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Emma MacPherson's Terahertz Research Group

Publications by Emma's THz group

Recent Journal Publications

  1. 'Past, present and future of in vivo THz skin sensing', Agrima Agarwal and Emma Pickwell-MacPherson, JPhys Photonics 8(1), 2026, DOI: 10.1088/2515-7647/ae4b7a
  2. 'All-fibre-coupled terahertz single-pixel imaging for biomedical applications', Sen Mou, Rayko Stantchev, Sonal Saxena, Huiliang Ou, Shreeya Rane, Sophie Pain, John D Murphy, Euan Hendry, James Lloyd-Hughes and Emma Pickwell-MacPherson, Nature Communications 17(1), 2026, DOI: 10.1038/s41467-026-68290-x
  3. 'Markerless Pose Estimation and Tracking on Facial Regions for In Vivo Robot-Assisted Terahertz Sensing', Shruti Chakraborty, Arturo I. Hernandez-Serrano, Anubhav Dogra, Dominic Jones, Agrima Agarwal, Pietro Valdastri and Emma Pickwell-MacPherson, IEEE Transactions on Medical Robotics and Bionics, PP(99):1-1, 2026, DOI: 10.1109/TMRB.2026.3680973
  4. 'Multi-layered model for simulating the in vivo terahertz response of human skin', Benjamin Page, Jacob Young, Agrima Agarwal, Xiangyu Guo, Joseph Hardwicke and Emma Pickwell-MacPherson, Biomedical Optics Express 16(12):5197-5209, 2025, DOI: 10.1364/BOE.579637
  5. 'Robotically Controlled Terahertz Probe for In Vivo Skin Evaluation: Imaging with the PicoBot', Jacob Young, Agrima Agarwal, Benjamin Page, Anubhav Dogra, Arturo I. Hernandez-Serrano, Joseph Hardwicke and Emma Pickwell-MacPherson, Journal of Infrared, Millimeter and Terahertz Waves, 46(6), 2025, DOI: 10.1007/s10762-025-01055-7
  6. 'In vivo Terahertz Sensing of Skin Cancer Patients', Jacob Young, Benjamin Page, Arturo I. Hernandez‐Serrano, Joseph Hardwicke and Emma Pickwell-MacPherson, Advanced Photonics Research, 6, 2400195, 2025, DOI: 10.1002/adpr.202400195
  7. 'Towards autonomous robotic THz-based in vivo skin sensing: the PicoBot', Anubhav Dogra, Dominic Jones, Arturo Ignacio Hernandez Serrano, Shruti Chakraborty, Jacob Young, Benjamin Page, Joseph Hardwicke, Pietro Valdastri and Emma Pickwell-MacPherson, Scientific Reports 15(1):4568, 2025, DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-88718-6
  8. 'Applying Frequency-Wavelet Domain Deconvolution to in Vivo Terahertz Measurements of Skin Conditions', Benjamin Page, Jacob Young, Arturo I. Hernandez-Serrano, Joseph Hardwicke and Emma Pickwell-MacPherson, IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology, PP(99):1-9, 2025, DOI: 10.1109/TTHZ.2025.3566562
  9. 'Developing Hydration Maps of Polymer Latex Film Formation Using Terahertz Time-Domain Spectroscopy', Gonçalo Costa, Emily Brogden, Jacob Young, Huiliang Ou, Arturo I. Hernandez-Serrano, Rayko I. Stantchev, Stefan A. F. Bon and Emma Pickwell-MacPherson, Langmuir 40(47), 2024, DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c03103
  10. 'Accurate reconstruction of terahertz spectral images with enhanced spatial resolution via complex mapping', Ting Zhu, Hao Chen, Emma Pickwell-MacPherson, Xuequan Chen and Fang Guangyou, Optics Express 32(18):31657-31671, 2024, DOI: 10.1364/OE.529139
  11. 'Variation of skin hydration profile with biophysical factors and lifestyle revealed by in vivo terahertz sensing', Xuefei Ding, A. I. Hernandez-Serrano, Jacob Young and Emma Pickwell-MacPherson, Biomedical Optics Express 15(9):5180-5198, 2024, DOI: 10.1364/BOE.527731
  12. 'In vivo terahertz sensing of psoriasis and eczema patients', Jacob Young, Arturo I. Hernandez-Serrano, Joseph Hardwicke and Emma Pickwell-MacPherson, Scientific Reports 14(1), 2024, DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-68106-2
  13. 'Effect of transdermal drug delivery patches on the stratum corneum: in vivo inspection with a handheld terahertz probe', Arturo I. Hernandez-Serrano, Xuefei Ding, Gonçalo Costa, Gabit E. Nurumbetov, David M Haddleton and Emma Pickwell-MacPherson, Biomedical Optics Express 15(7):4206-420, 2024, DOI: 10.1364/BOE.513557
  14. 'Terahertz probe for real time in vivo skin hydration evaluation', Arturo I. Hernandez-Serrano, Xuefei Ding, Jacob Young, Gonçalo Costa, Anubhav Dogra, Joseph Hardwicke and Emma Pickwell-MacPherson, Advanced Photonics Nexus 3(1):016012-016012, 2024, DOI: 10.1117/1.APN.3.1.016012
  15. 'Simultaneous measurement of orthogonal terahertz fields via an emission multiplexing scheme', Huiliang Ou, Rayko Stantchev, Xuequan Chen, Thierry Blu, Mykhaylo Semtsiv, William Ted Masselink, Arturo Ignacio Hernández Serrano, Gonçalo Costa, Jacob Young, Nishtha Chopra, James Lloyd-Hughes and Emma Pickwell-MacPherson, Optics Express 32(4):5567-5581, 2024, DOI: 10.1364/OE.505567
  16. 'Electrically Tunable Si-Based THz Photomodulator Using Dielectric/Polymer Surface Gating', Xavier Romain, Peter R Wilshaw, Rayko Stantchev, Tina Miao, Sen Mou, Tim Niewelt, Shona Mcnab, Sophie Pain, Nicholas Grant, Ruy Sebastian Bonilla, Emma Pickwell-MacPherson and John D Murphy, IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology, PP(99):1-8, 2024, DOI: 10.1109/TTHZ.2024.3477983

  17. ‘Monitoring the Terahertz Response of Skin Beneath Transdermal Drug Delivery Patches Using Sparse Deconvolution’, Xavier E. Ramirez Barker, Xavier E. Ramirez Barker, Rayko Stantchev, Arturo I. Hernandez-Serrano, Gabit E. Nurumbetov, David M Haddleton and Emma Pickwell-MacPherson, IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology PP(99):1-9, 2023, DOI:10.1109/TTHZ.2023.3292546

  18. ‘Quantitative evaluation of transdermal drug delivery patches on human skin with in vivo THz-TDS’, Xuefei Ding, Gonçalo Costa, Arturo Ignacio Hernández Serrano, Rayko I. Stantchev, Gabit E. Nurumbetov, David M Haddleton and Emma Pickwell-MacPherson, Biomedical Optics Express, 14(3): 1146-1158, 2023 DOI:10.1364/BOE.473097

  19. ‘Broadband Graphene-Based Electro-Optic Chiral Polarization Conversion for Terahertz Pulse Shaping’, Chen Zefeng, Xuequan Chen, Li Tao, Kun Chen, Rui Zhang ,Mingzhu Long, Emma Pickwell-MacPherson and J.B. Xu, ACS Photonics 9(11), 2022, DOI:10.1021/acsphotonics.2c01128

  20. ‘An introduction to terahertz time-domain spectroscopic ellipsometry’, Xuequan Chen and Emma Pickwell-MacPherson, APL Photonics, 7(7):071101, 2022, DOI:10.1063/5.0094056

  21. ‘Simulated and Experimental Verification for a Terahertz Specific Finite Rate of Innovation Signal Processing Method’, Xavier E. Ramirez Barker, Rayko I. Stanchev, Arturo I. Hernandez Serrano and Emma Pickwell-MacPherson, Sensors, 22(9), 2022, DOI:10.3390/s22093387

  22. ‘Monitoring the Effect of Transdermal Drug Delivery Patches on the Skin Using Terahertz Sensing’, Hannah Lindley-Hatcher, Jiarui Wang, Arturo I. Hernandez-Serrano, Joseph Hardwicke, Gabit E. Nurumbetov, David M Haddleton and Emma Pickwell-MacPherson, Pharmaceutics, 13(12):2052, 2021, DOI:10.3390/pharmaceutics13122052

  23. ‘Rapid Imaging of Pulsed Terahertz Radiation with Spatial Light Modulators and Neural Networks’, Rayko Ivanov Stantchev, Kaidi Li and Emma Pickwell-MacPherson, ACS Photonics 8(11), 2021, DOI:10.1021/acsphotonics.1c00634

  24. ‘Recent Advances in the Development of Materials for Terahertz Metamaterial Sensing’, Suling Shen, Xudong Liu, Yao-chun Shen, Junle Qu, Emma Pickwell-MacPherson, Xunbin Wei and Yiwen Sun, Advanced Optical Materials, 10(1), 2021, DOI:10.1002/adom.202101008

  25. ‘Extraction of Thickness and Water-Content Gradients in Hydrogel-Based Water-Backed Corneal Phantoms Via Submillimeter-Wave Reflectometry’, Aleksi Tamminen, Mariangela Baggio, Irina Nefedova, Qiushuo Sun, Semyon A. Presnyakov, Juha Ala-Laurinaho, Elliot Brown, Vincent Patrick Wallace, Emma Pickwell-MacPherson, Thaddeus Maloney, Natalia Kravchenko, Mika Salkola, Sophie Deng and Zachary Taylor, IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology PP(99):1-1, 2021, DOI:10.1109/TTHZ.2021.3099058

  26. ‘Submillimeter-Wave Permittivity Measurements of Bound Water in Collagen Hydrogels via Frequency Domain Spectroscopy’, Aleksi Tamminen, Mariangela Baggio, Irina Nefedova. Qiushuo Sun, Juha Anttila, Juha Ala-Laurinaho, Elliot R. Brown, Vincent Patrick Wallace, Emma Pickwell-MacPherson, Thaddeus Maloney, Mika Salkola, Sophie Deng and Zachary Taylor, IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology PP(99):1-1, 2021, DOI:10.1109/TTHZ.2021.3088273

  27. ‘Real time THz imaging—opportunities and challenges for skin cancer detection’, H. Lindley-Hatcher, Rayko Stantchev, Xuequan Chen, Arturo Ignacio Hernández Serrano, J. Hardwicke and Emma Pickwell-MacPherson, Applied Physics Letters, 118(23):230501, 2021, DOI:10.1063/5.0055259

  28. ‘THz Sensing of Human Skin: A Review of Skin Modelling Approaches’, Jiarui Wang, Hannah Lindley-Hatcher, Xuequan Chen and Emma Pickwell-MacPherson, Sensors, 21(11):3624, 2021, DOI:10.3390/s21113624

  29. ‘Gold nanoparticle enhanced detection of EGFR with a terahertz metamaterial biosensor’, Kai Liu, Rui Zhang, Yao Liu, Xuequan Chen, Kaidi Li and Emma Pickwell-MacPherson, Biomedical Optics Express, 12(3):1559-1567, 2021, DOI:10.1364/BOE.418859

  30. ‘Deep THz modulation at Fabry-Perot resonances using graphene in periodic microslits’, Xudong Liu, Mingyang Jia, Shuting Fan, Rayko Stantchev, Xuequan Chen, Emma Pickwell-MacPherson and Yiwen Sun, Optics Express, 29(4):6199-6208, 2021, DOI:10.1364/OE.413622

  31. ‘Low cost and long-focal-depth metallic axicon for terahertz frequencies based on parallel-plate-waveguides’, Arturo Ignacio Hernández Serrano and Emma Pickwell-MacPherson, Scientific Reports, 2021, DOI:10.1038/s41598-021-82503-x

  32. ‘Exploiting Complementary Terahertz Ellipsometry Configurations to Probe the Hydration and Cellular Structure of Skin In Vivo’, Xuequan Chen, Sarah Sun, Jiarui Wang, Hannah Lindley-Hatcher and Emma Pickwell-MacPherson, Advanced Photonics Research, 2(1):2170002, 2021, DOI:10.1002/adpr.202170002

  33. ‘Evaluation of in vivo THz Sensing for Assessing Human Skin Hydration’, Hannah Lindley-Hatcher, Arturo Ignacio Hernández Serrano, Jiarui Wang, Juan Cebrián, Joseph Hardwicke and Emma Pickwell-MacPherson, JPhys Photonics, 3(1), 2020, DOI:10.1088/2515-7647/abcb71

  34. ‘In-line evanescent-field-coupled THz bandpass mux/demux fabricated by additive layer manufacturing technology’, A. I. Hernandez-Serrano, Simon J. Leigh and Emma Pickwell-MacPherson, Optics Continuum, 3(9):2407-2414, 2020, DOI:10.1364/OSAC.399389

  35. ‘Classification for Glucose and Lactose Terahertz Spectrums Based on SVM and DNN Methods’, Kaidi Li, Xuequan Chen, Rui Zhang and Emma Pickwell-MacPherson, IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology PP(99):1-1, 2020, DOI:10.1109/TTHZ.2020.3013819

  36. ‘Evaluation of transdermal drug delivery using terahertz pulsed imaging’, Jiarui Wang, Hannah Lindley-Hatcher, Kai Liu and Emma Pickwell-MacPherson, Biomedical Optics Express, 11(8):4484-4490, 2020, DOI:10.1364/BOE.394436

  37. ‘Super Sub-Nyquist Single-Pixel Imaging by Total Variation Ascending Ordering of the Hadamard Basis’, Xiao Yu, Rayko Stantchev, F. Yang and Emma Pickwell-MacPherson, Springer Nature

    Scientific Reports, 10(1), 2020, DOI:10.1038/s41598-020-66371-5

  38. ‘Real-time terahertz imaging with a single-pixel detector’, Rayko Stantchev, Xiao Yu, Thierry Blu and Emma Pickwell-MacPherson, Nature Communications, 11(1), 2020, DOI:10.1038/s41467-020-16370-x

  39. ‘Objective and efficient terahertz signal denoising by transfer function reconstruction’, Xuequan Chen, Sarah Sun, Rayko Stantchev and Emma Pickwell-MacPherson, APL Photonics, 5(5):056104, 2020, DOI:10.1063/5.0002968

  40. ‘Broadband amplitude, frequency, and polarization splitter for terahertz frequencies using parallel-plate waveguide technology’, Arturo Ignacio Hernández Serrano, Daniel M. Mittleman and Emma Pickwell-MacPherson, Optics Letters, 45(5):1208-1211, 2020, DOI:10.1364/OL.45.001208

  41. ‘Total Internal Reflection Geometry: Exploiting Total Internal Reflection Geometry for Terahertz Devices and Enhanced Sample Characterization’, Sarah Sun, Xuequan Chen, Xudong Liu, Rayko Stantchev and Emma Pickwell-MacPherson, Advanced Optical Materials, 8(3):2070012, 2020, DOI:10.1002/adom.202070012

  42. ‘A Sensitive and Versatile Thickness Determination Method Based on Non-Inflection Terahertz Property Fitting’, Xuequan Chen and Emma Pickwell-MacPherson, Sensors, 19(19):4118, 2019. DOI:10.3390/s19194118

  43. ‘Highly Efficient Ultra‐Broadband Terahertz Modulation Using Bidirectional Switching of Liquid Crystals’, Xuequan Chen, Kaidi Li, Rui Zhang, Swadesh Kumar Gupta, Abhishek Kumar Srivastava and Emma Pickwell-MacPherson, Advanced Optical Materials, 7(24):1901321, 2019, DOI:10.1002/adom.201901321

  44. ‘A Robust Protocol for In Vivo THz Skin Measurements’, Hannah Lindley-Hatcher, Arturo Ignacio Hernández, Serrano, Sarah Sun, Jiarui Wang, Juan Cebrián, Laurent Blasco and Emma Pickwell-MacPherson, Journal of Infrared, Millimeter and Terahertz Waves 40(3), 2019, DOI:10.1007/s10762-019-00619-8

  45. ‘Genetic Algorithm Based Optimization for Terahertz Time-Domain Adaptive Sampling’, Kaidi Li, Xuequan Chen, Shuaiqi Shen, Rui Zhang and Emma Pickwell-MacPherson, IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology PP(99):1-1, 2019, DOI:10.1109/TTHZ.2019.2935635

  46. ‘In vivo terahertz imaging to evaluate scar treatment strategies: silicone gel sheeting’, Jiarui Wang, Sarah Sun, Rayko Stantchev, Tor Chiu, Anil T. Ahuja and Emma Pickwell-MacPherson, Biomedical Optics Express, 10(7):3584-3590, 2019, DOI:10.1364/BOE.10.003584

  47. ‘Exploiting Total Internal Reflection Geometry for Terahertz Devices and Enhanced Sample Characterization’, Sarah Sun, Xuequan Chen, Xudong Liu, Rayko Stantchev and Emma Pickwell-MacPherson, Advanced Optical Materials, 8(3), 2019, DOI:10.1002/adom.201900535

  48. ‘Scalable interdigitated photoconductive emitters for the electrical modulation of terahertz beams with arbitrary linear polarization’, Connor Mosley, Michael Staniforth, Arturo Ignacio Hernández Serrano, Emma Pickwell-MacPherson and James Lloyd-Hughes, AIP Advances, 9(4):045323, 2019, DOI:10.1063/1.5086428

  49. ‘Utilizing multilayer structures to enhance terahertz characterization of thin films ranging from aqueous solutions to histology slides’, Sarah Sun, Kai Liu, Xuequan Chen, Xudong Liu, A. I. Hernandez-Serrano and Emma Pickwell-MacPherson, Optics Letters, 44(9):2149-2152, 2019, DOI:10.1364/OL.44.002149

  50. ‘Design and fabrication of 3-D printed conductive polymer structures for THz polarization control’, Arturo Ignacio Hernández Serrano, Sarah Sun, Elizabeth G. Bishop, Elliott R. Griffiths, Christopher P. Purssell, Simon J. Leigh, James Lloyd-Hughes and Emma Pickwell-MacPherson, Optics Express, 27(8):11635-11641, 2019, DOI:10.1364/OE.27.011635

  51. ‘Terahertz Microfluidic Metamaterial Biosensor for Sensitive Detection of Small Volume Liquid Samples’, Zhang, Rui & Chen, Qingming & Liu, Kai & Zefeng, Chen & Li, Kaidi & Zhang, Xuming & Xu, J.B. and Pickwell-MacPherson, Emma. IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology. PP. 1-1., 2019, DOI: 10.1109/TTHZ.2019.2898390.

  52. ‘Editorial: 5G-Based mHealth Bringing Healthcare Convergence to Reality’, Yuan-Ting Zhang and Emma Pickwell-MacPherson, IEEE Reviews in Biomedical Engineering 12:2-3, 2019, DOI:10.1109/RBME.2019.2894481

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