Library scans page

You are expected to read widely for class and essay research, and to use your research skills to find articles and books on topics of your interest. Use the list below as a guide and a starting-point.

Do make sure you accompany the course by reading the Skidmore core text as we go along. You may wish to buy a copy. The other two core texts contain useful materials on which we will base many of our seminar discussions, and you will need to refer to them often.

Scanned copies of some of the materials are available at the Library (see link at the top of this page), and books indicated for seminar reading will be placed on short loan.

Core Survey Text

• Thomas E Skidmore, Brazil: Five Centuries of Change (1999)

Core Texts for Seminars

• Peter M. Beattie (ed.) The human tradition in modern Brazil (2004) (E-book at library)
  
• Robert M. Levine and John J. Crocitti (eds), The Brazil reader: history, culture, politics (1999)

General

• Peter M. Beattie (ed.) The human tradition in modern Brazil (2004) (E-book at Library)
  
• José Maria Bello, A history of modern Brazil, 1889-1964 (1966)
• Leslie Bethell (ed.) Colonial Brazil (any edition)
• Leslie Bethell (ed.) Brazil: Empire and Republic, 1822-1930 (any edition
• Leslie Bethell (ed.), The Cambridge history of Latin America (1984)
• E Bradford Burns, A History of Brazil (any edition)
• Emilia Viotti da Costa, The Brazilian Empire: Myths and Histories (2000)
• Marshall Eakin, Brazil: The Once and Future Country (1997)
• Boris Fausto, A concise history of Brazil (1999)
• Celso Furtado, The economic growth of Brazil: a survey from colonial to modern times (1968)
• Robert Levine, A History of Brazil (1999)
• Robert M. Levine and John J. Crocitti (eds), The Brazil reader: history, culture, politics (1999)
• Colin M MacLachlan, A history of modern Brazil: the past against the future (2003)
• Teresa A Meade, A brief history of Brazil (2003)
• Rollie E. Poppino, Brazil: the land and people (1968)
• Darcy Ribeiro, The Brazilian people: the formation and meaning of Brazil (2000)
• Thomas E Skidmore, Brazil: Five Centuries of Change (1999)

Late Colonial Brazil

• Dauril Alden and Warren Dean (eds.) Essays concerning the socioeconomic history of Brazil and Portuguese India (1977)
• C R Boxer, The Golden Age of Brazil, 1695-1750 (Berkeley, 1964)
• N P Macdonald, The Making of Brazil: Portuguese Roots, 1550-1822 (1996)
• Kenneth R Maxwell, Conflicts and Conspiracies: Brazil and Portugal 1750-1808 (1973)
• Caio Prado Jr, The Colonial Background of Modern Brazil (1971)
• Stuart B Schwartz, Sugar Plantations in the Formation of Brazilian Society: Bahia 1550-1835 (1985)

Independence and Empire

• Roderick J Barman, Princess Isabel of Brazil: gender and power in the nineteenth century (2002)
• Roderick J Barman, Brazil: the forging of a nation, 1798-1852 (1988)
• Roderick J. Barman, Citizen emperor: Pedro II and the making of Brazil, 1825-1891 (1999)
• Roderick Cavaleiro, The Independence of Brazil (1993)
• Sergio Corrêa da Costa, Dom Pedro I: founder of the Brazilian Empire (1971)
• Emilia Viotti da Costa, The Brazilian Empire: Myths and Histories (1985)
• Richard Graham, Patronage and Politics in Nineteenth-Century Brazil (1994)
• Kirkendall, Andrew. Class Mates: Male Student Culture and the Making of a Political Class in Nineteenth-Century Brazil. University of Nebraska Press, 2002.
• Hendrik Kraay, “As Terrifying as Unexpected”: The Bahian Sabinada, 1837-1838,” Hispanic American Historical Review, 72:4 (Nov 1992): 501-27
• Kraay, Hendrik. Days of National Festivity in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 1823-1889. Stanford University Press, 2013.
• Kirsten Schultz, Tropical Versailles: Empire, Monarchy, and the Portuguese Royal Court in Rio de Janeiro, 1808-1821. Routledge, 2001
• Patrick Wilcken, Empire adrift: the Portuguese court in Rio de Janeiro, 1808-1821 (2005)

Slave Society, Abolitionism, and Abolition

• Castilho, Celso. Slave Emancipation and Transformations in Brazilian Political Citizenship. University of Pittsburgh Press, 2016.
• Maria Odila Silva Dias, Power and Everyday Life: the Lives of Working Women in Nineteenth-Century Brazil (1995)
• Zephyr Frank, Dutra’s World: Wealth and Family in Nineteenth-Century Rio de Janeiro, University of New Mexico Press, 2004
• Júnia Ferreira Furtado, Chica da Silva: A Brazilian Slave of the Eighteenth Century. Cambridge University Press 2009 [e-book at library]
  
• Matthias Rohrig Assuncao, "From Slave to Popular Culture: The Formation of Afro-Brazilian Art Forms in Nineteenth-Century Bahia and Rio de Janeiro," Iberoamericana, nueva epoca, ano 3 no. 12 (diciembre de 2003), pp. 159-176.
• Dale T. Graden: "Slave Resistance and the Abolition of the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade to Brazil in 1850," Historia Unisinos (Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil), 14:3 (Sept/Dec 2010)283-94. http://www.unisinos.br/publicacoes_cientificas/historia/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=43&Itemid=124&menu_ativo=active_menu_sub&marcador=124
• ________. “United States Involvement in the Transatlantic Slave Trade to Brazil, 1840-1858,” Afro-Asia , 35 (2007), 9-35. http://www.afroasia.ufba.br/edicao.php?codEd=88
• Sandra Lauderdale Graham, House and Street: The Domestic World of Servants and Masters in Nineteenth-Century Rio de Janeiro. (1988)
• ________. Caetana Says No: Women’s Stories from a Brazilian Slave Society. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002.
• Francisco Vidal Luna and Herbert S. Klein, Slavery and the economy of São Paulo, 1750-1850 (2003)
• Herbert S Klein, The Middle Passage: Comparative Studies in the Atlantic Slave Trade (1978)
• Herbert S Klein, African Slavery in Latin America and the Caribbean (1986)
• Herbert S Klein, The Atlantic Slave Trade (1999)
• Miki, Yuko. Frontiers of Citizenship: A Black and Indigenous History of Postcolonial Brazil. Cambridge University Press, 2017.
• Otovo, Okezi. Progressive Mothers, Better Babies: Race, Public Health and the State in Brazil, 1850-1945. University of Texas Press, 2016.
• João José Reis, Slave Rebellion in Brazil: The Muslim Uprising of 1835 in Bahia (1993)
• Special issue of Luso-Brazilian Review, 50:1 (June 2013), on "Brazilian Slavery and its Legacies." Contains up-to-date pieces by scholars in the field, including Douglas Libby, Mariana Candido, and Maria Lucia Araujo.
  

Abolitionism and Abolition

• Abreu, Martha. “Slave mothers and freed children: emancipation and female space in debates on the ‘Free Womb’ Law, Rio de Janeiro, 1871.” JLAS, 28:3 (1996): 567-80.
• George Reid Andrews, Blacks and Whites in São Paulo, Brazil, 1888-1988 (1991)
• Leslie Bethell, The Abolition of the Brazilian Slave Trade: Britain, Brazil and the slave trade question, 1807-1869 (1970)
• Kim D Butler, Freedoms Given, Freedoms Won: Afro-Brazilians in Post-Abolition São Paulo and Salvador (1998)
• Berbel, Márcia Regina, and Rafael Bivar Marquese. “The Absence of Race: Slavery, Citizenship and Pro-Slavery Ideology in the Cortes of Lisbon and the Rio de Janeiro Constituent Assembly (1821-4).” Social History, 32:4 (November 2007): 415-33.
• Castilho, Celso, and Camillia Cowling. “Funding Freedom, Popularizing Politics: Abolitionism and Local Emancipation Funds in 1880s Brazil.” Luso-Brazilian Review, 47: 1 (Spring 2010): 89-120.
• Chalhoub, Sidney. “The Politics of Disease Control: Yellow Fever and Race in Nineteenth-Century Rio de Janeiro.” Journal of Latin American Studies, 25:3 (Oct 1993):441-463.
• Castilho, Celso. Slave Emancipation and Transformations in Brazilian Political Citizenship. University of Pittsburgh Press, 2016.
• ________. “The Politics of Silence: Race and Citizenship in Nineteenth-Century Brazil.” Slavery & Abolition, 27:1 (April 2006): 73-87.
• Robert Edgar Conrad, The Destruction of Brazilian Slavery, 1850-1888 (1993)
• ______________, ed. Children of God’s Fire: A Documentary History of Black Slavery in Brazil. Princeton University Press (1984)
• Cowling, Camillia Conceiving Freedom: Women of Colour, Gender, and the Abolition of Slavery in Havana and Rio de Janeiro. UNC Press, 2013.
• Cowling, Camillia. “Debating Womanhood, Defining Freedom: The Abolition of Slavery in 1880s Rio de Janeiro.” Gender & History, 22:2 (August 2010): 284-301.
• Drescher, Seymour. “Brazilian Abolition in Comparative Perspective.” HAHR, 68:3 (August 1988): 429-60.
• Grinberg, Keila. “Freedom Suits and Civil Law in Brazil and the United States.” Slavery and Abolition, 22:3 (December 2001): 66-82.
• Kittleson, Roger A. “Campaign of All Peace and Charity: Gender and the Politics of Abolitionism in Porto Alegre, Brazil, 1846-1888.” Slavery & Abolition, 22 (2001): 83-108.
• Lauderdale Graham, Sandra. “The Vintem Riot and Political Culture, Rio de Janeiro, 1880.” HAHR, 60:3 (August 1980): 431-49.
• ________. “Slavery‟s Impasse: Slave Prostitutes, Small-time Mistresses, and the Brazilian Law of 1871.” Comparative Studies in Society and History, 33 (1991): 669-94
• Machado, Maria Helena. “From Slave Rebels to Strikebreakers: The Quilombo of Jabaquara and the Problem of Citizenship in Late-Nineteenth-Century Brazil.” HAHR, 86:2 (2006): 247-74.
• Needell, Jeffrey.
• Needell, Jeffrey. “The Abolition of the Brazilian Slave Trade in 1850: Historiography, Slave Agency and Statesmanship,” Journal of Latin American Studies, 33:4 (Nov. 2001): 681-711
• Nishida, Mieko. “Manumission and Ethnicity in Urban Slavery: Salvador, Brazil, 1808-1888.” HAHR, 73:3 (August 1993): 361-91.
• Joaquim Nabuco, Abolitionism, trans. by Robert Conrad (1977)
• A J R Russell-Wood, The Black Man in Slavery and Freedom in Colonial Brazil (1982)
• Rebecca Scott (et. al.), The Abolition of Slavery and the Aftermath of Emancipation in Brazil (1988)
• Thomas E. Skidmore, Black into white: race and nationality in Brazilian thought (1993)
• Scott, Rebecca. “Exploring the Meaning of Freedom: Postemancipation Societies in Comparative Perspective.” HAHR, 68:3 (1988): 407-28.
• Schwartz, Stuart. “Recent Trends in the Study of Slavery in Brazil.” Luso-Brazilian Review, 25:1 (Summer 1988): 1-25.
• Stanley J. Stein, Vassouras: A Brazilian Coffee Country, 1850-1900 (1957) (e-book at Library)
  
• Robert Brent Toplin, The Abolition of Slavery in Brazil (1972)

First Republic (1889-1930)

• Peter M Beattie, “The House, the Street and the Barracks: Reform and Honourable Masculine Social Space in Brazil, 1864-1945.” Hispanic American Historical Review, 76:3 (August 1996): 439-72.
• Beattie, Peter M. Tribute of Blood: Army, Honour, Race and Nation in Brazil, 1864-1945 (Duke University Press, 2001) [two standard loan copies in library]
• Jose Maria Bello, A History of Modern Brazil, 1889-1964 (1966)
• Susan K Besse, Restructuring Patriarchy: The Modernization of Gender Inequality in Brazil, 1914-1940 (1996)
• Leslie Bethell (ed.), Brazil: Empire and Republic, 1822-1930 (1989)
• Jerry Dávila, Diploma of whiteness: race and social policy in Brazil, 1917-1945 (2003)
• Todd Diacon, Millenarian Vision, Capitalist Reality: Brazil's Contestado Rebellion, 1912-1916. Duke University Press, 1991
• Todd Diacon, Stringing Together a Nation: Cândido Mariano da Silva Rondon and the Construction of Modern Brazil, 1906-1930. Durham: Duke University Press, 2004
• Marshall Eakin, Becoming Brazilians: Race and National Identity in Twentieth-Century Brazil. Cambridge University Press, 2017
• Gilberto Freyre, Order and Progress: Brazil from Monarchy to Republic (1986)
• Grandin, Greg. Fordlandia: The Rise and Fall of Henry Ford’s Forgotten Jungle City. Picador, 2010.
• Stephen H Haber (ed.), How Latin America Fell Behind: Essays on Economic Histories of Brazil and Mexico, 1800-1914 (1997)
• Robert M. Levine, Vale of Tears: Revisiting the Canudos Massacre in Northeastern Brazil, 1893-1897 (1992)
• Jeffrey Lesser, Immigration, Ethnicity, and National Identity in Brazil, 1808 to the Present (CUP, 2013)
• Frank D McCann, Soldiers of the Pátria : a history of the Brazilian Army, 1889-1937 (2004)
• Sandra McGeen Deutsch, Las Derechas: the extreme right in Argentina, Brazil, and Chile, 1890-1939 (1999)
• Teresa A Meade, Civilising Rio: Reform and Resistance in the Brazilian City, 1889-1930 (1997)
• Otovo, Okezi, Progressive Mothers, Better Babies: Race, Public Health and the State in Brazil, 1850-1945. University of Texas Press, 2016.
• Shawn C Smallman, Fear and memory in the Brazilian army and society, 1889-1954 (2002)

Vargas Era and the Second Republic

• Paulina Alberto, Terms of Inclusion: Black Intellectuals in Twentieth-Century Brazil. University of North Carolina Press, 2011. [e-book @ Library]
• Assunção, Matthias. Capoeira: The History of an Afro-Brazilian Martial Art. Routledge, 2005. [e-book @ library]
• Jerry Dávila, Diploma of whiteness: race and social policy in Brazil, 1917-1945 (2003) [one copy in library]
• John W F Dulles, Unrest in Brazil: Political Crisis, 1955-1964 (1970)
• John W F Dulles, Brazilian Communism, 1935-1945: repression during world upheaval (1983)
• Eakin, Marshall. Becoming Brazilians: Race and National Identity in Twentieth-Century Brazil. Cambridge University Press, 2017. [e-book @ library]
• Fisher, Brodwyn. A Poverty of Rights: Citizenship and Inequality in Twentieth-Century Rio de Janeiro. Stanford University Press, 2008.
• Peter Flynn, Brazil: A Political Analysis (1978)
• Paulo Fontes, Migration and the Making of Industrial São Paulo. Duke University Press, 2016. [e-book @ library]
• Paulo Fontes & Bernardo Buarque de Holanda, eds. The Country of Football: Politics, Culture, and the Beautiful Game in Brazil. Hurst & Co., 2014 [two print copies]
• John D. French, The Brazilian workers' ABC: class conflict and alliances in modern São Paulo. (1992)
• John D. French, “Workers and the Rise of Adhemarista Populism in São Paulo, Brazil, 1945-47,” Hispanic American Historical Review, 68:1 (Feb. 1988), pp. 1-43.
• Stanley E Hilton, Hitler’s Secret War in South America, 1939-1945: German military espionage and allied counter-espionage in Brazil (1982)
• Robert M Levine, Father of the Poor? Brazil’s Getúlio Vargas and his Era (1998)
• Robert M. Levine, The Vargas regime: the critical years, 1934-1938 (1970)
• Bryan D McCann, Hello, Hello Brazil: Popular Music and the Making of Modern Brazil
  
• R. S Rose, One of the forgotten things: Getúlio Vargas and Brazilian social control, 1930-1954 (2000)
• Ronald M Schneider, ‘Order and Progress’: A Political History of Brazil (1991)
• Thomas E Skidmore, Politics in Brazil, 1930-1964 (1967)
• Barbara Weinstein, For Social Peace in Brazil: Industrialists and the Remaking of the Working Class in São Paulo, 1920-1964 (1996)
• Barbara Weinstein, The Colour of Modernity: São Paulo and the Making of Race and Nation in Brazil. Duke University Press, 2015. [two standard loan copies @ library]
• Cliff Welch, The seed was planted: the Säo Paulo roots of Brazil's rural labor movement, 1924-1964 (1999)
• Daryle Williams, Culture wars in Brazil: the first Vargas regime, 1930-1945 (2001)
• Joel Wolfe, Working women, working men: São Paulo and the rise of Brazil's industrial working class, 1900-1955 (1993)
• Joel Wolfe, Autos and Progress: The Brazilian Search for Modernity. New York: OUP, 2010 [one copy in library]

Military Rule and the Transition to Democracy

• Craig L Arceneaux, Bounded missions: military regimes and democratization in the Southern Cone and Brazil (2001)
• Edmar L. Bacha and Herbert S. Klein (eds.) Social change in Brazil, 1945-1985: the incomplete transition (1989)
• Leslie Bethell, On democracy in Brazil past and present (University of London Institute of Latin American Studies Occasional Papers No 7 (1994), available at: http://sas-space.sas.ac.uk/4300/1/B63_-_On_Democracy_in_Brazil_Past_and_Present.pdf
  
• Wilber Albert Chaffee, Desenvolvimento: politics and economy in Brazil (1998)
• Renato Colistete, Labour relations and industrial performance in Brazil: greater São Paulo, 1945-1960 (2001)
• Michael L. Conniff and Frank D. McCann (eds.), Modern Brazil: elites and masses in historical perspective (1989)
• Jerry Dávila, Dictatorship in South America. Wiley-Blackwell, 2013.
• Peter Flynn, Brazil, a political analysis (1978)
• Manuel Antonio Garretâon M. and Edward Newman (eds), Democracy in Latin America: (re)constructing political society (2001)
• Andre Gunder Frank, Capitalism and underdevelopment in Latin America: historical studies of Chile and Brazil (1971)
• John D French, The Brazilian Workers’ ABC: class conflict and alliances in modern São Paulo (1992)
• Wendy Hunter, Eroding Military Influence in Brazil: politicians against soldiers (1997)
• Ollie A Johnson, Brazilian party politics and the coup of 1964 (2001)
• Andrew Kirkendall, Paulo Freire and the Cold War Politics of Literacy. [comparative, Latin America, with chapters on Brazil] UNC Press, 2010. [e-book @ Library]
• Scott P. Mainwaring, Rethinking party systems in the third wave of democratization: the case of Brazil (1999)
• Leigh A Payne, Brazilian Industrialists and Democratic Change (1994)
• Timothy J Power, The political right in post-authoritarian Brazil: elites, institutions, and democratization (2000)
• Helmut Reisen, Public Debt, External Competitiveness, and Fiscal Discipline in Developing Countries (1989)
• Riordan Roett, Brazil: politics in a patrimonial society (1999)
• John Saunders, Modern Brazil: new patterns and development (1971)
• Kenneth P. Serbin, Secret dialogues: church-state relations, torture, and social justice in authoritarian Brazil (2000)
• Ronald M Schneider, Order and Progress: a political history of Brazil (1991)
• Thomas E Skidmore, The Politics of Military Rule in Brazil, 1964-85 (1988)
• Anne-Marie Smith, A Forced Agreement: Press Acquiescence to Censorship in Brazil (1997)
• Celina Maria de Souza, Constitutional engineering in Brazil: the politics of federalism and decentralization (1997)
• Alfred Stepan (ed.), Democratizing Brazil: problems of transition and consolidation (1989)
• Alfred Stepan, Rethinking military politics: Brazil and the Southern Cone (1988)
• Alfred C Stepan (ed.), Authoritarian Brazil: Origins, Policies, and Future (1976)
• Baer Werner, The Brazilian economy: growth and development (2001)
• Lawrence Weschler, A Miracle, a Universe: Settling Accounts With Torturers (1998)
• Torture in Brazil: A Shocking Report on the Pervasive Use of Torture by Brazilian Military Governments, 1964-1979 (ILAS Special Publication: Catholic Church Archdiocese of Sao Paulo et al, 1998)

Brazil since 1985

• Rebecca Abers, Inventing local democracy: grassroots politics in Brazil (2000)
• Medea Benjamin and Maisa Mendonça, Benedita da Silva: an Afro-Brazilian woman’s story of politics and love (1997)
• Bruneau, T., “Church and Politics in Brazil.” Journal of Latin American Studies, vol.17, Nov. 1985.
• Birman, P. and D. Lehmann, ‘Religion and the Media in the Battle for Ideological Hegemony: The Universal Church of the Kingdom of God in Brazil’, Bulletin of Latin American Research, 18:2, April 1999, 145-64.
• Richard Bourne, Lula of Brazil: The Story So Far (2008)
• John Burdick, Blessed Anastacia: women, race, and popular Christianity in Brazil (1998)
• John Burdick, “What is the Colour of the Holy Spirit? Pentecostalism and Black Identity in Brazil,” Latin American Research Review, 34:2 (1999)
• Burdick, John, Looking for God in Brazil: The Progressive Catholic Church in Urban Brazil’s Religious Arena. University of California Press, 1993.
• ________. Legacies of Liberation: The Progressive Catholic Church in Brazil at the start of a new millennium. Hampshire: Ashgate, 2004.
• ________. “Why is the Black Evangelical Movement Growing in Brazil?”, Journal of Latin American Studies, 37:2, May 2005, pp. 311-32.
• Eduardo Batalha Viveiros de Castro, From the Enemy’s Point of View: humanity and divinity in an Amazonian society (1992)
• R Andrew Chesnut, Born Again: The Pentecostal Boom and the Pathogens of Poverty (1997)
• Maria D'Alva Kinzo and James Dunkerley (eds), Brazil since 1985: politics, economy and society (2003)
• Carl N. Degler, Neither black nor white: slavery and race relations in Brazil and the United States (1971)
• Gilberto Dimenstein, Brazil: War on Children (1991)
• Fishlow, Albert. Starting Over: Brazil since 1985.
• Gay, Robert. Bruno: Conversations with a Brazilian Drug-Dealer. Duke University Press, 2015 [e-book@ Library]
• Gay, Robert. Lucia: Testimonies of a Brazilian Drug-Dealer's Woman. Temple University Press, 2005 [e-book @ Library]
• Michael George Hanchard, Orpheus and Power: the Movimento Negro of Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo, Brazil 1945-1988 (1998)
• Michael Hanchard (ed.), Racial Politics in Contemporary Brazil (1999)
• Tobias Hecht, At Home in the Street: street children of Northeast Brazil (1998)
• Nancy Scheper-Hughes, Death Without Weeping: The Violence of Everyday Life in Brazil (1993)
• Georgia Kaufmann, Family Planning in Urban Brazil: gaps between policy and practice (1993)
• Susan Kaufman Purcell and Riordan Rett (eds.), Brazil Under Cardoso (1997)
• Hendrik Kraay (ed.) Afro-Brazilian culture and politics: Bahia, 1790s to 1990s (1998)
• David Lehmann, Struggle for the Spirit: Religious Transformation and Popular Culture in Brazil and Latin America (1996)
• Bryan McCann, The Throes of Democracy: Brazil since 1989 (Fernwood/ Zed Books, 2008)
  
• Cecilia McCallum, "Women Out of Place? A Micro-Historical Perspective on the Black Feminist Movement in Salvador da Bahia, Brazil." Journal of Latin American Studies, 39:1 (2007): 55-80.
• Robin Nagle and Jill Nagle, Claiming the Virgin: The Broken Promise of Liberation Theology in Brazil (1997)
• Frances B O’Connor, The Female Face as Patriarchy: oppression as culture (1999)
• Richard G Parker, Bodies, Pleasures, and Passions: sexual culture in contemporary Brazil (1991)
• Daphne Patai, Brazilian Women Speak: Contemporary Life Stories (1988)
• Anthony W Pereira, The End of the Peasantry: The Rural Labor Movement in Northeast Brazil, 1961-1988 (1997)
• Perlman, Janice. Favela: Four Decades of Living on the Edge in Rio de Janeiro. OUP, 2010 [e-book, one user at a time, and printed book @ library]
• Skidmore, Thomas, “Bi-Racial USA vs. Multi-Racial Brazil: Is the Contrast Still Valid?,” Journal of Latin American Studies, 25:2, May 1993.
• Rebecca Reichamann, "Brazil: equality, difference and identity politics." University of California, San Diego: Centre for Iberian and Latin American Studies Working Papers, no 16 (1999), available online at:http://clrc.soe.ucsc.edu/sites/clrcweb/files/sites/default/files/WorkingPapers/16_Reichmann.pdf
  
• Ronald M Schneider, Brazil: Culture and politics in a New Industrial Powerhouse (1996)
• Celina Souza, Constitutional Engineering in Brazil: The Politics of Federalism and Decentralisation (1997)
• Robin E Sheriff, Dreaming equality: color, race, and racism in urban Brazil (2001)
• Paul Sneed, “Favela Utopias: The Bailes Funk in Rio’s Crisis of Social Exclusion and Violence,” Latin American Research Review, 43:2 (2008): 57-79
• Lynn Stephen, Women and Social Movements in Latin America (1997)
• Winant, Howard, “Rethinking Race in Brazil,” Journal of Latin American Studies, 24:1, Feb. 1992; see also article by Reid Andrews in same issue.
• Frances Winddance Twine, Racism in a Racial Democracy: The Maintenance of White Supremacy in Brazil (1997)
• Manuel A Vásquez, The Brazilian Popular Church and the Crisis of Modernity (1998)
• Letícia Veloso, “Universal citizens, unequal childhoods: Children’s Perspectives on Rights and Citizenship in Brazil,” Latin American Perspectives, 35:4 (July 2008): 45-59
• Leandro Vergara-Camus, “The Politics of the MST: Autonomous Rural Communities, the State, and Electoral Politics,” Latin American Perspectives, 36:4 (July 2009): 178-91