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RS 421

Vidame de Chartres

I Conbien que j’aie demoré fors de ma douce contree et maint grant ennui enduré 4 en terre maleüree, por ce n’ai je pas oublié le douz mal qui si m’agree, dont ja ne qier avoir santé 8 tant ai la dolor amee.

II Touz tens ai en dolor esté et mainte lerme ploree; li plus beau jor ou an d’esté 12me senble pluie ou gelee, quant el païs que je plus hé m’estuet fere demoree: ja n’avrai joie en mon aé 16s’en France ne m’est donee.

III Si me dont Dex joie et santé, la plus bele qui soit nee me conforte de sa biauté 20qui si m’est el cuer entree; et se je muir en cest pensé(r), bien cuit m’ame avoir sauvee; car m’eüst or son lieu presté, 24Dex, cil qui l’a espousee!

IV He las, trop sui maleürez se cele n’ot ma proiere a qui je me sui si donez, 28que ne m’en puis traire ariere; trop longuement me sui celez por cele gent malparliere qui ja les cuers n’avront lassez 32de dire mal en deriere.

V He, douce riens, ne m’ocïez, ne soiés crüex ne fiere vers moi qui plus vos aim qu’assez 36d’amor loial droituriere; et se vos por tant m’ocïez, las, trop acheterai chiere l’amor dont tant serai grevez; 40mes or m’est douce et legiere.


I However long I have stayed outside my sweet country and endured many great tribulations in an unhappy (accursed?) land, I have not forgotten the sweet pain which pleases me so well, from which I do not wish to be cured, so much have I loved the pain.

II I have always been in pain and wept many a tear; the finest summer’s day or year seemed to me to be rain or ice, since I was forced to stay in the land I hate the most: I shall never have joy in my lifetime if it is not given to me in France.

III So God grant me joy and health, and may the fairest lady in the world comfort me with her beauty which has so entered my heart; and if I die in this thought, I truly believe my soul will be saved; God, if only the one who married her would lend me his place!

IV Alas, I am too unhappy if the one to whom I have dedicated myself, to the point where I cannot extricate myself, does not heed my prayer; I have concealed myself too long because of those slanderous people who will never have their hearts weary of speaking ill behind one’s back.

V Ah, sweet creature, do not kill me, and do not be cruel or haughty towards me who love you more than ever with loyal and sincere love; and if you kill me nevertheless, alas, I shall pay too high a price for the love which will oppress me so; but now it is sweet and light to me.

Historical context and dating

The lyric poet Vidame de Chartres is certainly Guillaume de Ferrières, mentioned in some documents dating between May 1202 and April 1204. According to Noonan 1933, I, p. 30 the trouvère was born in c. 1160, and according to Petersen Dyggve 1944, p. 180 just before 1150; but the long gap between the attestations concerning his presumed mother and those concerning Guillaume suggest that the scarcity of documents conceals a skipped generation, in which case Guillaume can be presumed to have been born even later, perhaps in c. 1170. The Vidame de Chartres probably took the cross together with Renaud de Montmirail, with whom he is often associated in the documents, on 29 November 1199 (Villehardouin, § 4) and left France in about June 1202, joining the other crusaders in Venice. After spending the whole summer there, the crusaders set sail for Zara in October and besieged and conquered it on 24 November. They spent the winter in the Dalmatian city until some French knights, including the Vidame de Chartres and Renaud de Montmirail, tired of waiting and perhaps disillusioned by the developments taking place in the expedition, requested and obtained permission from Count Louis of Blois to be sent to the Holy Land to gather information (Villehardouin § 102; this is the only passage in the chronicle in which the Vidame Guillaume is directly mentioned). Villehardouin relates that the knights left Zara on 30 March 1203 but did not keep their promise to return there. In all probability they did not even reach the Holy land, since some documents of 1203 attest the presence of Renaud de Montmirail and the Vidame de Chartres in France, the latter in May. Later Renaud and Guillaume set out again for the East, probably passing through the Holy Land and reaching Constantinople (probably between November and December 1203), where they took part in the second siege and final conquest of the city (12 April 1204; see Villehardouin, § 315). The latest notable document concerning the Vidame dates from April 1204 (see Métais 1902, p. 50); in this the author refers to himself as ill and accedens Constantinopolim, confirms a donation previously made to the Templars when he was in Acre and adds a second donation. From this it can be inferred that Guillaume de Ferrières was received by the Templars and did indeed pass through the Holy Land before reaching Costantinople. The document concerning the first donation made in Acre is undated (Métais 1902, p. 21). The tight time-scale seems to exclude the possibility that the Vidame went on to the Holy Land after leaving Zara, and it is much more likely that he travelled through it on his return to the East, as Petersen Dyggve 1944, p. 178 also thought. After the conquest of Constantinople there are no more references to Guillaume de Ferrières, either in the East or in France. Most probably Guillaume de Ferrières died as a result of the illness mentioned in the document of April 1204, or at the battle of Adrianople on 14 April 1205 (see Villehardouin, § 361), again sharing the fate of Renaud de Montmirail and Louis de Blois. It cannot be ruled out that the Vidame de Chartres returned to France after the crusade, but this seems rather unlikely.

The use of the present tense in vv. 12 and 14 suggests that the song was composed while the author was still in the East, but the close affinities with song RS 502, definitely written in France (see v. 15), which however uses the present tense in the historic sense (vv. 3-6), suggest that this song too may have been composed after his return from his first stay in the East, probably between May and the end of the summer of 1203, or else after his possible (but unlikely) final return from the crusade.