Seminar Questions:

1. Have developments since the Emergency strengthened or corroded democracy in India?
2. Discuss the ways in which economic liberalization has transformed Indian politics.

Seminar Readings:

1. Sudipta Kaviraj, “The Passive Revolution and India: A Critique”, in Trajectories of the Indian State: Politics and Ideas (Ranikhet, 2010), pp. 100-144
2. Sudipta Kaviraj, “The Politics of Liberalization in India”, in Trajectories of the Indian State: Politics and Ideas (Ranikhet, 2010), pp. 234-271
3. Nivedita Menon and Aditya Nigam, Power and Contestation: India Since 1989 (London, 2007), ‘Introduction’

Background Readings:

1. Ramachandra Guha, India after Gandhi: The History of the World’s Largest Democracy (Delhi, 2007)
2. Achin Vanaik, The Painful Transition: Bourgeois Democracy in India (London, 1990)
3. Ayesha Jalal, Democracy and Authoritarianism in South Asia (Cambridge, 1995)