Seminar Questions:

• How "fair" was the Treaty of Versailles and what was its impact on the young Weimar Republic?

• To what extent was Gustav Stresemann's foreign policy a success?
• In what ways other than high politics/diplomacy did Weimar Germany interact with the wider world?

Reading List:

Required Reading:

• Wolfgang Elz, 'Foreign Policy' in Anthony McElligott (ed.) Weimar Germany (OUP, 2009), pp. 50-77
• Elana Passman, 'Civic Activism and the Pursuit of Cooperation in the Locarno Era' in Carine Germond and Henning Turk (eds.), A history of Franco-German relations in Europe: From "hereditary enemies" to partners (Palgrave, 2008)
• Tara Windsor, '‘Rekindling Contact: Anglo-German Academic Exchange after the First World War’ in Heather Ellis & Ulrike Kirchberger (eds.), Anglo-German Scholarly Relations in the Long Nineteenth Century (Leiden: Brill, 2014), pp. 212-231.

Primary Sources:

• The Treaty of Versailles (1919)
• The Rapallo Treaty (1922)
• The Locarno Pact (1925)
• Rudolf Kayser, "Americanism" (1925)
• Ernst Lorsy, "The Hour of Chewing Gum" (1926)

Further Reading:

General Works on Weimar Foreign Policy:

• Conan Fischer, A Vision of Europe: Franco-German Relations in the Great Depression, 1929-1932 (2017) OUP
• Imanuel Geiss, ‘German Foreign Policy in the Weimar Republic and the Third Reich, 1919-1945’ in Panikos Panayi (ed.), Weimar and Nazi Germany: Continuities and Discontinuities (Harlow, 2001)
• Gaynor Johnson, The Berlin Embassy of Lord D'Abernon, 1920-1926 (Palgrave, 2002)
• Peter Krüger, ‘The European East and Weimar Germany’ in Eduard Mühle (ed.), Germany and the European East in the Twentieth Century (Oxford, 2003)
• Vejas Gabriel Liulevicius, The German Myth of the East: 1800 to the Present (Oxford, 2009)
• Gaines Post, The civil-military fabric of Weimar foreign policy (Princeton, 1973).
• Stephanie Salzmann, Great Britain, Germany and the Soviet Union: Papallo and After, 1922-1934 (Royal Historical Society, 2003)
• Robert Himmer, 'Rathenau, Russia and Rapallo', Central European History, Vol. 9, No. 2 (1976), pp. 146-183
• Colin Storer, A Short History of the Weimar Republic (I. B. Tauris, 2013), Chapter 4
• Vasilis Vourkoutiotis, Making common cause: German-Soviet secret relations, 1919-22 (Palgrave, 2007)
• R. P. Morgan, 'The Political Significance of German-Soviet Trade Negotiations, 1922-5', Historical Journal, Vol. 6, No. 2 (1963), pp. 253-71
• David J. Cameron, 'An Economic Bridgehead: Weimar Germany's Attempt to Mediate Between Soviet Russia and the United States', Diplomacy and Statecraft, Vol. 21, No. 4 (2010), pp. 614-630
• Michael Goebel, 'Decentring the German Spirit: The Weimar Republic's Cultural Relations with Latin America', Journal of Contemporary History, Vol. 44, No. 2 (Apr., 2009), pp. 221-245
• Verena Schöberl, 'Two “Naughty Siblings”: France and Germany in the Public Discussion of the Interwar Period' in Carine Germond and Henning Turk (eds.), A history of Franco-German relations in Europe: From "hereditary enemies" to partners (Palgrave, 2008)

The Treaty of Versailles and Reparations:

• Margaret Macmillan, Peacemakers (John Murray, 2001)
• Jürgen Tampke, A Perfidious Distortion of History: The Versailles Peace Treaty and the Success of the Nazis (Scribe, 2017)
• Peter Collar, The Propaganda War in the Rhineland: Weimar Germany, Race and Occupation After World War I (I. B. Tauris, 2013)
• Sir James Edmonds, The occupation of the Rhineland, 1918-1929 (HMSO, 1987)
• Gerlad D. Feldman, 'The Reparations Debate', Diplomacy and Statecraft, Vol. 16, No. 3 (2005), pp. 487-498
• Conan Fischer, The Ruhr Crisis, 1923-1924 (Oxford, 2003)
• Conan Fischer, 'The Human Price of Reparations', Diplomacy and Statecraft, Vol. 16, No. 3 (2005), pp.499-514
• Marvin Fried, 'Brockdorff-Rantzau and the Struggle for a Just Peace', Diplomacy and Statecraft, Vol. 16, No. 2 (2005), pp. 403-416
• Leonard Gomes, German reparations, 1919-1932 : a historical survey (Palgrave, 2010)
• Ruth Henig, Versailles and After, 1919-1933 (Routledge, 2003)
• Stephen A. Schuker, 'J.M. Keynes and the Personal Politics of Reparations: Part 1', Diplomacy & Statecraft, Volume 25, Issue 3, (2014), pp. 453-471
• ________________, 'J.M. Keynes and the Personal Politics of Reparations: Part 2', Diplomacy & Statecraft, Volume 25, Issue 4, (2014), pp. 579-591
• Alan Sharp, 'The Enforcement of the Treaty of Versailles, 1919–1923', Diplomacy and Statecraft, Vol. 16, No. 3 (2005), pp. 423-438

Stresemann, Locarno and Erfüllungspolitik:

• David Cameron and Anthony Heywood, ‘Germany, Russia and Locarno: The German-Soviet Trade Treaty of 12 October 1925’ in Gaynor Johnson (ed.), Locarno Revisited: European Diplomacy 1920-29 (London, 2004)
• Jon Jacobson, Locarno diplomacy : Germany and the West, 1925-1929 (Princeton, 1972)
• Jonathan Wright, Gustav Stresemann: Weimar's Greatest Statesman (OUP, 2004)
• Jonathan Wright, ‘Stresemann and Locarno’, Contemporary European History, Vol. 4, No. 2 (1995), pp. 109-131

• Jonathan Wright and Julian Wright, 'One Mind at Locarno? Aristide Briand and GustavStresemann' in Steven Casey and Jonathan Wright (eds.), Mental Maps in the Era of Two World Wars (Palgrave, 2008), pp. 58-76

Nationalism, Cultural Diplomacy and Migration:

• Erin R. Hochman, Imagining a Greater Germany: Republican Nationalism and the Idea of Anchluss (Cornell University Press, 2017)
• Richard Blanke, 'The German Minority in Inter-War Poland and German Foreign Policy - Some Reconsiderations', Journal of Contemporary History Vol. 25, No. 1 (Jan., 1990), pp. 87-102
• John Hiden, 'The Weimar Republic and the Problem of the Auslandsdeutsche', Journal of Contemporary History Vol. 12, No. 2 (Apr., 1977), pp. 273-289
• Sally Marks, 'Black Watch on the Rhine: A Study in Propaganda, Prejudice and Prurience', European History Quarterly, (July 1983) 13, pp. 297-334
• Keith L. Nelson, 'The "Black Horror on the Rhine": Race as a Factor in Post-World War I Diplomacy', The Journal of Modern History Vol. 42, No. 4 (Dec., 1970), pp. 606-627
• Thomas J. Saunders, Hollywood in Berlin: American Cinema and Weimar Germany (University of California Press, 1994)
• _________________, Thomas J. Saunders, "How American Was It? Popular Culture from Weimar to Hitler," in Agnes C. Mueller (ed.), German Pop Culture: How 'American' Is It? (University of Michigan Press, 2004), pp. 52-65