Seminar Questions:

• How did ordinary Germans experience the defeat of the Third Reich?

  

• Which main changes did the Allies introduce to overcome Nazism in Germany?

• How successful were attempts at ‘de-Nazification’ (compare the attitude and tactics of different occupying forces)?

Reading List:

Required Reading:

• Stefan-Ludwig Hoffmann, 'Germany is No More: Defeat, Occupation, and the Postwar Order' in Helmut Walser Smith (ed.), The Oxford Handbook of Modern German History (OUP, 2012)
• Atina Grossmann, 'Gendered Defeat: Rape, Motherhood, and Fraternization' in A. Grossmann (eds.), Jews, Germans, and Allies: close encounters in occupied Germany (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2007), pp.48-87

Primary Sources:

• Report by the American Secret Service about the Attitudes of the German Population in the
  American Occupation Zone (August 12, 1945)
• Analysis of Denazification Categories in the Western Occupation Zones (1949-1950)
• The Present Status of Denazification (December 31, 1950)

• Anonyma, A Woman in Berlin (London: Virago, 2004) pp. 64-112 (April 27- May 1, 1945).
• The Editor-in-Chief of Die Zeit on the Nuremberg Trials (January 22, 1948) and the American Response (February 12, 1948)

Further Reading:

• The Reunion - The Berlin Airlift (BBC programme bringing together five people involved in the 1948 Berlin airlift)
• Things we Forgot to Remember - The Morgantau Plan and Post-War Germany (BBC programme about Alliesd plan for post-war Germany)
• Anon, A Woman in Berlin: Eight Weeks in the Conquered City (Metropolitan Books, 2005).
• Anthony Beevor, Berlin: The Downfall 1945 (2007)
• Richard Bessel, Germany 1945: From War to Peace (2009)
• Rebecca L. Boehling, A Question of Priorities: Democratic Reforms and Economic Recovery in Postwar Germany (Oxford, 1996).
• Joanna Bourke, Rape: A History from 1860 to the Present Day (2007)
• Oleg Budnitskii, "The Intelligentsia Meets the Enemy: Educated Soviet Officers in Defeated Germany, 1945," Kritika , Vol. 10, No. 3 , Summer 2009.
• Hilary Earl, The Nuremberg SS-Einsatzgruppen trial, 1945-1958: Atrocity, law, and history (Cambridge; New York : Cambridge University Press, 2009).
• Carolyn Eisenberg, Drawing the Line: The American Decision to Divide Germany, 1944-1949 (Cambridge UP, 1996).
• Jennifer Evans, Life among the ruins: Cityscape and sexuality in Cold War Berlin (Houndmills, Basingstoke: New York, 2011).
• Heidi Fehrenbach, Cinema in Democratizing Germany: Reconstructing National Identity after Hitler (Univ. of North Carolina Press, 1995).
• Michael Geyer, ‘The Place of the Second World War in German Memory and History,’ New German Critique, 71 (Spring/Summer 1997), pp. 5-40.
• Atina Grossman, ‘A Question of Silence: The Rape of German Women by Occupation Soldiers’, in Richard Merritt (ed.), Democracy Imposed: U.S. Policy and the German Public, 1945-1949 (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1995), pp. 33-52.
• Laura Hilton, "The Black Market in History and Memory: German Perceptions of Victimhood from 1945-1948", German History, Vol. 28, No. 4 (2010), pp. 479-497
• Claudia Koonz, ‘Between Memory and Oblivion: Concentration Camps in German Memory,’ in John R. Gillis (ed.), Commemorations: The Politics of National Identity (Princeton UP, 1994), pp. 215-238.
• Rudy Koshar, ‘Building Pasts: Historic Preservation and Identity in Twentieth-Century Germany,’ in John R. Gillis (ed.), Commemorations: The Politics of National Identity (Princeton UP, 1994), pp. 215-238.
• __________, Germany's Transient Pasts: Preservation and National Memory in the Twentieth Century (The Univ. of North Carolina Press, 1998).
• Nicolas Lewkowicz, The German Question and the International Order, 1943-43 (Palgrave MacMillan, 2010).
• _______________, The German Question and the Origins of the Cold War (IPOC, 2008)
• Alf Lüdtke, ‘”Coming to Terms With the Past.” Illusions of Remembering. Ways of Forgetting Nazism in West Germany,’ Journal of Modern History, Vol. 65, no. 3 (Sep. 1993), pp. 542-72.
• Martin McCauley, The Origins of the Cold War, 1941-1949 (2008) - An excellent introduction that puts events in Germny in their international context.
• Giles MacDonogh, After the Reich: from the Liberation of Vienna to the Berlin Airlift (2007)
• Harold Marcuse, Legacies of Dachau: The Uses and Abuses of a Concentration Camp, 1933-2001 (Cambridge UP, 2001).
• Patricia Meehan, A Strange Enemy People: Germans Under the British, 1945-50 (2001)
• Robert Moeller, "The Third Reich in Post-War German Memory" in Jane Caplan (ed.), Nazi Germany (OUP, 2008), pp. 246-266
• ____________, War Stories: The Search for a Usable Past in the Federal Republic of Germany (Univ. of California Press, 2001).
• Beate Ruhm von Oppen, Documents on Germany Under Occupation, 1945-1954 (OUP, 1955)
• Richard Overy, Interrogations: The Nazi Elite in Allied Hands, 1945 (2001)
• Saul K. Padover, Experiment in Germany: The Story of an American Intelligence Officer (Duell, Sloan and Pearce, 1946).
• Devin Pendas, “Retroactive Law and Proactive Justice: Debating Crimes against Humanity in Germany, 1945-1950,” Central European History (2010): pp. 428-463.
• Uta Poiger,Jazz, Rock, and Rebels: Cold War Politics and American culture in a Divided Germany (Univ. of California Press, 2000).
• Kim C. Priemel and Alexa Stiller, eds., Reassessing the Nuremberg Military Tribunals : Transitional justice, trial narratives, and historiography (New York : Berghahn Books, 2012).
• Anson Rabinbach, In the Shadow of Catastrophe: German Intellectuals between Apocalypse and Enlightenment (Univ. of California Press, 1997).
• Charles S. Maier & Gunter Bischof (eds.), The Marshall Plan and Germany: West German Development within the Framework of the European Recovery Program (Berg, 1992)
• Manfred Malzahn, Germany, 1945-1949: A Sourcebook (Routledge, 1991), especially chapters 1 and 2
• Robert Moeller (ed.), West Germany under Construction: Politics, Society, and Culture in the Adenauer Era (Univ. of Michigan Press, 1997).
• Richard Reeves, Daring Young Men: The Heroism and Triumph of the Berlin Airlift, June 1948-May 1949 (2010)
• Kori Schake, "The Berlin Crises of 1948-49 and 1958-62" in Beatrice Heuser & Robert O'Neill (eds.), Securing Peace in Europe, 1945-62 (1992)
• Wolfgang Schivelbusch,In a Cold Crater: Cultural and Intellectual Life in Berlin, 1945-1948 (Univ. of California Press, 1998).
• Helena P. Schrader, The Blockade Breakers: The Berlin Airlift (2010)
• W. R. Smyser, From Yalta to Berlin: The Cold War Struggle Over Germany (2000)
• Andrew Szanajda, The Allies and the German Problem, 1941–1949: From Cooperation to Alternative Settlement (Palgrave, 2015)
• Ian D. Turner (ed), Reconstruction in Postwar Germany: British Occupation Policy and the Western Zones, 1945-1955 (Oxford UP, 1989).
• Alice Weinreb, “Embodying German Suffering: Rethinking Popular Hunger during the Hunger Years,” Body Politics. Zeitschrift für Körpergeschichte (3) Fall 2013.
• David Williamson, Germany from Defeat to Partition, 1945-1963 (2000)