This workshop seeks to bring together established and early-career scholars to examine scientific, medical and cultural approaches to psychological trauma in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe. It has often been assumed that forced conformity to Pavlov’s teaching across the region led to the neglect of the mental realm and a profound suspicion towards questions of traumatised consciousness. While recognising the ideological constraints placed on scientists and cultural producers, this workshop seeks to shed light on the broad range of engagements with psychological trauma that persisted throughout this period. We invite proposals for papers that reveal the unique tradition of understanding trauma that emerged in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe in the twentieth century.