Seminar questions:

What did Hilberg mean with the three categories bystander, perpatrator, victim?

Are these terms useful? Why or why not?

How did the non Jewish Poles react to the Warsaw ghetto?

What is the social relevance of denuncation?

Core readings:

Jadwiga Biskupska, Survivors: Warsaw Under Nazi Occupation (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2022), ch. 4.

Hana Kubátová,Accusing and Demanding: Denunciations in Wartime Slovakiain Lessons and Legacies XIII New Approaches to an Integrated History of the Holocaust: Social History, Representation, Theory

Extended readings:

Natalia Aleksiun, Intimate violence: Jewish testimonies on victims and perpetrators in Eastern Galicia, Holocaust Studies 23:1-2 (2017), pp. 17-33.

Omer Bartov, Anatomy of a genocide: The life and death of a town called Buczacz (New York: Simon and Schuster, 2018).

Bergen, War and genocide, pp. 119-127.

Max Bergholz, Violence as a Generative Force: Identity, Nationalism, and Memory in a Balkan Community (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2016).

Martin Dean, Collaboration in the Holocaust: Crimes of the Local Police in Belorussia and Ukraine,

1941–1944 (New York: St. Martin’s Press, 2000).

Barbara Engelking, “Murdering and Denouncing Jews in the Polish Countryside, 1942–1945,” East

European Politics and Societies 25, no. 3 (2011): 433–456.

David Kertzer, The Pope & Mussolini: The secret history of Pius XI and the rise of Fascism in Europe (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014).

Alexander Korb, "Understanding Ustaša violence," Journal of Genocide Research 12, 1 (2010).

Simon Levis Sullam, The Italian Executioners: The Genocide of the Jews of Italy (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2019).

Wendy Lower, Nazi Empire Building and the Holocaust in Ukraine (Chapel Hill: University of

North Carolina Press, 2005).

Shimon Redlich, Together and apart in Brzezany: Poles, Jews, and Ukrainians, 1919-1945 (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2000).

Jacques Sémelin, The survival of the Jews in France, 1940-44 (London: Hurst, 2018).

Joanna Tokarska-Bakir, "The Unrighteous Righteous and the Righteous Unrighteous," Dapim 24,1 (2010), pp. 11-63.

James Ward, Priest, Politician, Collaborator : Jozef Tiso and the Making of Fascist Slovakia (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2013).

Anton Weiss-Wendt, Murder without Hatred: Estonians and the Holocaust (Syracuse: Syracuse University Press, 2009).