Assigned Reading:

Quataert, chapter 9.

Thomas Gallant, The Edinburgh History of the Greeks, 1768 to 1913: The Long Nineteenth Century (Edinburgh University Press, 2015): chapter 3, "The war that changed the Greek world," 51-106.

Primary Source:

"Fight for Faith and Motherland," "The Holy Synod anathematizes the Philiki Etairia," and "Ottoman Reprisals," in Richard Clogg (ed. and trans.), The Movement for Greek Independence, 1770-1821: A Collection of Documents (Macmillan, 1976), 201-8.

Seminar Questions:

• To what extent were the new nation states of southeastern Europe "imagined communities"?
• What other identities competed with national identity?

Further Reading:

Benedict Anderson, Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origins and Spread of Nationalism (Verso, 2006).

Frederick Anscombe (ed.), The Ottoman Balkans, 1750-1830 (Markus Wiener, 2006).

Roderick Beaton, Byron's War: Romantic Rebellion, Greek Revolution (Cambridge University Press, 2013).

Richard Clogg, A Concise History of Greece, 3rd edition (Cambridge UP, 2013).

R.J. Crampton, A Concise History of Bulgaria, 2nd edition (Cambridge UP, 2005).

K.E. Fleming, The Muslim Bonaparte: Diplomacy and Orientalism in Ali Pasha's Greece (Princeton UP, 2014).

Benjamin Fortna, Stefanos Katsikas, Dimitris Kamouzis and Paraskevas Konortas (eds.), State-Nationalisms in the Ottoman Empire, Greece and Turkey: Orthodox and Muslims, 1830-1945 (Routledge, 2013).

Fatma Müge Göçek, “The Decline of the Ottoman Empire and the Emergence of Greek, Armenian, Turkish and Arab Nationalisms,” in Social Constructions of Nationalism in the Middle East, ed. Fatma Müge Göçek (State University of New York Press, 2002)

Dimitri Gondicas and Charles Issawi, Ottoman Greeks in the Age of Nationalism: Politics, Economy and Society in the Nineteenth Century (Darwin Press, 1999).

M. Şükrü Hanioğlu, “Turkish Nationalism and the Young Turks, 1889-1908,” in Göçek, Social Constructions of Nationalism in the Middle East.

David Kushner, The Rise of Turkish Nationalism, 1876-1908 (Cass, 1977).

Petros Pizanias (ed.), The Greek Revolution of 1821: A European Event (Isis, 2011).

Victor Roudometof, “From Rum Millet to Greek Nation: Enlightenment, Secularization and National Identity in Ottoman Balkan Society, 1453-1821,” Journal of Modern Greek Studies 16 (1998).

Terence Spencer, Fair Greece! Sad Relic: Literary Philhellenism from Shakespeare to Byron (Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1954).