Skip to main content Skip to navigation

RS 1729

Anonymous

I Un serventés, plait de deduit, de joie, comencerai au Dieu comandement, qu’il nos enseint le chemin et la voie 4a li aler sanz nul encombrement. Alun i tuit et tres isnelement avoec Celui qui nus apele et proie, amanevi a sun asenblement: 8en geridun paradis nos otroie a toz jorz mais por nostre salvement.

II ..................................................... ..................................................... 12..................................................... ..................................................... ..................................................... ..................................................... 16..................................................... ..................................................... .....................................................

III ..................................................... 20..................................................... ..................................................... ..................................................... quant le roi de Paris fu esperdu, 24qu’il cuidoient que l’arme en fut alee; et quant il fu en vie revenu, la croiz reqit et cil li a donee, qui tesmoinz est de si bele vertuz.

IV 28Jerusalem, tant es desconfortee! sur toi en est le domage venu! Cretïentez t’a trop abandonee, et le sepulcre et temple est perdu, 32qui fu jadis en grant chierté tenu. Bien fus antan servie et onoree, Dieux fu en toi cloffichez et penduz, or t’unt paien esillïe et gastee: 36mal geredun lor en sera rendu.

V France, [bien] doiz avoir grant seignorie, sur totes riens te doit en enorer! Diex te requiert et secors et aïe 40por sun païs de paiens delivrer: por ceu a fait le roi resociter. Pris a la croiz por amender sa vie, si s’en ira, se Deu plet, outre mer. 44Tuit si baron li feront compaignie; li cuens d’Artois ira ses oz gier.

VI Au riche roi qui France a en baillie va, serventois, tun message conter, 48qu’il n’oblit pas la terre de Sorie: ne puet pas si lungement demorer. Paris lu veut en bone foi loer qu’il maint ses oz par terre Romanie; 52legierement la pora conqester et baticer le sodant de Turquie; poi si porra tot se monde aquiter.

VII L’emperaor face au pape acorder, 56puis passera la mer a grant navie; ne le porrunt li paien endurer; tot conquerra et [T]urquie et Persie, en Babilonie ira por coroner.

I At God’s command I shall begin a sirventes, a discourse of happiness and joy, so that he may teach us the way and the path to go to Him without impediment. Let us all go, and that most quickly, with the One who summons and exhorts us, responding swiftly to his convocation: as a reward He offers us paradise for evermore for our salvation.

II [...]

III [...] when the king of Paris was in a desperate state, so that they thought his soul had left him; and when he returned to life, he requested the cross and the one who is witness to such a beautiful miracle gave it to him.

IV Jerusalem, you are so forlorn! Misfortune has come upon you! Christendom has dreadfully abandoned you, and the sepulchre is lost, the temple which in the past was held so dear. Time was, you were much served and honoured, God was nailed and hanged in you; now pagans have ruined and destroyed you: they will be justly punished for it.

V France, you should rightly have great prestige, you should be honoured above all things! God seeks from you aid and assistance to liberate His land from the pagans: this is why He raised the king from the dead. He took the cross to purify his life, and so, God willing, he will go overseas. All his barons will go with him; the count of Artois will lead his hosts.

VI Go, sirventes, to relay your message to the noble king who rules France, so that he does not forget the Holy Land: he cannot delay here any longer. Paris wishes to exhort him openly to a send his army to the lands of the East; he will easily be able to conquer them and baptise the sultan of Turkey; then he will be able to liberate this whole world.

VII Let him reconcile the pope and the emperor, then he will cross the sea with a great navy; the pagans will not be able to resist him; he will conquer all of Turkey and Persia, and will go to be crowned in Cairo.

Historical context and dating

According to contemporary sources, on 14 December 1244, recovering from an illness that had brought him near to death, Louis IX asked the bishop of Paris for the cross and made a vow to depart for the Holy Land (see the introduction to RS 1738a). The long preparations and complex political situation in Europe, in particular the continual exhausting conflict between pope Innocent IV and the emperor Frederick II, delayed departure for a few years. Finally, on 12 June 1248 Louis IX received the pilgrim’s staff and scrip in the church of Saint-Denis, and left for Aigues-Mortes, where he embarked for Cyprus on 25 August. The composition of the song must therefore date from after the king’s illness (to which vv. 23-27 refer) and precede the ceremony in Saint-Denis which constitutes the effective beginning of the crusade. There are no elements in the text which allow a more specific dating, but the hortatory emphasis of vv. 46-49 suggests that some time must have passed from the announcement and preaching of the crusade. In any case it is highly likely that the song was written after the assembly summoned by Louis IX on 9 October, in which the king confirmed his own vow and many French barons took the cross. The allusion to Louis IX’s efforts to mediate between the pope and the emperor (v. 55) could point to the negotiations of Cluny on 28-30 November 1245, which were followed by other peace-making attempts in 1246 and 1247. The composition of this song can therefore be placed between the autumn of 1245 and the spring of 1248