Research Interests
Our research group is interested in elucidating molecular details of the cellular uptake of ricin Shiga-like toxin and other protein synthesis inhibiting toxins, and of using these proteins as tools to study certain intracellular transport processes in mammalian, yeast and plant cells.
- Spooner, Robert A., Lord, Mike, 2015. Ricin trafficking in cells. Toxins, 7 (1), pp. 49-65
- Pietroni, Paola, Vasisht, Nishi, Cook, Jonathan P., Roberts, David M., Lord, Mike, Hartmann-Petersen, Rasmus, Roberts, L. M. (Lynne M.), Spooner, Robert A., 2013. The proteasome cap RPT5/Rpt5p subunit prevents aggregation of unfolded ricin A chain. Biochemical Journal, 453 (3), pp. 435-445
- Spooner, Robert A., Lord, Mike, 2012. How ricin and shiga toxin reach the cytosol of target cells : retrotranslocation from the endoplasmic reticulum. Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, Vol.357, pp. 19-40
- Li, Shuyu, Spooner, Robert A., Hampton, Randolph Y., Lord, Mike, Roberts, L. M. (Lynne M.), 2012. Cytosolic entry of Shiga-like toxin A chain from the yeast endoplasmic reticulum requires catalytically active Hrd1p. PLoS ONE, Vol.7 (No.7)
- Sorieul, Mathias, Langhans, Markus, Guetzoyan, Lucie J., Hillmer, Stefan, Clarkson, Guy J., Lord, Mike, Roberts, L. M. (Lynne M.), Robinson, David G., Spooner, Robert A., Frigerio, Lorenzo, 2011. An Exo2 derivative affects ER and Golgi morphology and vacuolar sorting in a tissue-specific manner in arabidopsis. Traffic, Vol.12 (No.11), pp. 1552-1562
- Aletrari, Mina-Olga, McKibbin, Craig, Williams, Helen, Pawar, Vidya, Pietroni, Paola, Lord, Mike, Flitsch, Sabine L., Whitehead, Roger C., Swanton, Eileithyia, High, Stephen, Spooner, Robert A., 2011. Eeyarestatin 1 interferes with both retrograde and anterograde intracellular trafficking pathways. PLoS One, Vol.6 (No.7)
- Pawar, Vidya, De, Antara, Briggs, Laura, Omar, Mahmoud M., Sweeney, Sean T., Lord, Mike, Roberts, L. M. (Lynne M.), Spooner, Robert A., Moffat, Kevin G., 2011. RNAi screening of Drosophila (Sophophora) melanogaster S2 cells for ricin sensitivity and resistance. Journal of Biomolecular Screening, Vol.16 (No.4), pp. 436-442
- Lord, Mike, Spooner, Robert A., 2011. Ricin trafficking in plant and mammalian cells. Toxins, 3 (7), pp. 787-801
- Redmann, V., Oresic, K., Tortorella, L. L., Cook, Jonathan P., Lord, Mike, Tortorella, D., 2011. Dislocation of ricin toxin A chains in human cells utilizes selective cellular factors. Journal of Biological Chemistry, Vol.286 (No.24), pp. 21231-21238
- Guetzoyan, Lucie J., Spooner, Robert A., Boal, Frédéric, Stephens, David J., Lord, Mike, Roberts, L. M. (Lynne M.), Clarkson, Guy J., 2010. Fine tuning Exo2, a small molecule inhibitor of secretion and retrograde trafficking pathways in mammalian cells. Molecular BioSystems, Vol.6 (No.10), pp. 2030-2038
- Guetzoyan, Lucie J., Spooner, Robert A., Lord, Mike, Roberts, L. M. (Lynne M.), Clarkson, Guy J., 2010. Simple oxidation of pyrimidinylhydrazones to triazolopyrimidines and their inhibition of Shiga toxin trafficking. European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, Vol.45 (No.1), pp. 275-283
- Li, Shuyu, Spooner, Robert A., Allen, Stuart C. H., Guise, Christopher P., Ladds, Graham, Schnöder, Tina, Schmitt, Manfred J., Lord, Mike, Roberts, L. M. (Lynne M.), 2010. Folding-competent and folding-defective forms of Ricin A chain have different fates following retrotranslocation from the endoplasmic reticulum. Molecular Biology of the Cell, Vol.21 (No.15), pp. 2543-2554
- Boal, Frederic, Guetzoyan, Lucie, Sessions, Richard B., Zeghouf, Mahel, Spooner, Robert A., Lord, Mike (J. Mike), Cherfils, Jacqueline, Clarkson, Guy J., Roberts, L. M. (Lynne M.), Stephens, David J., 2010. LG186: an inhibitor of GBF1 function that causes Golgi disassembly in human and canine cells. Traffic, Vol.11 (No.12), pp. 1537-1551
- Crispin, Max, Chang, Veronica T., Harvey, David J., Dwek, Raymond A., Evans, Edward J., Stuart, David I., Jones, E. Yvonne, Lord, Mike, Spooner, Robert A., Davis, Simon J., 2009. A human embryonic kidney 293T cell line mutated at the Golgi -mannosidase II locus. Journal of Biological Chemistry
- Mayerhofer, Peter U., Cook, Jonathan P., Wahlman, Judit, Pinheiro, Teresa J. T., Moore, Katherine A. H., Lord, Mike, Johnson, Arthur E., Roberts, L. M. (Lynne M.), 2009. Ricin A chain insertion into endoplasmic reticulum membranes is triggered by a temperature increase to 37 degrees C. Journal of Biological Chemistry, Vol.284 (No.15), pp. 10232-10242
- Crispin, Max, Chang, Veronica T., Harvey, David J., Dwek, Raymond A., Evans, Edward J., Stuart, David I., Jones, E. Yvonne, Lord, Mike, Spooner, Robert A., Davis, Simon J., 2009. A human embryonic kidney 293T cell line mutated at the Golgi alpha-mannosidase II locus. Journal of Biological Chemistry, Vol.284 (No.32), pp. 21684-21695
- Marshall, Richard S., Jolliffe, Nicholas A., Ceriotti, Aldo, Snowden, Christopher J., Lord, Mike, Frigerio, Lorenzo, Roberts, L. M. (Lynne M.), 2009. The role of CDC48 in the retro-translocationof non-ubiquitinated toxin substrates in plant cells. Journal of Biological Chemistry, Vol.283, pp. 15869-15877
- Spooner, Robert A., Watson, Peter, Smith, Daniel C., Boal, Frédéric, Amessou, Mohammed, Mohammed, Ludger, Clarkson, Guy J., Lord, Mike, Stephens, David J., Roberts, L. M. (Lynne M.), 2008. The secretion inhibitor Exo2 perturbs trafficking of Shiga toxin between endosomes and the trans-Golgi network. Biochemical Journal, Vol.414 (No.3), pp. 471-484
- Spooner, Robert A., Harte, Philip J., Cook, Jonathan P., Pietroni, Paola, Rogon, Christian, Höhfeld, Jörg, Roberts, L. M. (Lynne M.), Lord, Mike, 2008. Cytosolic chaperones influence the fate of a toxin dislocated from the endoplasmic reticulum. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Vol.105 (No.45), pp. 17408-17413
- Chamberlain, Kerry L., Marshall, Richard S., Jolliffe, Nicholas A., Frigerio, Lorenzo, Ceriotti, Aldo, Lord, Mike, Roberts, L. M. (Lynne M.), 2008. Ricin B chain targeted to the endoplasmic reticulum of tobacco protoplasts is degraded by a CDC48- and vacuole-independent mechanism. Journal of Biological Chemistry, Vol.283 (No.48), pp. 33276-33286
- Grimaldi, Elizabeth, Claassen, Erwin A. W., Lord, Mike, Smith, Daniel C., Easton, A. J. (Andrew J.), 2007. Stimulation of pneumovirus-specific CD8(+) T-cells using a non-toxic recombinant ricin delivery system. Molecular Immunology, Vol.44 (No.5), pp. 993-998
- Allen, Stuart C. H., Moore, Katherine A. H., Marsden, Catherine J., Fülöp, Vilmos, Moffat, Kevin G., Lord, Mike, Ladds, Graham, Roberts, L. M. (Lynne M.), 2007. The isolation and characterisation of temperature-dependent Ricin A chain molecules in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.. FEBS Journal, Vol.274 (No.21), pp. 5586-5599
- Fuchs, Evelyn, Haas, Alexander K., Spooner, Robert A., Yoshimura, Shin-Ichiro, Lord, Mike, Barr, Francis A., 2007. Specific Rab GTPase-activating proteins define the Shiga toxin and epidermal growth factor uptake pathways. Journal of Cell Biology, Vol.177 (No.6), pp. 1133-1143
- Jarvis, Rosemary M., Chamba, Anita, Holder, Michelle J., Challa, Anita, Smith, Daniel C., Hodgkin, Matthew N., Lord, Mike, Gordon, John, 2007. Dynamic interplay between the neutral glycosphingolipid CD77/Gb3 and the therapeutic antibody target CD20 within the lipid bilayer of model B lymphoma cells. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, Vol.355 (No.4), pp. 944-949
- Amessou, Mohamed, Fradagrada, Alexandre, Falguières, Thomas, Lord, Mike, Smith, Daniel C., Roberts, L. M. (Lynne M.), Lamaze, Christophe, Johannes, Ludger, 2007. Syntaxin 16 and syntaxin 5 are required for efficient retrograde transport of several exogenous and endogenous cargo proteins. Journal of Cell Science, Vol.120 (No.8), pp. 1457-1468
- Allen, Stuart C. H., Moore, Katherine A. H., Marsden, Catherine J., Fülöp, Vilmos, Moffat, Kevin G., Lord, Mike, Ladds, Graham, Roberts, L. M. (Lynne M.), 2007. The isolation and characterization of temperature-dependent ricin A chain molecules in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. FEBS JOURNAL, 274 (21), pp. 5586-5599
- Fuchs, Evelyn, Hass, Alexander K., Spooner, Robert A., Yoshimura, Shin-ichiro, Lord, Mike, Barr, Francis A., 2007. Specific Rab GTPase-activating proteins define the Shiga toxin and epidermal growth factor uptake pathways. Journal of Cell Biology, Vol.177 (No.6), pp. 1133-1143
- Smith, Daniel C., Sillence, Daniel J., Falguie`res, Thomas, Jarvis, Rosemary M., Johannes, Ludger, Lord, Mike, Platt, Frances M., Roberts, L. M. (Lynne M.), 2006. The association of shiga-like toxin with detergent-resistant membranes is modulated by glucosylceramide and is an essential requirement in the endoplasmic reticulum for a cytotoxic effect. Molecular Biology of the Cell, Vol.17 (No.3), pp. 1375-1387
- Jolliffe, Nicholas A., Di Cola, Alessandra, Marsden, Catherine J., Lord, Mike, Ceriotti, Aldo, Frigerio, Lorenzo, Roberts, L. M. (Lynne M.), 2006. The N-terminal ricin propeptide influences the fate of ricin A-chain in tobacco protoplasts. JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY, 281 (33), pp. 23377-23385
- Spooner, Robert A., Smith, Daniel C., Easton, A. J. (Andrew J.), Roberts, L. M. (Lynne M.), Lord, Mike, 2006. Retrograde transport pathways utilised by viruses and protein toxins. Virology Journal, Vol.3
- Spooner, Robert A., Watson, Peter, Marsden, Catherine J., Smith, Daniel C., Moore, Katherine A. H., Cook, Jonathan P., Lord, Mike, Roberts, L. M. (Lynne M.), 2004. Protein disulphide-isomerase reduces ricin to its A and B chains in the endoplasmic reticulum. Biochemical Journal, Vol.383 (No.2), pp. 285-293
- Spooner, Robert A., Cook, Jonathan P., Li, Shuyu, Pietroni, Paula, Lord, Mike, 2010. How Ricin Reaches its Target in the Cytosol of Mammalian Cells. In Toxic Plant Proteins, Springer, pp. 207-224
- Stirling, Colin J., Lord, Mike, 2006. Quality control: Linking retrotranslocation and degradation. CURRENT BIOLOGY, CELL PRESS, pp. R1035-R1037
| Title | Funder | Award start | Award end |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mechanisms of Target Cell Entry and Applications of Protein Toxins | Wellcome Trust | 01 Mar 2007 | 28 Feb 2012 |
| Co-operative Research for the Development of Vaccines, Adjuvants, Thereapeutics (Cell Responses to and Proteins Exploited by .....) | National Institutes of Health | 01 Aug 2005 | 28 Feb 2010 |
| Selective chemical intervention in membrane trafficking - designing interfacial inhibitors specific to Arf1/Arf=GEF complexes. | BBSRC | 01 Jan 2007 | 31 Dec 2009 |
| Cellular Intoxication by Ricin | Department of Health | 01 Jan 2005 | 31 Dec 2007 |
| Structure, Stability & Molecular Interactions In Biological Systems | BBSRC | 01 Sep 2005 | 31 May 2006 |
| Genetic analysis of ricin action | Department of Health | 01 Mar 2004 | 01 Mar 2005 |
| The interaction of ricin in chain with biological membranes | DTI | 01 Jul 2004 | 31 Dec 2004 |
| Real time PCR & high throughput sequencing facilities for biomedical research, microbiology and cell biology | BBSRC | 01 Oct 2003 | 30 Jun 2004 |
| Identifying components of the yeast ERAD pathway and their interaction with toxic substrate | BBSRC | 01 Dec 2003 | 29 Feb 2004 |