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Department of History

Intermediate Year Referencing Quiz

This quiz is designed to reiterate some of the key points about referencing, each of which will help your work demonstrate good academic practice. This is a cornerstone of academic writing and a key part of your degree. You are also welcome, and indeed encouraged, to take the previous year quiz if you would like a refresher, and you can take the quiz as many times as you like!

To make it (slightly) more interesting it is themed around the NHS - we hope it can contribute to some healthy referencing!

1. The key to good footnoting is:
2. Where can you go for help with referencing and good academic practice? (select all that apply)
3. Guidance is that you can use any footnoting style provided it is an established format, you are consistent with it, and you use footnotes not in-text references. This is great if you are comfortable with a particular style from previous experience and studies. However, the department does have a preferred style that we advise you use if you don’t already have a preference, called:
4. Children’s author Michael Rosen published a collection of poems, letters, and illustrations, after his treatment under the NHS during the Covid-19 pandemic. The blurb reads: ‘each page celebrates the power of community, the importance of kind gestures in dark times, and the indomitable spirits of the people who keep us well.’ How would you footnote Rosen’s eBook? Book linked here
5. 2023 marked 75 years since the establishment of the National Health Service. Along with celebrations, thanks, and reflections, a number of academic texts were published to coincide with the anniversary, including this edited collection. How would you include the entire book in a bibliography? Book linked here
6. In his book Julian Simpson argues ‘the NHS is traditionally viewed as a typically British institution; a symbol of national identity. It has however always been dependent on a migrant workforce whose role has until recently received little attention from historians.’ This book is part of Manchester University Press’ ‘Social History of Medicine’ series. How would you go about footnoting it? Book linked here
7. There is often debate about how the NHS should be run, where funding goes, and how governments should operate the system. This prompts an ongoing news cycle, such as articles and editorials written for the BMJ and published solely online. How would you footnote this editorial? (Remember: online sources vary from print sources) Editorial linked here
8. The establishment of the NHS and the wider welfare state was heavily influenced by a preceding report, known as the Beveridge Report. This report made several recommendations and outlined social issues present in Britain at the time. How would you footnote this pdf of the abridged version of the report? PDF linked here
9. Before the NHS was formally established there were various consultations and meetings across the country and with various bodies. In this archival source from the Modern Records Centre we can read a report of the meeting between the architect of the NHS, Nye Bevan, and members of the Trades Union Congress. Referencing archival materials can sometimes seem overwhelming but with the key things in mind it is often as easy as any other reference. How would you reference this report in a bibliography? Source linked here
10. Footnoting is not just about what goes in the footer of your page but also how the body looks. This means ensuring footnote numbers are in the right place and doing the right job! Choose the correct way to use footnotes below: (select all that apply)
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(Pink coil spring spectacles, National Health Service issue, Wellcome Collection, L0059061, CC BY 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons)


(National Health Service leaflet, May 1948, The National Archives, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons)

(Aneurin Bevan, Minister of Health, on the first day of the National Health Service, 5 July 1948 at Park Hospital, Davyhulme, near Manchester, University of Liverpool Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, CC BY-SA 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons)

(NHS logo, SuperTinyIcons project, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons)

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