to Lorenzo, Nov 1481: F Sacramoro to G G Sforza, 20 Nov 1481, ASMi, SPE, Firenze, 303.

 

Francesco da Tagliacozzo

Ref: Regarding lands seized by Ferrante from F’s sons: 23 July 1485, G Lanfredini, Copialettere, BNF, II, V, 18, 33.

 

Francesco da Urbino

Ref: Sent by Federico da Montefeltro to Galeotto Manfredi to seek permission for Girolamo Riario to cross his territory: A d’Appiano to G G Sforza, 13 July 1481, ASMi, SPE, Romagna, 192.

 

Francesco di Sandro ‘da Laia’ ('Fottino')

Refs: Florentine corsair who captured Paolo Ravaschiero on his way from Rome to Genoa: Otto to B Gianfigliazzi, 23 Aug 1482, Min, 12, 487-8. An appeal on behalf of F: Lorenzo de’ Medici to F Cambini in Pisa, 2 May 1484, Lettere, VII, 398-9. Instruction to keep closer watch on F: Lorenzo de’ Medici to F Cambini in Pisa, 27 Aug 1485, Lettere, VIII, 238-9.

 

Franceschotto

Ref: A citizen of Sarzana getting information on Florentine movements from Jacopo Ambrogio da Ponzana: 12 Apr 1486, Dieci, Miss, 6, 42-3.

 

Francione

Refs: Military architect involved in the fortification of Poggio Imperiale: L Guicciardini to the Otto, 10 Apr 1481, Otto, Resp, 1, 135. His letter to Lorenzo regarding the needs of the campaign: 19 Jan 1485, MAP, 39, 66.

 

Franciotti, Giovan Francesco b. 1456

Refs: Brother-in-law of Giuliano della Rovere; depositary general: 30 Aug 1484, MAP, 39, 306. Innocent removes him from the office of depositary general and gives it to a Genoese, his son-in-law: 6 Sept 1484, MAP, 39, 311. Genoa’s man in Rome: 15 Sept 1484, Dieci, Resp, 32, 164.

Bibliog: DBI, 50, 160-2

 

Franco, Niccolò d. 1499

Career: Bishop of Parenzo, 1477-85; bishop of Treviso, 1485-99.

Refs: Is going to Venice as papal ambassador: 21 Nov 1485, MAP, 124, 9. Maestro di casa of Cardinal Giuliano della Rovere on secret mission to Venice for Innocent: 26 Nov 1485, Otto, Miss, 3, 180-3. Offers l’A quilà and Cesena to Venice in return for helping Innocent to pay Roberto di Sanseverino: 9 Jan 1486, MAP, 26, 313. His instructions from Innocent intercepted by the League: 22 Mar 1486, Otto, Miss, 4, 148-9.

Bibliog: DBI, 50, 197-202

 

Frangipani, Bernardino

Refs: Count of Segna; with his brothers Giovanni and Stefano, wants to change sides from Venice to the League and help Ferrara: Dieci to G A Vespucci, 8 Nov 1483, ------. B and his brothers are dissatisfied with the Venetians because their lands have been occupied; they are related to the Estensi: Dieci to G A Vespucci, 13 Nov 1483, Dieci, LC, 5, 451-3. The Dieci agree that the offers of B and his brothers should be taken up: Dieci to J Guicciardini 13 Nov 1483, Dieci, LC, 5, 308.

 

Frangipani, Giovanni d. 1486

Career: Bishop of Bisignano, 1449-86.

Refs: Ferrante has written urging him to leave for Basel without delay: B Castiglioni to G G Sforza, 2 Sept 1482, ASMi, SPE, Napoli, 240. Together with Antonio de Agello, archbishop of Bari, and Filippo da Sicilia, he was one of the Neapolitan representatives to the Council of Basel: F Gaddi to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 28 Sept 1482, Sig, X, VIII, 63, 158-9.

 

Franzin di Pao

Ref: A captain in the Neapolitan fleet under Bernardo Villamarina: 22 Dec 1484, Dieci, Miss, 22, 61.

 

Frederick III of Habsburg, emperor (Friedrich) 1415-1493

Career: Archduke of Austria elected to the imperial throne in 1440, but not crowned until 1452.

Ref: Nominated as a collegato and confederate of Venice after the peace of Bagnolo: 22 Oct 1484, Libri commemoriali, V, 291.

 

Fregoso, Agostino (Campofregoso) 1442-1487

Career: Son of Ludovico Fregoso and Ginevra Gattilusio; son-in-law of Federico da Montefeltro. With his father, occupied Sarzana, their former fief, in 1479, after the territory had been sold to Florence in 1468; Florence sought to recover it. Favoured Venice in the War of Ferrara in order to support the Rossi against Milan. Served Innocent VIII during the Barons’ War, but was captured and died in prison.

Refs: With Obietto Fieschi, mentioned in the League signed between Naples, Milan, Florence and Ferrara, 25 July 1480, Lettere, V, 297. To Genoa, to be reconciled with Doge Battista Fregoso: Antonio da Montefeltro to E d’Este, 30 Oct 1480, ASMo, ASE, ambasciatori, Firenze, 2. Returned with three galleys and bombarded Florentine-held Sarzana: G Aldobrandini to the Otto, 25 Dec 1480, Otto, Resp, 1, 67. With his father, Ludovico Fregoso, mentioned in the accord for the restitution of the territories disputed by Florence and Siena, 29 Mar 1481: Lettere, V, 309. Has put fifty more cavalry into Sarzana; is himself in Genoa with a bad leg: N Cambi to the Otto, 29 May 1482, Otto, Resp, 2, 362. Genoa wants a provision that F not be molested by Florence as part of the republic’s understanding with the League: G G Sforza to G A Cotta, 5 June 1482, ASMi, SPE, Ferrara, 328. Is ill, therefore Florence is not worried about Sarzana: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 7 June 1482, ASMo, cit. Ferrante is negotiating with F; Florence is concerned about her rights in Sarzana, but is prepared for a year’s truce with F: Otto to B Gianfigliazzi, 22 June 1482, Min, 12, 348-9. Venice confirmed that an agreement had been reached with F and the marchese of Fosdinovo to help the Rossi: 29 July 1482, ASV, Sen Secr, 30, 103-4. Reinforced his troops at Sarzana; has been sent money from Rome: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 4 Aug 1482, ASMo, ASE, ambasciatori, Firenze, 3. Papers taken from Paolo Ravaschiero include a condotta for F: Otto to B Rucellai, 24 Aug 1482, Min, 12, 491. Milan is sending Simonetto Belprat to negotiate with F on his way to Florence: G G Sforza to B Castiglioni, 23 Sept 1482, ASMi, SPE, Napoli, 240. List of eleven terms F wants from Ferrante, including his protection of Sarzana, with regard to his stipendio: ?Oct 1482, ASMi, SPE, Napoli, 241. The Fregosi have landed troops at Portovenere to go to Sarzana: Dieci to B Rucellai, 18 Nov 1482, Dieci, LC, 5, 30-1; Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 18 Nov 1482, ASMo, cit. Is at Sarzana, raising infantry: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’E ste, 29 Nov 1482, ASMo, cit. Venice is taking over the full condotta of F, formerly shared with Sixtus, and making renewed offers to Obietto and Gian Luigi Fieschi of a condotta for 18,000 ducats p a: 25 Feb 1483, ASV, Sen Secr, 30, 168. Piero Nasi is going to offer F money to buy a castello from the Casa di S Giorgio?: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 5 Mar 1483, ASMo, cit. F [or Agostino Adorno?] has sent an envoy to Ferrante: G G Sforza to B Castiglioni, 6 Mar 1483, ASMi, cit. Venice is reported to have offered him 10,000 ducats p a as part of package to get an alliance with Genoa: B Castiglioni to G G Sforza, 15 Mar 1483, ASMi, cit. With the Rossi and Torelli, is involved in a plot in Florentine territory near Fivizzano and in Ercole d’Este’s territories: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 3 Apr 1483, ASMo, cit. Obietto and Gian Luigi Fieschi and F concluded condotte with Venice; the Fieschi condotte are still very secret because they still have to detach themselves from Milan: 4 Apr 1483, ASV, Sen Secr, 31, 8. Has begun to give prestanze and raise infantry at Sarzana: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 19 Apr 1483, ASMo, cit. Is at La Spezia, apparently with Guido de’ Rossi: B Rucellai to the Dieci, 10 May 1483, Dieci, Resp, 27, 329. Is in the Lunigiana with Guido de’ Rossi, the Venetian provveditore, about ten cavalry squadrons and 500 infantry: Dieci to B Rucellai, 19 May 1483, Dieci, LC, 5, 65-6. F has told Florence that he is not going to attack their lands, but rather those of the signori of Carrara and Lavencia, but he has already sacked a Florentine castello in ‘Piano de Luna’: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 19 May 1483, ASMo, cit. With Guido de’ Rossi, is said to be about to besiege Carrara and Moneta; possibly has an understanding with Lucca; it is thought they want to recover some castles from Ercole d’Este: Z Saggi to Federico Gonzaga, 23 May 1483, ASMa, AG, 1628. Could not get Carrara; has gone on to Massa: Z Saggi to F Gonzaga, 27 May 1483, ASMa, cit. Left Massa to go to protect Sarzana from a possible Florentine attack: Z Saggi to F Gonzaga, 12 June 1483, ASMa, cit. Left Massa for fear of Nicola Orsini and camped at Carrara: Z Saggi to F Gonzaga, 29 June 1483, ASMa, cit. The departure of Guido de’ Rossi left only a few troops: Dieci to B Rucellai, 29 Aug 1483, Dieci, LC, 5, 478. Is said to have supported Paolo Fregoso’s coup in Genoa: Dieci to G A Vespucci, 29 Nov 1483, Dieci, LC, 5, 455-7.

The ambassador of Urbino in Florence says that the republic is letting F’s troops pass through her territory and doing nothing about it: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’ Este, 2 Jan 1484, ASMo, cit. There is a rumour in Naples that Florence is negotiating to restore Sarzanello to F for 37,000 ducats: P Nasi to the Dieci, 18 Jan 1484, Dieci, Resp, 27, 55. Was asked by the Venetians to go to the Romagna; requested a safeconduct to Rome, but was refused because Girolamo Riario ‘non lo voria vedere mazore de quello sij‘: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 30 Jan 1484, ASMo, cit. Is negotiating about Sarzana with the Casa di S Giorgio: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 17 Feb 1484, ASMo, cit. Has sent to Alfonso d’Aragona to offer Sarzana to him: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 5 Mar 1484, ASMo, cit. Is complaining to Venice that promises made to him have not been kept; is asking Venice to give a condotta to Jacopo d’Appiano; his troops are in a bad condition; the people of Sarzana have given him 1,000 lire to help pay for their defence; F is trying to make contact with the Casa di S Giorgio: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 11 Mar 1484, ASMo, cit. Has offered to surrender Sarzana to Alfonso d’Aragona on condition that Florence gives him something in return, that his Neapolitan estates are restored and he will have a condotta with the League: Otto to B Bongirolami, 13 Mar 1484, Otto, LC, 3, 30-2. Has offered Sarzana to Alfonso d’Aragona, provided the latter does not give it to Florence for a year: Otto to B Bongirolami, 16 Mar 1484, Otto, LC, 3, 33-4. F wants to know if Florence is prepared to buy his lands at Sarzana as part of any agreement; Florence says yes: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 16 Mar 1484, ASMo, cit. His envoy has told Simonetto Belprat that F is ready to surrender Sarzana to Florence on certain conditions; the Florentines prefer this proposal to that of handing it over to Alfonso; however, Florence does not trust F’s sincerity in either proposal; the Florentines have heard that F and his father are saying they have given Sarzana to the Casa di S Giorgio: Otto to B Bongirolami, 18 Mar 1484, Dieci, 27, 163-4. F has written to Antonio da Marsciano that he would be willing to surrender Sarzana to Florence, simply to have Florentine friendship, if he could do this honourably: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 19 Mar 1484, ASMo, cit. F now proposes to put Sarzana in the hands of Alfonso and Sixtus if they do not agree; Federico Gonzaga is to be the third arbitrator: Z Saggi to F Gonzaga, 25 Mar 1484, ASMa, cit. Has changed his mind about handing over Sarzana to Alfonso; now says he wants to give it to the Casa di S Giorgio: Z Saggi to F Gonzaga, 28 Mar 1484, ASMa, cit. An agent of Ottaviano Ubaldini has reached an agreement with F over Sarzana which Florence is prepared to accept; Florence is to pay 6,000 ducats to F for his claims over Falcinello and Ortonuovo, and to buy out some other claims too: Otto to O Ubaldini, 5 Apr 1484, Otto, LC, 4, 14-16. The Dieci have this morning deposited money for compensating F and others: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 9 Apr 1484, ASMo, cit. The ambassador of Urbino and a Florentine commissioner have gone to Sarzana to conclude terms with F: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 19 Apr 1484, ASMo, cit. Apparently F is trying to modify the terms agreed with the envoy of Guidobaldo da Montefeltro; Florence refuses to accept the changes: Otto to Girolamo da Cantiana, 21 Apr 1484, Otto, LC, 4, 18-19. F says he wants to delay the handover of Sarzana so can get his father’s consent, to withdraw from pratiche with the Csas di S Giorgio, and to try to reconcile partisans in Sarzana to the handover: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 23 Apr 1484, ASMo, cit. Says he wants his father Ludovico to conduct negotiations and that the men of Sarzana do not want to be subject to Florence: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 24 Apr 1484, ASMo, cit. Florence agrees to F’s extra conditions; they have sent Francesco Baroni to Sarzana in case the negotiations fail: Otto to S Grazzini, 25 Apr 1484, Otto, LC, 4, 22-3. The ambassador of Urbino says F has decieved him and put Sarzana under protection of the Casa di S Giorgio: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 29 Apr 1484, ASMo, cit. Has arrived in Sarzana with 500 infantry: Otto to B Bongirolami, 10 May 1484, Otto, LC, 3, 54-5. Has left by sea, some say for Rome, some for the Levant: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 23 May 1484, ASMo, cit. It is reported in Florence that he is heading for Venice: Otto to B Bongirolami, 26 May 1484, Otto, LC, 3, 63-4. Pier Filippo Pandolfini says F is reportedly heading for Rome: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 27 May 1484, ASMo, cit. Has landed at Talamone and is now on his way to Venice: Otto to B Bongirolami, 29 May 1484, Otto, LC, 3, 64-5. Has travelled via Gubbio and embarked at Sinigaglia for Venice, travelling without troops, by night: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 29 May 1484, ASMo, cit. Ottaviano Ubaldini reluctantly received F at Gubbio, but had to pay him the respect as a relative of the duke: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 29 May 1484, ASMo, ASE, ambasciatori, Firenze, 3. Arrived at Ravenna, where he was awaiting the Venetian provveditore: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 5 June 1484, ASMo, cit. The Venetians are said to be recommending to the troops of Anton Maria degli Ordelaffi that they take service under F: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este 11 June 1484, ASMo, cit. Employed by Venice in the Ferrarese war: 18 June 1484, Otto, Miss, 2, 41-2.

Came to Venice, where he was well received; his condotta of 300 cavalry was renewed; then he returned to Ravenna: 11 Aug 1484, Sanudo, Vite dei dogi, II, 457. Is recruiting infantry in Ravenna with orders to sign up with the Florentines and then flee to Pietrasanta: Dieci, Miss, 21, 74, 17 Oct 1484. Is in Venetian service; the Genose regime wants to recall him: 5 Nov 1484, ASV, Sen Secr, 32, 105. Is serving in the Ravenna area: 6 Nov 1484, ASV, Sen Secr, 32, 105. The Dieci order Niccolò Martelli to overthrow the regime in Genoa with F’s aid and that of Agostino Adorno and Giovanni Spinola: 22 Nov 1484, Dieci, Delib, 24, 67. Ludovico Sforza forbids F returning to the Genoese impresa: 2 Jan 1485, Dieci, Resp, 30, 10. Is coming to Rome with troops: 4 Jan 1485, MAP, 39, 52. Writes to the Venetian provveditore Marino Bentio (Bontio?) regarding the capture of some of Bentio’s horses; F’s capo di squadra is Arcangelo: 4 Jan 1485, Dieci, Resp, 30, 25. Giuliano della Rovere says Innocent will hire F once the conflict between Florence and Genoa is over: Dieci, Resp, 30, 124, 12 Jan 1485. Arrived in Rome three days ago and lodged with Giovanni della Rovere; has long talks with the pope each day; elected captain of Genoa: 13 Jan 1485, MAP, 39, 61. Has been given a licenza by the Signoria: 15 Jan 1485, MAP, 48, 284. Innocent claims that the Casa di S Giorgio and the citizen body of Genoa want F in Genoa with his troops but that Doge Paolo Fregoso does not; the Casa Doria guarantees that F will be loyal; he does not trust Paolo Fregoso; is a cognato of Giovanni della Rovere, who is very keen on him: 15 Jan 1485, Dieci, Resp, 30, 155. F is happy to have Lorenzo as arbiter in the matter of the Genoese Signoria: -- Jan 1485, Dieci, Resp, 30, 288. Luca Grimaldi is in Rome to collect F: 2 Feb 1485, Dieci, Resp, 30, 319. Hired by Innocent: 4 Mar 1485, Dieci, Resp, 30, 387. He and Jacopo Conti have been sent by Innocent to block the passes, to prevent aid being sent to Giovanni Savelli: 7 Mar 1485, Dieci, Resp, 30, 411. Is at Viterbo with a great number of troops: 8 Mar 1485, Dieci, Resp, 33, 486. The Dieci want to know about his movements in the light of a possible move by Roberto di Sanseverino against Siena and in favour of the exiles: 16 Apr 1485, Dieci, Resp, 34, 27. Works to persuade Innocent that Giuliano della Rovere’s candidate for the church of Trevigi should get it as he needs it for preservation of his brother’s stato (Sinigaglia): 23 Apr 1485, MAP, 48, 6. His quarrel with Virginio Orsini: 22 June 1485, LC, II, V, 18, 23. F drew up contract with Antonietto di Bertone da Corniglio, Antonio di Simone del Topo and other leading Sarzanesi to deprive Florence of Sarzana: 25 Aug 1485, Otto, Miss, 3, 158-9.

Bibliog: DBI, 50, 380-2

 

Fregoso, Battista di Pietro, doge of Genoa (Campofregoso) 1452-1504

Career: Son of Pietro II Fregoso, doge of Genoa, and Bartolomea Grimaldi of Monaco; m (1) Catocchia/Caterina di Marco Spinola of Genoa, (2) Bernardina, daughter of Cristoforo Torelli and Taddea Pio; brother-in-law of Amoratto and Marsilio Torelli. Milanese governor of Genoa, Oct-Nov 1478; doge of Genoa, 1478-83. After being ousted by Paolo Fregoso, he made repeated attempts to overthrow his kinsman’s regime. Received a French pension from 1492. Died in Rome.

Refs: An account of the agreement between the Fieschi and the Fregosi, to the extent of a projected marriage alliance between a daughter of Gian Luigi Fieschi and a son of F; nevertheless, there remains no trust between them: G G Sforza to Costanzo Sforza, 19 Jan 1481, ASMi, SPE, Genova, 992. F has consulted with Gian Luigi Fieschi and others and wants an alliance with Milan, though disputed towns must be handed over by the latter: B Rucellai to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 4 Apr 1482, MAP, 51, 106. Paolo Ravaschiero, F’s secretary, and other Genoese, negotiating in Rome: S Sacramoro and A Trivulzio to G G Sforza, 27 Apr 1482, ASMi, SPE, Roma, 91. Ferrante has written to Genoa, agreeing to continue the provisione of 8,000 ducats to F: F Ricci to G G Sforza, ?May 1482, ASMi, SPE, Napoli, 240. Ferrante continued to hope that he could dissuade F from a new alliance with Sixtus and Venice: B Castiglioni to G G Sforza, 1 Oct 1482, ASMi, SPE, Napoli, 240. So that Obietto and Gian Luigi Fieschi will serve the League, pay them their provisioni and the 12,000 [ducats] which you used to pay F until last May and which was promised to the Fieschi: G G Sforza to Signori, 27 Jan 1483, Sig, Resp originali, 8, 309. Negotiations with F, Prospero Adorno and Gian Luigi Fieschi: Z Saggi to F Gonzaga, 26 Dec 1483, ASMa, AG, 1628. News has arrived in Florence that F has been detained by Paolo Fregoso, who has assumed the dogeship: Dieci to G A Vespucci, 29 Nov 1483, Dieci, LC, 5, 455-7. Is at ‘Nuari’; has sent a man to Ludovico Sforza to offer to attack Genoa on behalf of the League; says he has good understanding with Prospero Adorno, with whom he is arranging a parentado, and with Gian Luigi Fieschi: Z Saggi to Federico Gonzaga, 8 Dec 1483, ASMa, AG, 1628. Though Florence will support any attempt to reach an understanding with the new doge, she would prefer to have one with F: mandate to J Guicciardini going to the diet, 19 Dec 1483, Dieci del Cond Stanz, 24, 40-5. Was driven out of Genoa: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 19 June 1484, ASMo, ASE, ambasciatori, Firenze, 3. Has apparently stopped near Genoa: Z Saggi to F Gonzaga, 19 June 1484, ASMo, cit.

Battista Spinola reports a rumour that F has made deal with the Adorni and the Spinola: ------, MAP, 51, 294. The Torelli intend to use F to overthrow Paolo Fregoso’s regime in Genoa: 14 Aug 1484, MAP, 48, 24. F’s envoy tells Pier Filippo Pandolfini that he can take Genoa with 500 infantry: 7 Sept 1484, MAP, 48, 42. His chancellor Raimondo is in Rome and tells Guidantonio Vespucci that Paolo Fregoso’s emissary is there too: 1 Oct 1484, MAP, 39,341. Attempts overthrow Paolo Fregoso’s regime: 1 Dec 1484, Otto, Miss, 3, 107. Wrote to inform Milan of the attack on Genoa: 7 Dec 1484, ASMi, SPE, Firenze, 307. His cognato requests Milanese help in his Genoese pratica: 9 Dec 1484, ASMi, SPE, Roma, 96. Guido Mannelli has been sent to join F and other disaffected Genoese: 16 Dec 1484, Dieci, Delib, 24, 83-4. F is a friend of Paolo Ravaschiero, Paolo Fregoso’s emissary in Rome: 22 Dec 1484, MAP, 39, 410. The failure of an attempt on Genoa: 29 Dec 1484, Otto, Miss, 3, 109-10. An undated letter of Battista Spinola says that the Adorni are reported to have an agreement with F: [1485?], MAP, 51, 294. Ludovico Sforza forbids F making further attempts on Genoa: 1 Jan 1485, Dieci, Resp, 30, 2. Ludovico warns F from proceeding further with his Genoa impresa: 2 Jan 1485, Otto, Miss, 3, 111. F as a Milanese adherente: G G Sforza to Ascanio Sforza, 3 Jan 1485, ASMi, SPE, Roma, 97. Ludovico’s distrust of F: 7 Jan 1485, Dieci, Resp, 30, 58. The Rossi and Torelli previously had an understanding with F: 7 Jan 1485, MAP, 48, 280. F is a raccomandato of Ludovico Sforza and his man: 8 Jan 1485, Otto, Miss, 3, 113-15. F’s negotiations with Paolo Fregoso via the latter’s secretary; has been negotiating with the cardinal-doge for a long time: G Mannelli to the Dieci, 11 Jan 1485, Dieci, Resp, 30, 102. Niccolò Pontini regards the Adorni as more reliable than F: 16 Apr 1486, MAP, 39, 464. F’s deal with Paolo Fregoso: 19 Feb 1485, Dieci, Resp, 30, 321. His pratica with Florence: 19 Apr 1486, Dieci, Miss, 6, 45-6. Wants Milan and Florence to help him overthrow the regime in Genoa; has the support of Gian Luigi Fieschi; F’s friends are inclined towards France and Innocent, so putting him into government would not mean a big change from the Florentine point of view: 28 Apr 1486, MAP, 39, 471. Florence prefers the Adorni as tools to overthrow the Genoese regime as they hate the Fregosi; F might be tempted to make a deal with his relatives in the city: 2 May 1486, Dieci, Miss, 6, 48-9. His letters about the situation in Genoa: 26 May 1486, Otto, Miss, 4, 3-4. Florence fears he may make deal with Paolo Fregoso via Giuliano della Rovere: 29 July 1486, Dieci, Miss, 6, 69.

Bibliog: DBI, 50, 388-92

 

Fregoso, Fregosino di Paolo (Campofregoso) c. 1460-1512

Career: Illegitimate and eldest son of the cardinal-doge, whose career he shadowd, whether as his vicar-general in Genoa (1479-81), on his expedition to Otranto in 1481 or in exile. m (1487) Chiara, illegitimate daughter of Duke Francesco Sforza and widow of Pietro dal Verme; son, Paolo. Educated at Mantua and Bologna; doctor of civil and canon law. Executed in Bologna.

Ref: Son of Paolo Fregoso: 25 Feb 1485, MAP, 48, 294.

Bibliog: DBI, 50, 399-401

 

Fregoso, Ludovico di Bartolomeo (Campofregoso) c. 1415-1498

Career: Son of Caterina degli Ordelaffi of Forlì; m Ginevra Gattilusio; children Agostino, Battistina, Leonarda, Antoniotto and Novello. Sold Sarzana, Sarzanello and Castelnuovo to Florence in 1468, but conferred them on his son Agostino in 1479. They became feudatori of Florence, paying an annual censo, but in 1484 these territories passed to the Casa di S Giorgio.

Refs: With his son Agostino, mentioned in the accord for the restitution of the territories disputed by Florence and Siena, on account of their claim to Sarzana, 29 Mar 1481: Lettere, V, 309. Florence wants an arrangement with F for Florentine subjects gather crops in the Lunigiana peacefully: commission to F Baroni, 28 Sept 1482, Sig, X, VIII, 77, 149-50. Milan would like Sixtus to confirm a reservation of Milanese rights in places occupied by F: G G Sforza to B Castiglioni in Naples, 22 Dec 1482, ASMi, SPE, Napoli, 241. Is in Venice to seek a licence to serve Genoa against Florence: 21 Nov 1484, ASMi, SPE, Venezia, 373. His sale of Sarzana to Florence: 29 July 1485, Otto, Miss, 3, 155-6. Interception of his letter to Sarzanello: 10 Apr 1486, Otto, Miss, 4, 169-70. The men of Villa, F’s castello, are to become Florentine subjects: 13 Sept 1486, Dieci, Miss, 6, 77-80.

Bibliog: DBI, 50, 418-21

 

Fregoso, Paolo, cardinal and doge of Genoa (Campofregoso) 1430-1498

Career: Son of Battista Fregoso and Ilaria di Paolo Guinigi of Lucca; illegitimate children Fregosino, Alessandro, Tommaso, Agostino and Fregosina. Educated at Pavia and Bologna, as a prelaude to an ecclesiastical career. Archbishop of Genoa, 1453-98; cardinal, 1480. Doge of Genoa three times, 1462-, 1463-4, 1483-8, between periods of exile; Milanese governor of Genoa Jan-Aug 1488. Commander of the papal fleet to Otranto, 1481. Died in Rome, where he had been a close associate of Giuliano della Rovere.

Refs: Advises Bartolomeo Maraschi, who is not getting anywhere with Doge Battista Fregoso, to return to Rome and write to the doge from there: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 15 Mar 1483, ASMo, ASE, ambasciatori, Firenze, 3. News has arrived in Florence that F has taken the dogeship with the aid of Agostino Fregoso, and Battista Fregoso has been detained: Dieci to G A Vespucci, 29 Nov 1483, Dieci, LC, 5, 455-7. After the coup F renewed Genoa’s league with Venice: late Nov 1483, Sanudo, Vite dei dogi, II, 406. Has gone completely over to Venice and confirmed a league with them: Z Saggi to Federico Gonzaga, 8 Dec 1483, ASMa, AG, 1628. Has written to Sixtus saying he has no wish to oppose the pope and wants to be an obedient son: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 30 Jan 1484, ASMo, cit. A plot to kill F and his son has been discovered in Genoa: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 15 Apr 1484, ASMo, cit. Lazzaro Doria’s plan to replace F with papal government, given his inability to hold on to the regime: 22 Sept 1484, MAP, 48, 51. F’s emissary, an Augustinian friar, has been in Rome for fifteen days: 1 Oct 1484, MAP, 39, 341. If F thinks he is losing control of Genoa he will give the citadel to the duke of Milan: 9 Dec 1484, G Lanfredini, Copialettere, BNF, II, V, 15, 184. His emissary Paolo Ravaschiero tells Innocent that if he does not help, F will give Genoa to Ludovico Sforza: 22 Dec 1484, MAP, 39, 410. Wanted galleys to stay in Genoa but was overruled by the Casa di S Giorgio, which wanted them sent to Livorno: 24 Dec 1484, Dieci, Resp, 33, 99. Milan intends to keep in with F for the moment: 7 Jan 1485, MAP, 48, 280. Throws himself on the mercy of the Milanese regime: 10 Jan 1485, G Lanfredini, Copialettere, BNF, II, V, 15, 200. His secretary, who is negotiating with Battista Fregoso, has been captured by the Florentines: G Mannelli to the Dieci, 11 Jan 1485, Dieci, Resp, 30, 102. Is suspicious of Agostino Fregoso and does not want him in Genoa with his troops: 15 Jan 1485, Dieci, Resp, 30, 155. Genoese exiles argue that the Casa di S Giorgio is no longer willing to back F; Innocent says likewise: 19 Jan 1485, Dieci, Resp, 30, 199, 19 Jan 1485. The Spinola say the same: -- Jan 1485, Dieci, Resp, 30, 288. Complains to Ludovico Sforza about his help for the Florentine impresa and threatens to hand Genoa over to a foreign power; apparently Ferrante [who appreciated F’s opposition to Ludovico] offered him benefices and estates for his sons in exchange for Genoa: B Rucellei to the Dieci, 27 Jan 1485, Dieci, Resp, 30, 290. Fra Agostino da Lucca is acting as F’s emissary to Milan: 31 Jan 1485, Otto, Miss, 3, 117. F’s deal with Battista Fregoso: B Rucellai to the Dieci, 19 Feb 1485, Dieci, Resp, 30, 321. Offers a reward for the death of Florentine commissioners and military leaders and especially Giovanni Spinola: 25 Feb 1485, MAP, 48, 294. Trusts Simonetto Belprat more than he does Ludovico Sforza: 8 Apr 1485, Dieci, Resp, 34, 10. Is not disposed to leave the government of Genoa for any offer that Innocent might make him: 3 June 1485, MAP, 51, 314. Ludovico Sforza is negotiating a marriage between F’s son and the daughter of ------ di Trotolo: -- June 1485, MAP, 51, 319. F was forced to ask Innocent for help to defend Genoa in the second half of June, a move opposed by Ludovico: Lettere, VIII, 243-4. F’s dealings with the duke of Orléans; the friar from Lucca is again acting as F’s emissary in Milan: 5 Sept 1485, Otto, Miss, 3, 164-5. Lorenzo’s reply to Milan regarding the league with F along the lines suggested by Lorenzo: 6 Sept 1485, MAP, 26, 426. An accord between Innocent and F is highly probable: F Gaddi to the Dieci, 2 Nov 1485, Lettere varie, 11, 78.

The pratica proposed by the Adorni via Simonetto Belprat; intercepted letters show they had another pratica to make accord with F: Dieci, Miss, 6, 40, 3 Apr 1486. The Adorno pratica with Belprat; negotiations for accord with F and the commune of Genoa; Ludovico Sforza is involved, at least in the first of these: 2 or 3 Apr 1485 [sic; probably 1486], Dieci, Resp, 34, 2. Is impatient with Milan; the Adorni threaten to accept F’s offer: 22 Apr 1486, MAP, 48, 353. Intercepted letters show that the Adorni had another pratica to make accord with F, in addition to that via Simonetto Belprat: 3 Apr 1486, Dieci, Miss, 6, 40. Lorenzo’s fear that Florence is being fooled by F: Lorenzo de’ Medici to J Guicciardini, 6 May 1486, Lettere, IX, 271. F has fooled the League: Lorenzo de’ Medici to J Guicciardini, 26 July 1486, Lettere, IX, 383. Florence’s fears that the Adorni will make a deal with F via Giuliano della Rovere: 29 July 1486, Dieci, Miss, 6, 69.

Bibliog: DBI, 50, 427-32

 

Fregoso, Paolo Battista di Giovanni (Campofregoso) c. 1450-1501

Career: Exiled from Genoa in 1482 for his piratical activities, but recalled by Doge Paolo Fregoso in 1483 to be commander of the Genoese fleet.

Refs: The Genoese say that F has been attacking all sorts of shipping without their permission; they woud be glad to see him caught and punished: T Ridolfi in Milan to the Otto, 13 Nov 1481. Ferdinand of Aragon is annoyed by F’s acts of piracy against Spanish shipping and has requested Neapolitan help against him: P F Pandolfini in Naples to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 27 Dec 1481, MAP, 51, 72. Ferrante is reluctant to send one galley alone to Tunis, as F is at sea and has already attacked two papal galleys: P F Pandolfini to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 2 June 1482, ------. A galea and a fusta of his have been wrecked off Piombino: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’Este, 29 Mar 1484, ASMo, ASE, ambasciatori, Firenze, 3. It is said that F has plotted to kill the cardinal-doge Paolo Fregoso: Antonio da Montecatini to E d’ Este, 15 June 1484, ASMo, cit.

Bibliog: DBI, 50, 432-3

 

Fregoso, Tommasino di Giano (Campofregoso) 1437/43-c. 1498

Career: m Caterina Malaspina. Had a power base in Corsica.

Refs: Is upset about a clause in the recent treaty between Milan and Genoa concerning Milanese rights in Corsica and is coming to Naples to seek support; may also turn to Spain: M Trotti in Matera to G G Sforza, 24 Apr 1481, ASMi, SPE, Napoli, 232. One of twelve Genoese ambassadors in Rome: 8 Apr 1485, Dieci, Resp, 34, 15. F’s offer to open one of the gates of Genoa to the Adorni and threaten the regime of Paolo Fregoso: J Guicciardini in Milan to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 30 Mar 1486, AGF, LC, V, 400, 44.

Bibliog: DBI, 50, 446-8

 

Frescobaldi, ------

Ref: Giovanni Altoviti told Guidantonio Vespucci that a plot was afoot to kill that Frescobaldi who was in Constantinople when ------ Bandini was taken, and that Girolamo Riario agreed to it; Vespucci warned F to flee, as he did on the evening of the 16 May: G A Vespucci in Rome to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 16 May 1481, MAP, 38, 183.

 

Frescobaldi, Battista

Ref: With Amoratto Baldovinetti, arrested in Florence under suspicion of plotting to kill Lorenzo: F Sacramoro to G G Sforza, 3 June 1481, ASMi, SPE, Firenze, 302; Lettere, V, 226-7.

 

Frescobaldi, Giovanni di Niccolò b. c. 1438

Career: Medici factor in Venice. Feb 1479-Aug 1482 corresonded with Lorenzo from Venice. 1480 Catasto: sostanze 1,050 fl.

 

Fucci, Tiberio de’

Ref: A relative of Angelo Poliziano from Montepulciano: Lettere, VII, 311-12.