Core Skills Framework

Produced by Parmjit Dhugga, Steven Burke, Tom Greenaway, Dave Musson
In consultation with a range of advisors – see Academic Advisory Group memberships 2022
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A circular diagram shows the 12 core skills on the middle ring grouped under 3 categories on the inner ring.
The Cognitive Abilities category comprises Critical Thinking, Information Literacy and Digital Literacy.
The Engagement, Influence & Impact category comprises Teamwork, Intercultural Awareness, Communication and Sustainability.
The Personal Effectiveness category comprises Self Awareness, Ethical Values, Problem Solving, Professionalism and Organisational Awareness.
The outer ring lists the subskills for each core skill, as follows:
- Critical thinking: identifying, clarifying, questioning, interpreting, analysing, evaluating, arguing, contextualising, synthesising.
- Information literacy: understanding academic information; understanding information outside of academia, valuing and using information, articulating information need, searching for information, managing information, selecting information, using and creating information.
- Digital literacy: IT skills, data skills, information evaluation, data security, social media content creation, app development, search engine optimisation, software creation, UX/UI development, data visualisation, reputation management, personal brand, using learning technologies.
- Sustainability: decision making, social engagement, community citizenship, global citizenship.
- Communication: creating discourse, presentation and public speaking, adapting output to audience, active listening, creative writing, professional writing, nonverbal communication.
- Intercultural awareness: intercultural communication, intercultural relationships, intercultural sensitivity, intercultural adaptation, intercultural understanding, language learning, language flexibility.
- Teamwork: collaboration, managing team processes, building and ,managing rapport, inclusive practices, overcoming and negotiating obstacles, creativity in teams, managing tasks in a team, virtual teamwork.
- Organisation awareness: organisational research, talent management, achieving organisational goals, networking, social impact, organisational cultural awareness, commercial awareness, external stakeholder awareness, market awareness.
- Professionalism: responsiveness to change, accountability & responsibility, time management, project management, risk management, operating autonomously, resilience, personal impact, leadership, emotional literacy, negotiation, working under pressure, attention to detail, creative thinking.
- Problem solving: problem design, intuitive problem solving, creative problem solving, co-creating, innovation, logical processing, cyclical reflection, decision making, learning from failure.
- Ethical values: integrity, trustworthiness, compassion, empathy, accountability, organisational values, freedom of expression, inclusivity, awareness of unconscious bias.
- Self-awareness: self-awareness, self-reflection, critical reflection, learning adaptability, responsiveness to opportunity, personal worldview.
Cognitive Abilities
The ability to independently analyse facts, data, information, and opinions to form an evaluation and engage in debate.
Subskills and definitions:
- Identifying: The ability to recognise and outline problems and questions and select or recognise an audience or interlocutor to engage with.
- Clarifying: The ability to plan research to develop understanding, and determine concepts or viewpoints needed for effective analysis of a topic.
- Questioning: The ability to interrogate a problem or a brief with focused terms of inquiry.
- Interpreting: The ability to determine, assign, and explain meaning in any example of information.
- Analysing: The ability to carefully examine information, identifying connections, contradictions, assumptions, and context.
- Contextualising: The ability to identify and analyse the contemporary and historical causes and consequences of sources and arguments.
- Evaluating: The ability to judge the quality and value of sources, evidence, and arguments.
- Arguing: The ability to engage effectively in a debate by drawing on your interpretations, analyses, and evaluations, and comparing them to others.
- Synthesising: The ability to articulate new patterns, arguments, and ideas based on examination of a range of different sources.
The ability to understand the nature, value, use, and management of information.
Subskills and definitions:
- Understanding Academic Information: the ability to recognise authority and credibility of academic sources and the confidence to challenge them; the ability to recognise the processes involved in the creation of academic information – publishing, editing and reviewing – and how they differ from non-academic sources.
- Understanding Information outside of Academia: the ability to understand differences between published and unpublished works, built in bias etc.
- Valuing and using information: the ability to give credit to the ideas of others – through citation, referencing and an understanding of IP and copyright.
- Articulating an information need: the ability to ask appropriate questions for the level of the enquiry.
- Searching for Information: the ability to locate and access information efficiently.
- Managing Information: the ability to find solutions for processing, storing and sending information.
- Selecting information: the ability to critically select the best and most appropriate sources for a specific need.
- Using and creating information: the ability to integrate, synthesise and use information correctly.
The ability to live, learn, and work in a society where communication and access to information is through digital technologies like internet platforms, social media, and mobile devices.
Subskills and definitions:
- IT skills: the ability to use the software and hardware of devices such as a personal computer, laptop, or a tablet.
- Data skills: The ability to analyse data and make informed recommendations to your employer, supervisor, colleagues, peers, or other audience.
- Information evaluation: the ability to determine relevance, accuracy, and overall credibility of sources and information.
- Data security: the ability to protect digital information from unauthorized access, corruption, or theft throughout its entire lifecycle.
- Social media content creation and management: the ability to create effective social media strategies and campaigns – including content planning and creation, customer service, social listening, budgeting, and data analysis.
- App development: the ability to create mobile applications, develop better security measures and maintain their competitive advantage in the industry.
- Search Engine Optimisation - SEO: the ability to increase the quantity and quality of traffic to your website through organic search engine results.
- Software creation: the ability to create successful programs and applications, which typically involves using mathematical knowledge and a capacity for problem-solving to write source code.
- UX/UI (user experience design and user interface design) development: the ability to design a pathway where all points of contact, from the opening of a product's box to the layout of its digital interfaces, are easy and enjoyable to navigate.
- Data visualisation: the ability to present data in a graphical or pictorial format to aid understanding and engagement.
- Reputation management: the ability to use digital channels to identify, monitor, and influence public opinion about a business or brand.
- Personal brand: the ability to shape the public perception of you as a brand by having a consistent voice, personality and biography on the various platforms, but also grow and change as you move through your career.
- Using Learning Technologies: The ability to engage with and use different learning technologies effectively.
Engagement Influence & Impact
The ability to work collaboratively.
Subskills and definitions:
- Collaboration: the ability to work with others, creating something with a combined effort and drawing on individual expertise.
- Managing Team Processes: the ability to set up a team, manage team meetings, and ensure that a project is followed through to completion.
- Building/managing Rapport: the ability to create and maintain positive relationships in a team, so that team members feel they are working in a safe environment.
- Inclusive Practices: the ability to create and maintain a teamwork environment that is inclusive and encourages all participants’ contributions.
- Overcoming and negotiating obstacles: the ability to work with your team through different difficulties that can occur during team projects.
- Creativity in Teams: the ability to effectively manage the ideas of team members, build on each other’s ideas, ensure that the idea space is collaborative rather than competitive.
- Leadership/ managing tasks within a team: the ability to lead a team effectively and manage your team members – leading on certain tasks/understanding shared or participative leadership
- Virtual Teamworking: the ability to work with team members online, managing virtual meeting technology and adopting different practices for virtual teamwork (around, for example, rapport building, managing meetings, creativity etc.)
The ability to work productively with people from diverse backgrounds.
Subskills and definitions:
- Intercultural Communication: the ability to communicate effectively with people from different cultural backgrounds.
- Intercultural Relationships: the ability to build rapport with people from different cultural backgrounds.
- Intercultural Sensitivity: the ability to reflect on your own actions, norms and identity in a multicultural setting and change your behaviour appropriately.
- Intercultural Adaptation: the ability to take on new, challenging information, ideas and practices and accept them and adapt to them.
- Intercultural Understanding: the ability to appropriately seek information about other cultures in order to inform you of how to behave in different cultural contexts.
- Language Learning: the ability to learn a foreign language in order to communicate with people from different cultures.
- Language Flexibility: the ability to use language flexibly in different multicultural contexts. This includes adapting your language to the audience, using language sensitively and able to use different styles of communication appropriately.
The ability to convey or share ideas and feelings effectively, by speaking, writing, through digital channels, or using some other medium.
Subskills and definitions:
- Creating discourse: the ability to formally organise knowledge, ideas, and experiences and express them through written or spoken communication.
- Presentation and public speaking: the ability to deliver information to different kinds of audiences in an effective and engaging manner to a group of listeners.
- Adapting output to audience: the ability to recognise the most appropriate method of communication for your audience and adapt your style and output accordingly.
- Active listening: the ability to listen and respond to another person to improve mutual understanding.
- Creative writing: the ability to use your imagination and creativity to express ideas and thoughts in a way which is personal to you.
- Professional writing: the ability to write in a way that is clear, concise, and that conveys information and ideas quickly in a professional setting, allowing professionals to make informed decisions.
- Nonverbal communication skills: the ability to convey information without the use of words.
Conditions for developing capabilities towards balancing the needs of human culture and wider environments for the present and future. The ability to develop capabilities towards balancing the needs of human culture and wider environments for the present and future.
Subskills and definitions:
- Decision Making: the ability to choose a solution that prioritises issues of sustainability including fairness and accountability over time.
- Social Engagement: the ability to communicate and prioritise issues and actions in sustainability within a community or through a network.
- Community Citizenship: the ability to recognise, exercise, and uphold social and cultural rights and responsibilities as a member of a particular community.
- Global Citizenship: the ability to recognise, exercise, and uphold social and cultural rights and responsibilities across communities, on a global scale.
- Contextualising: the ability to identify and analyse the contemporary and historical causes and consequences of climate and ecological change, and social inequality.
- Analysing: the ability to carefully examine information, identifying connections, contradictions, assumptions, context, and accountability.
- Accountability: the ability to take ownership of your own and your society’s thoughts, behaviours, actions, and performance, including future impacts.
- Resilience: the ability to face and adapt to large-scale challenges and crises, overcome, and recover from them.
- Corporate Social Responsibility/ Impact: the ability to understand the social and ecological responsibilities of organisations and act upon them on behalf of your organisation.
- Organisational cultural awareness: the ability to adapt your behaviour to suit the values, strategies, structures, and operations of an organisation.
- Personal Worldview: the ability to articulate/express your beliefs, feelings, principles, and apply them to your attitudes, behaviours, and actions.
Personal Effectiveness
The ability to be aware of your own personality, strengths, and emotions, then learn and develop accordingly.
Subskills and definitions:
- Self-Reflection: the ability to perceive and evaluate your cognitive, emotional, and behavioural processes, and set actions for development.
- Critical Reflection: the ability to examine personal or group experiences, drawing on critical theories and methods to test or evaluate.
- Learning Adaptability: the ability to remain open and receptive to new ways of learning and applying skills and experience.
- Responsiveness to Opportunity: the ability to recognise and evaluate opportunities suitable to you, then act decisively on them.
- Personal Worldview: the ability to articulate/express your beliefs, feelings, principles, and apply them to your attitudes, behaviours, and actions.
The ability to operate in the workplace with high moral standards – namely being fair, respectful, compassionate, honest, and responsible – as well as negotiate the sometimes-difficult situation of taking responsibility for your own actions.
Subskills and definitions:
- Integrity: the ability to do the right thing even in challenging circumstances and behave honourably even when no-one is watching.
- Trustworthiness: the ability to be honest, dependable, and reliable.
- Compassion: the ability to recognise the emotions of others and act on them if necessary.
- Empathy: the ability to recognise emotions and to share perspectives with other people.
- Accountability: the ability to take ownership of your own thoughts, behaviours, actions, and performance.
- Organisational values: the ability to understand the objectives, purpose, and character of an organisation or community, and adapt them into specific individual behaviours.
- Freedom of expression: the ability of an individual or group of individuals to express their beliefs, thoughts, ideas, and emotions about different issues free from censorship.
- Inclusivity: the ability to hear all voices within your organisation and act on what you're hearing.
- Being aware of unconscious bias: the ability to recognise and address any prejudice or unsupported judgments in favour of or against one thing, person, or group as compared to another, in a way that is usually considered unfair.
A process of defining a problem or challenge, then finding, designing, and selecting a solution to it.
Subskills and definitions:
- Problem Design: the ability to determine, analyse, and summarise the problem or objective for which a solution needs to be found.
- Intuitive Problem Solving: the ability to identify and evaluate solutions in a fast reactive way, using existing knowledge and emotional experience.
- Creative Problem Solving: the ability to imaginatively and independently search for solutions that are original and previously unknown.
- Co-Creating: the ability to work effectively with partners and teams to develop creative ideas and solutions.
- Innovation: the ability to develop creative ideas and solutions through to broader uses.
- Logical processing: the ability to find solutions and conclusions that are supported by definitions of the problem.
- Logical Reasoning: the ability to find solutions and conclusions that examine and challenge definitions of the problem.
- Cyclical Reflection: the ability to reflect on and evaluate periodically during the problem solving process.
- Decision Making: the ability to select from solutions to a problem, weighing up risk, effectiveness, and potential.
- Learning from Failure: the ability to recognise imperfect or unsuccessful solutions, reflect on them and apply your judgement.
The ability to be reliable, set your own high standards, and show you care about every aspect of your job by being industrious and organised, and holding yourself accountable for your thoughts, words, and actions.
Subskills and definitions:
- Responsiveness to change: the ability to adjust to short-term change quickly and calmly, so that you can deal with unexpected problems or tasks effectively.
- Accountability and responsibility: the ability to take ownership of your own thoughts, behaviours, actions, and performance.
- Time management: the ability to use your time productively and efficiently.
- Project management: the ability to effectively coordinate a project from start to finish.
- Risk management: the ability to minimise threats and maximise outcomes in a situation and take action to avoid either the problem or its consequences.
- Operating autonomously: the ability to work by yourself and get the job done with minimal direction and supervision.
- Resilience: the ability to face and adapt to challenges, overcome, and recover from them.
- Personal impact: the ability to understand how others perceive your actions and how these impact others.
- Leadership: the ability to motivate a group of people to act toward achieving a common goal.
- Emotional literacy: the ability to understand and manage your emotions and the emotions of others.
- Negotiation: the ability to have a dialogue between two or more people with conflicts to be resolved, with the aim of helping settle differences by reaching a compromise that satisfies all parties involved.
- Working under pressure: the ability to deal with constraints which are often outside of your control, and maintain level-headedness when urgent needs arise instead of getting stressed out and overwhelmed.
- Attention to detail: the ability to complete work tasks with thoroughness, accuracy and consistency.
- Creative thinking: the ability to consider something in a new way, and come up with innovative solutions to a problem.
The ability to understand how organisations work and act on that knowledge to interact effectively with and within them.
Subskills and definitions:
- Organisational Research: the ability to undertake research into an organisation.
- Talent Management: the ability to Attract, Retain and develop Talent
- Achieving Organisational Goals: the ability to contribute towards the goals of an organisation that you are part of or working with.
- Networking: the ability to network – to learn about the key people in an organisation and engage with them, use your acquaintance with them to achieve yours/your team’s goals.
- Corporate Social Responsibility/Social Impact: the ability to understand the responsibilities of organisations in society and act upon them on behalf of your organisation.
- Organisational cultural awareness: the ability to adapt your behaviour to suit the values, strategies, structures and operations of an organisation
- Commercial Awareness: the ability to understand what makes an organisation successful
- External stakeholder awareness: the ability to understand how external stakeholders affect an organisation's business operations and how these affect business strategies.
- Market Awareness: the ability to analyse the market needs and demands in which an organisation is operating in.