The Marie Curie EID IMPACT project began on 1st January 2013. The first ESR was appointed in March 2013 and was based at the AZ headquarters in Mölndal, Sweden, through to October 2013, performing work on their research project linked to Work Package 2. The remaining four ESRs were appointed in July/August 2013 and took up their posts in September 2013. These four ESRs spent the first month of their posts also based at the AZ site at Mölndal in Sweden laying the foundations for their individual projects on Work Packages 1, 3 and 4.

All five ESRs started at the UoW in the UK in October 2013 and were based there until April 2014 when they returned to AZ for six months. They have all undertaken taught modules/course material in subjects relevant to their research projects. The ESRs were all based within the Biomedical & Biological Systems Laboratory within the School of Engineering at the UoW working alongside a cohort of over 20 PhD and postdoctoral researchers engaged on projects in similar fields.

They undertook their 2nd year of taught modules at the UoW from the end of September 2014 through to April 2015. They then returned to AZ to continue the work on their research projects, during this period they also attended summer schools organised by the IMPACT project, conferences and presentations and began disseminating the results of their research and publishing their findings in the appropriate technical journals. Details of the conferences, presentations and publications are contained in the Project Results section. A summary of the two Summer Schools is included below.

All of the ESRs have completed their thesis and been awarded their PhD and three of the ESRs are now in full-time employment with AZ as PK and PK/PD scientists. The project completed at the end of 2016 and the final report submitted to the EU at the end of February 2017.

The project held a Summer School in September 2015 in the School of Engineering at the UoW. The focus of this School was Population Pharmacokinetics, Parameter Estimations and Model Validation. It was aimed at ESRs, Post Doctorial Staff, Academics and Industry.

Lectures were given by:

Leon Aarons, Manchester Pharmacy School	Markus Friden, AstraZeneca Sweden
Phil Arundel, University of Warwick Honorary	Peter Gennermark, AstraZeneca Sweden
John Aston, University of Cambridge	Maria Kjellsson, Uppsala University
Mike Chappell, University of Warwick	Joe Standing, MRC Fellow at UCL Institute of Child Health
Teresa Collins, AstraZeneca UK	Marcus Tindall, University of Reading
Ulf Eriksson, AstraZeneca Sweden	James Yates, AstraZeneca UK
Neil Evans, University of Warwick

The presentations given covered:

• Introduction to PKPD;
• Modelling of Type 2 Diabetes - Useful for pharmaceutical industry?;
• Transition from Individual and Population Estimation;
• Population in Pharmacokinetics;
• Sequential Monte Carlo Parameter Estimation Techniques;
• Model Reduction Techniques.

A Systems Pharmacology Summer School was run in March 2014 as part of the project. This event was aimed at ESRs, Post Doctorial staff and Industry.
Lectures were given by a number of expert speakers including:

• Leon Aarons (University of Manchester, UK);
• Piet Van der Graaf (Leiden University, The Netherlands);
• Michael Weiss (Halle University, Germany);
• Bert Peletier (Leiden University, The Netherlands);
• Johan Gabrielsson (Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences).

The lectures covered:

• Introduction to compartmental modelling and Pharmacokinetics (PK);
• Physiological aspects of PK and physiologically based PK;
• Difference between species and scaling across species;
• Absorption modelling;
• Target Mediated Drug Disposition (TMDD) Modelling;
• Identifiability and parameter estimation.