Bibliography
Virgil’s Aeneid
Essential for new first-year students arriving in Sept. 2025: Please read or re-read the Aeneid in English before the start of term (recommended edition: D. West 2003, Penguin Classics; but F. Ahl 2007 edition is also available online and has excellent notes!). You might also begin reading Book 11 in Latin (using Scott McGill's 2020 Cambridge text and commentary)
Optional: Excellent starting points for critical interpretations are: Hardie 1998 (an introduction to the poem), the companions by Martindale (1997), Horsfall (2000), and Farrell and Putnam (2010), and the selection of essays collected in Harrison (1990), and Hardie (1999).
The following bibliography includes other important works on the Aeneid and on Sallust's BC, available in the University Library. A full module bibliography will be provided at the start of term 1
Cairns, F. (1989) Virgil’s Augustan Epic, Cambridge. [ebook]
Camps, W.A. (1969) An Introduction to Virgil’s Aeneid, London [printed resource]
Clausen, W.V. (1964) ‘An interpretation of the Aeneid’, HSCP 68: 139- 47.
Conte, G.B. (2007) The Poetry of Pathos: Studies in Epic, Oxford. [ebook]
*Farrell, J. and Putnam, M.C.J. (2010) (eds.) A Companion to Vergil’s Aeneid and its Tradition, Malden MA [ebook].
Farrell, J. (2021) Juno's Aeneid. A Battle for Heroic Identity, Princeton.
Hardie, P.R. (1986) Virgil’s Aeneid: Cosmos and Imperium, Oxford [printed resource]
* Hardie, P.R. (1998) Virgil, Oxford [printed resource]
* Hardie, P.R., ed. 1999. Virgil. Critical assessments of classical authors, vols 3-4, London (classic articles) [printed resource]
*Harrison, S.J. (ed.) (1990) Oxford readings in Virgil’s Aeneid, Oxford (classic articles) [printed resource]
*Horsfall, N. (2000) A Companion to the Study of Virgil, Leiden [ebook]
Johnson, W.R. (1979) Darkness Visible: A Study of Vergil’s Aeneid, Berkeley [printed resource]
Kennedy, D. 'Augustan and anti-Augustan. Reflection on terms of reference.' In Powell, A. (ed.) Roman Poetry and Propaganda in the Age of Augustus, London.
Lovatt, H. (2013) The Epic Gaze. Vision, Gender and Narrative in Ancient Epic, Oxford.
Lyne, R.O.A.M. (1987) Further Voices in Vergil’s Aeneid, Oxford [printed resource]
*Martindale, C. (ed.) (1997) Cambridge Companion to Virgil, Cambridge [ebook]
O’Hara, J.J. (1990) Death and the Optimistic Prophecy in Vergil’s Aeneid [printed resource]
Parry, A. (1963) ‘The Two Voices of Virgil’s Aeneid’, Arion 2, 66-80.
Pöschl, V. (1970) The Art of Vergil: Image and Symbol in the Aeneid, Ann Arbor [printed resource]
Quinn, K. (2006) Virgil’s Aeneid: A Critical Description, Bristol [printed resource]
Ross, D.O. (2007) Virgil’s Aeneid: A Reader’s Guide, Malden MA [ebook]
Thomas, R.F. (2001) Virgil and the Augustan Reception, Cambridge [ebook]
Thomas, R.F. and J. M. Ziolkowski (eds) (2014) The Virgil encyclopedia, 3 vols, Malden MA (bite-sized summaries of names, topics, authors, etc.)
Aeneid on jstor: http://www.aeneidinjstor.eu/
Virgil Aeneid Book 11
Alessio, M. (1993), Studies in Vergil: Aeneid Eleven: An Allegorical Approach, Laval.
Anderson, W.S. (1999), ‘Aeneid 11: The Saddest Book’, in C. Perkell (ed.), Reading Vergil’s Aeneid: An Interpretative Guide, Norman, 195–209.
Basson, W. P. (1984), ‘Vergil’s Mezentius: A Pivotal Personality’, Acta Classica 27, 57–70.
―. (1986), ‘Virgil’s Camilla: A Paradoxical Character’, Acta Classica 29, 57–6.
Becker, T. H. (1997), ‘Ambiguity and the Female Warrior: Vergil’s Camilla’, Electronic Antiquity 4.1.
Carstairs-McCarthy, A. (2015) 'Does Aeneas violate the truce in Aeneid 11?' CQ 65: 704-13.
Casali, S. (2023) 'A misunderstood passage and an unnecessary deletionin Virgil Aen.11.399-409', Classical Philology 118.1: 114-25.
Dinter, M. (2005), ‘Epic and Epigram: Minor Heroes in Virgil’s Aeneid’, Classical Quarterly 55.1, 153–69.
Egan, R. B. (1983), ‘Arms and Etymology in Aeneid 11’, Vergilius 29, 19–26.
Fantham, E. (1999a), ‘Fighting Words: Turnus at Bay in the Latin Council (Aeneid 11.234–446)’, American Journal of Philology 120, 259–80.
Fletcher, K.F.B. (2006) 'Vergil's Italian Diomedes' AJPH 127: 219-59
Fowler, D. P. (1987), ‘Virgil on Killing Virgins’, in M. Whitby, P. Hardie, and M. Whitby (eds.), Homo Viator: Classical Essays for John Bramble, Bristol and Oak Partk, IL, 185–98.
Frantantuono, L. (2007a), Madness Unchained: A Reading of Virgil’s Aeneid, Lanham.
―. (2007b), ‘Virgil’s Camilla’, Athenaeum 95, 271–86.
―. (2009), A Commentary on Virgil, Aeneid XI, Brussels.
Gransden, K.W. (1991) Virgil, Aeneid Book Xi, Cambridge.
Hardie, P.R. (1998), ‘Fame and Defamation in the Aeneid: the Council of Latins (Aen. 11.225–467)’, in H.-P. Stahl (ed.), Vergil’s Aeneid: Augustan Epic and Political Context, London, 243–70.
Horsfall, N. (2003), Virgil, Aeneid 11: A Commentary, Leiden and Boston.
McAuley, M. (2016), Reproducing Rome. Motherhood in Virgil, Ovid, Seneca, and Statius, Oxford.
Mitchell, R.N. (1992) 'The violence of virginity in the Aeneid' Arethusa 24: 219-38.
Viparelli, V. (2008) 'Camilla, a queen undefeated, even in death' Vergilius 54: 9-23.
West, G. S. (1985), ‘Chloreus and Camilla’, Vergilius 31, 22–29.
Xinyue, B. (2017), ‘Imperatrix and bellatrix: Cicero’s Clodia and Vergil’s Camilla’, in D. Campanile, F. Carlà-Uhink, and M. Facella (eds.), TransAntiquity: Cross-Dressing and Transgender Dynamics in the Ancient World, London and New York, 164–78, https://www.docdroid.net/KF4ld5P/domitilla-campaniletransantiquity-crossdressing-and-transgender-dynamics-in-the-ancientworld-1-1.pdf#page=17
Sallust
Sallust’s works are available in English in the 2016 edition of William W. Batstone, Oxford [available as e-book]. Levene 2010 and Kraus and Woodman 1997 are excellent starting points for an overview of the author. Syme 1964 is a classic.
Earl, D. C. (1961) The Political Thought of Sallust, Cambridge [in library]
*Feldherr, A. (2009) The Cambridge Companion to the Roman Historians, Cambridge [e-book]
Kapust, D. J. (2011) Republicanism, Rhetoric, and Roman Political Thought: Sallust, Livy, and Tacitus, Cambridge [e-book]
*Kraus, C. S. and Woodman, A. J. (1997) Latin Historians, Oxford [printed resource]
* Levene, D. S. (2010) ‘Sallust’ in The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Greece and Rome, vol. 6 (ed. M. Gagarine and E. Fantham), Oxford, pp. 200-202. [in library]
Mellor, R. (1999) The Roman Historians, London and New York, pp. 30-47 [e-book]
Poulsen, A.D. and Jönssen, A. (eds.) (2021) Historiography of Rome and its Empire, Leiden.
*Syme, R. (1964) Sallust, Berkeley [in library]
Sallust’s Bellum Catilinae
Please read Sallust’s Bellum Catilinae with the recommended commentary of Ramsey (J.T. Ramsey, Sallust’s Bellum Catilinae, 2nd edition, Oxford 2007). We will discuss some of the following in class.
Baraz, Y. (2012) 'Otiose otium: The Status of intellectual activity in late Republican prefaces' Chapter one of Baraz 2012, A Written Republic, Princeton,
Batstone, W. W. (1986) ‘Incerta pro certis. An Interpretation of Sallust Bellum Catilinae 48.4.-49.4’, Ramus 15, 105-21.
--- (1988) ‘Quantum ingenium possum. On Sallust’s use of ingenium in Bellum Catilinae 53.6’, CJ 83, 301-6 [e-journal]
--- (1988) ‘The Antithesis of Virtue. Sallust’s Synkrisis and the Crisis of the Late Republic’, ClAnt 7, 1-29 [e-journal]
--- (1988) ‘Intellectual Conflict and Mimesis in Sallust’s Bellum Catilinae,’ in J.W. Allison (ed.) Conflict, Antithesis, and the Ancient Historian, Columbus, OH, 112-32
--- (2010) ‘Catiline’s Speeches in Sallust’s Bellum Catilinae’ in D. H. Berry and A. Erskine (eds.) Forms and Function in Roman Oratory, Cambridge, 227-46
*--- (2010) ‘Word at War: The Prequel’ in B. W. Breed, C. Damon and A. Rossi (2010) Citizens of Discord: Rome and its Civil Wars, Oxford, 47-51 [e-book]
Boyd, B. W. (1987) ‘Virtus effeminata and Sallust’s Semprionia’, TAPA 117, 183-201
Cairns, F. ‘Lentulus’ letter; Cicero In Catilinam 3.12, Sallust Bellum Catilinae 44.3-6’ Historia 61.1: 78-82
*Feldherr, A. (2012) ‘“Magna mihi copia est memorandi”: modes of historiography in the speeches of Caesar and Cato (Sallust, Bellum Catilinae 51-4)’, in J. Grethlein and C.B. Krebs (eds.) Time and Narrative in Ancient Historiography, Cambridge, 95-112. [e-book]
*--- (2013) ‘Free Spirits: Sallust and the Citation of Catiline’, AJPh 134.1, 49-66.
* Gunderson, E. (2000) ‘The history of the mind and the philosophy of history in Sallust’s BC’ Ramus 29.2: 85-126.
*Krebs, C. B. (2008) ‘Catiline’s Ravaged Mind: “uastus animus” (Sall. BC 5.5)’ in CQ 58.2, 682-6.
--- (2008) ‘The Imagery of “the Way” in the proem to Sallust’s Bellum Catilinae (1-4), AJPh 129.4, 581-94.
--- (2008) ‘“Hebescere uirtus” (Sall. Cat. 12.1): metaphorical Ambiguity’, HSPh 104, 231-6.
*Levene, D. S. (2000) ‘Sallust’s Catiline and Cato the Censor’, CQ 50, 170-91.
Leventi, M. (2023) 'Memoria and endings in Sallust's Bellum Catilinae' Phoenix 77.1: 43-60
*Marincola, J. (2010) ‘Eros and Empire: Vergil and the Historians on Civil War’ in C. S. Kraus, J. Marincola and C. B. R. Pelling (eds.) Ancient Historiography and its Contexts, Oxford, 183-204 [e-book]
MacKay, L.A. (1962) ‘Sallust’s Catiline: Date and Purpose’, Phoenix 16, 302-11.
Melchior, A. (2010) ‘Citizen as enemy in Sallust’s Bellum Catilinae’ in R.M.Rosen and I. Sluiter (eds.) Valuing Others in Classical Antiquity, Leiden, 391-415.
Muse, K. (2012) ‘Sallust’s Imitation of Greek Models at Catiline 14.2-3’, Mnemosyne 65, 40-61.
Pagán, V. E. (2010) ‘Forestalling Violence in Sallust and Vergil’, Mouseion (Canada) 10.1, 23-44 [e-journal]
Paul, G. M. (1985) ‘Sallust’s Sempronia. The Portrait of a Lady’, in PLLS 5, 9-22.
Pulz, E. (2025) 'How to live up to Sallust: Metaleptic rhetoric in the Bellum Catilinae' AJPH 146.1: 73-100.
Sklenár, R. (1998) ‘La Republique des Signes: Caesar, Cato, and the Language of Sallustian Morality’, TAPA 128, 205ff.
Wilkins, A. T. (1994) Villain or Hero: Sallust’s Portrayal of Catiline, New York [in library]
Williams, K. (2000) ‘Manlius’ mandata: Sallust BC 33’ Classical Philology 95.2: 160-71.
Wiseman, T. P. (2010) ‘The Two-Headed State: Hor Romans Explained Civil War’, in B. W. Breed, C. Damon and A. Rossi (2010) Citizens of Discord: Rome and its Civil Wars, Oxford, 25-44 [e-book]
On Sallust and Virgil
Pagán. V.E. (2010) ‘Forestalling violence in Sallust and Virgil’, Museion 101: 23-44.
Woodman, A.J. (2020) ‘Virgil and Sallust: Aeneid 10.354-79 and Bellum Catilinae 58-60’ CQ 72.2: 944-9.
On Catiline and the Conspiracy
Bradley, K. (1978) ‘Slaves and the Conspiracy of Catiline’, CP 73, 329-36.
*Harrison, I. (2008) ‘Catiline, Clodius, and Popular Politics at Rome during the 60s and 50s BCE’, BICS 51, 95-118.
*Levick, B. (2015) Catiline, London [in library]
Negri, G. (1978) The Case of Catiline, Rome [e-book]
Phillips, E. J. (1976) ‘Catiline’s Conspiracy’, Historia 25, 441-8
Seager, R. (1964) ‘The First Catilinarian Conspiracy’ Historia 13, 338-47.
--- (1973) ‘Iusta Catilinae’, Historia 22, 240-8.
Sumner, G. V. (1963) ‘The Last Journey of L. Sergius Catilina’, CP 58, 215-9.
Waters, K. H. (1970) ‘Cicero, Sallust and Catiline’, Historia 195-215.
On Cicero Catilinarians 1
Batstone, W. W. (1994) ‘Cicero’s Construction of Consular Ethos in the First Catilinarian’ TAPA 124, 211-66.
Craig, C. (1993) ‘Three Simple Questions for Teaching Cicero’s “First Catilinarian”, CJ 88, 255-67.
--- (2007) ‘Self-Restraint, Invective, and Credibility in Cicero’s ‘First Catilinarian Oration’, AJPh 128.3, 335-9.
Dyck, A.R. (2008) Cicero Catilinarians, Cambridge Greek and Latin Classics, Cambridge.
Eagle, E. D. (1949) ‘Catiline and the “Concordia Ordinum”, Phoenix 3.1, 15-30.
Franzen, C. E. (2012-13) ‘Branding Catiline: Metaphorical Enslavement in the “First Catilinarian” Oration’, CW 106.3, 355-64.
Malcolm, D. A. (1979) ‘“Quo Usque Tandem…?” CQ 29.1, 219-20.
Van der Blom, H. (2010) Cicero’s Role Models: The political Strategy of a Newcomer, Oxford [e-book]
--- (2016) Oratory and Political Career in the late Roman Republic, Cambridge [e-book]
