RS 679
Châtelain de Coucy
I A vous amant, plus k’a nul’autre gent, est bien raisons ke ma dolor complaigne, car il m’estuet partir outreement 4 et desevrer de ma loial compaigne; et, quant li pert, n’est riens ki me remaigne; et sachiés bien, Amors, seürement, s’ainc nus morut por avoir cuer dolent, 8 dont n’ert par moi mais meüs vers ne lais.
II Beaus sire Diex, k’iert il dont et coment? convenra il k’ens la fin congié praigne? Oïl, par Dieu, ne puet estre autrement, 12sans li m’estuet aler en terre estraigne; or ne quic mais ke grans maus me soffraigne quant de li n’ai confort n’alegement, ne de nule autre amor joie n’atent 16fors ke de li, ne sai se ch’iert jamais.
III Beaus sire Diex, k’iert il del consirrer, del grant soulas et de la compaignie et des samblanz ke me soloit moustrer 20cele ki m’ert dame, compaigne, amie? Et quant recort sa simple courtoisie et les dols mos ke suet a moi parler, coment me puet li cuers el cors durer? 24quant ne s’em part, certes molt est mauvais.
IV Ne me vaut pas Diex por noient doner tos les deduis k’ai eüs ens ma vie, ains les me fait c(h)ierement comperer, 28s’ai grant paour chis loiers ne m’ochie; merchi Amors, s’ainc Diex fist vilonie, ke vilains fait boine amor desevrer: ne je ne puis l’amor de moi oster 32et si m’estuet ke jou ma dame lais.
V Or seront lié li faus losengeor cui tant pesoit des biens k’avoir soloie, mais ja de çou n’ere pelerins jor 36ke ja vers aus boine volenté aie; por tant porrai perdre tote ma voie, car tant m’ont fait de mal li traïtor, se Diex voloit k’il eüssent m’amor, 40ne me porroit cargier plus pesant fais.
VI Je m’en vois, dame: a Dieu le creator comanc vo cors, en quel lieu ke je soie, ne sai se ja verrés mais mon retor; 44aventure est que jamais vous revoie; por Dieu vous pri, en quel lieu ke je soie, ke nos convens tenés, viegne ou demour, et je proi Dieu k’ausi me doinst honor 48com je vous ai esté amis verais.
[VII] De moie part di, chançons, si t’en croie, que sols m’en vois, que n’ai altre seignor; et bien sachiez, dame de grant valor, 52se je revieng, que por vos servir nais.
I To you, lovers, more than all other people, it is right that I express my grief, for of necessity I am compelled to leave and part from my faithful companion; and once I lose her, there is nothing left to me; and be aware, Love, truly, that if anyone ever died of a sorrowing heart, then no song or lay will ever emanate from me.
II Good Lord God, what will therefore come about, and how? Shall I finally have to take my leave of her? Yes by God, it cannot be otherwise, without her I must go into a foreign land; I do not think now ever to be free of dreadful pain, since I have no comfort or consolation from her, and expect no joy from any other love but hers, and I do not know whether this will ever be.
III Good Lord God, what will become of the kind thoughts, the great solace, the companionship and loving looks which the one who was my lady, companion, friend, used to bestow on me? And when I call to mind her simple courtesy and the sweet words with which she is accustomed to speak to me, how can my heart remain within my body? If it does not part from there it is assuredly most wretched.
IV Not for nothing has God wished to grant me all the delights I have had in my life; instead he makes me pay dearly for them, to the point where I fear that this price will be my death. Have pity, Love, if God ever acted basely, it is a cruel thing to sunder good love: but I cannot free myself of love, and yet I am obliged to leave my lady.
V Now the false slanderers who so resented the good things I used to have/enjoy will be glad, but I shall never be so penitent as ever to be well disposed towards them; for this reason I could lose all the benefits of my pilgrimage, because the traitors have done me so much harm that if God desired me to love them, He could not burden me with a heavier load.
VI I leave, Lady: I commend you to God the creator, wherever I may be, and I know not if you will ever see my return; it is a matter of chance whether I shall see you again; I beg you, for God’s sake, wherever I may be, to keep true to our promise, whether I return or stay, and I pray God to grant me honour, just as I have been your true friend.
[VII] Song, say on my behalf, and may you be believed, that I leave alone, since I have no other lord; and be well aware, lady of great worth, that if I return, I was born to serve you.
Text
Testo
Luca Barbieri, 2015.Historical context and dating
The trouvère is almost certainly to be identified with Guy IV, Castellan of Coucy (dép. Aisne, arr. Laon), who was born before his father’s death in 1167 and died at sea in 1203 during the Fourth Crusade. Often confused with the titular lord and owner of the fief, the castellan is actually the official responsible for the custody and defence of a castle, usually in charge of a garrison (Barthélémy 1984, p. 148). Guy IV appears with the title of Castellan of Coucy in some documents dated between 1186 and 1202, the year the Fourth Crusade set out, and he is also titled Viscount of Soissons and Lord of Namcel (Melleville 1855, p. 254). The fact that the documents only define him as castellan from 1186 onwards suggests that he was born not much before his father’s death, perhaps around 1165; he must have still been relatively young at the time of the Fourth Crusade. Guy IV took part in both Third and Fourth Crusades and died at sea in June 1203 during the crossing of the Aegean sea, as Villehardouin, § 124, confirms. Villehardouin also states that he was among those who opposed the deviation to Constantinople but nevertheless remained with the crusaders (§§ 113-117). Guy was married to a certain Marguerite (d’Epagny, according to Melleville 1855, p. 256) but remained childless; for this reason the post of castellan of Coucy was inherited by Mauduite, his father’s only living sister, who passed it on to her son Renaud de Magny, previously destined for the clerical life, who is referred to as castellan in documents written between 1207 and 1218. The Châtelain de Coucy is the protagonist of a late-13th-c. romance vaguely inspired by his life, but certainly justified by the success of his lyrics, which it frequently quotes. The Roman du Châtelain de Coucy et de la Dame de Fayel identifies the trouvère as Renaud de Magny, who however never took part in a crusade and would have had to have done so before acceding to the title of castellan. In addition, the author of the romance situates the action within the context of the Third Crusade, producing a distortion of history which makes all other dates unreliable. The song is addressed to lovers awaiting the imminent departure on crusade (even if this is never mentioned explicitly) and treats the painful necessity of separation from the beloved and the predicament of having to give precedence to God’s rather than the lady’s service. If such autobiographical indications are to be taken seriously, the text must have been composed shortly before departure on one of the two expeditions in which the Châtelain took part, so in the early months of 1190 or of 1202.