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Optical Character Recognition (OCR): Corrected and Uncorrected

A key part of the digitisation project was to make it possible for researchers to search for key words and terms in the online documents - making it much easier to identify relevant information. It is only possible to do this if, as well as the image, there is a transcription of the document that can be searched by the computer software. We used Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software to "read" the images and turn them into text files, but unfortunately the computer programme is unable to read joined up handwriting and struggles to correctly identify some of the 1930s typescript and printed material.

Below are two transcriptions of the back page of a leaflet produced to promote the exhibition of Picasso's painting 'Guernica' in London (document reference: MSS.292/946/18b/66Link opens in a new window). "Before" shows the text as it is seen by the OCR software, "After" shows the same transcription after it has been corrected by a member of staff. For this project, we had to go through and correct over 13,000 pages of material.

Before:

After:

at the New Burlington Gallerie? October14th 29th under the auspices of the NATIONAL JOINT COMMITTEE FOR'SPANISH RELIEF

GUERNICA

THE TRAt.il Dì OF GUI RNICA

Under this title, the London newspaper' The 71 me, published the follow ma, on toril 28th, /O37;— "Guernica, the most ancient town of the Basque and the Centn ol their cultural tradition, was completely destroyed yesterday afternoon In insurgent air raiders, the bombardment of this open town tar behind the lines occupied precisely throe hours an 1 .1 quarter.......In the form ot its execution and the scale ol the destruction it wrought, BO less than in the selection of its objective, the raid on Guernica is unparalleled in militai \ history. Guernica was not ,1 military objective........The whole town ol 7,000 inhabitants, plus 5,000 refugees, wis slowly and systematically pounded to pieces."

The 'MoraitU Port published the following, article fron Reufr I correspondent in liilhao on April 28th IÇJ7:—

"The ruthless destruction bv Insurgent aircr.ttt ol Guernic 1, the defenceless'holy city* of thé Basques, will rouse unquenchable hatred ol General Mola and his men in the breas) of every Basque in Spain, it is felt here..........Gentian aviators .we now officiait) charged with having perpetrated yesterday's terrible slaughter, in which, it is stated, 4,000 bombs ami 100 aerial torpedoes were dropped.........flic raid occurred on market day when the town was hill ol peasants. Like other Basque country towns it was absolutely defenceless",

On April 28th, 1*)17, the 'Daily Exprtst' pubi i Üud the following from Mr, Soci \lonk<. its correspondent in tiiibao: — "I have seen manv giustiv sights in Spain in the lati six months, hut none more terrible than the annihilation ol the ancient Basque capital ol Guernica by Franco's bombing planes.

ö O 0

On May of/i /s>J7 'The /'/met' correspondent in liilhoo staled: -"The statement issued I rom Salamanca that Guernica was dest n >yed by ' Red ' incendiaries is I a Le"

<t O <>

On May im 1937, I/'. Mosi Monks stated In the 'Dailj Express'¡ ^ "I will swear to it that franco's German aviators bombed Guernica, and thai they killed 1,000* civilians".

O O O

On May 61 h i y J7 ' The Times' published a statement from the mayor of due run ¡1 in 11 'hit h at laid "It was not our militia who set (ire to Guernica, and if the oath ol a Christian and .1 Basque alcalde has any value, I swear before God and history that German aeroplanes bombed vi( iously and cruelly our beloved town of Guernica until they had wiped it hum the earth."

A Y F. A R LATER "The July itinerary (organised by the National Spanish Travel Service) will include a \isit to _Guernica, the town that figured in the Red's greatest slander against Franco's torces"

'Catholic Times' 24th June / u ,\V

PICASSO

Pablo Ruiz Picasso was born in Malaga in 1881. He spent his youth in Barcelona. In hjoi he went to Paris where he has lived ever since. He has been one ol the leaders ol the modern movement in painting. Cubism, DadaJsm and Surrealism owe much to bis Influence, He is well known for his stage settings for Serge de Diagilew's Russian Ballet. In i^jd lie w as appointed honorary director of the Prado by the Spanish Government.

TIIIS WORK WAS EXHIBITED IN THE SPANISH PAVILION

at the

INTERNATIONAL. EXHIBITION IN PARIS iyJ7

EXHIBITION of PICASSO'S "GUERNICA" at the New Burlington Galleries - October 4th-29th under the auspices of the NATIONAL JOINT COMMITTEE FOR SPANISH RELIEF

GUERNICA

THE TRAGEDY OF GUERNICA

Under this title, the London newspaper 'The Times', published the following, on April 28th, 1937:— "Guernica, the most ancient town of the Basque and the centre of their cultural tradition, was completely destroyed yesterday afternoon by insurgent air raiders. The bombardment of this open town far behind the lines occupied precisely three hours and a quarter.......In the form of its execution and the scale of the destruction it wrought, no less than in the selection of its objective, the raid on Guernica is unparalleled in military history. Guernica was not a military objective........The whole town of 7,000 inhabitants, plus 5,000 refugees, was slowly and systematically pounded to pieces."

The 'Morning Post published the following article from Reuter's correspondent in Bilbao on April 28th 1937:—

"The ruthless destruction by insurgent aircraft of Guernica, the defenceless 'holy city' of the Basques, will rouse unquenchable hatred of General Mola and his men in the breast of every Basque in Spain, it is felt here..........German aviators are now officially charged with having perpetrated yesterday's terrible slaughter, in which, it is stated, 4,000 bombs and 100 aerial torpedoes were dropped.........The raid occurred on market day when the town was full of peasants. Like other Basque country towns it was absolutely defenceless".

On April 28th, 1937, the 'Daily Express' published the following from Mr. Noel Monks, its correspondent in Bilbao: —

"I have seen many ghastly sights in Spain in the last six months, but none more terrible than the annihilation of the ancient Basque capital of Guernica by Franco's bombing planes.

On May 6th 1937 'The Times' correspondent in Bilbao stated: -

"The statement issued from Salamanca that Guernica was destroyed by 'Red' incendiaries is false"

On May 1st 1937, Mr. Noel Monks stated in the 'Daily Express': -

"I will swear to it that Franco's German aviators bombed Guernica, and that they killed 1,000 civilians".

On May 6th 1937 'The Times' published a statement from the mayor of Guernica in which he said -

"It was not our militia who set fire to Guernica, and if the oath of a Christian and a Basque alcalde has any value, I swear before God and history that German aeroplanes bombed viciously and cruelly our beloved town of Guernica until they had wiped it from the earth."

A YEAR LATER

"The July itinerary (organised by the National Spanish Travel Service) will include a visit to Guernica, the town that figured in the Red's greatest slander against Franco's forces"

'Catholic Times' 24th June 1938

PICASSO

Pablo Ruiz Picasso was born in Malaga in 1881. He spent his youth in Barcelona. In 1901 he went to Paris where he has lived ever since. He has been one of the leaders of the modern movement in painting. Cubism, Dadaism and Surrealism owe much to his influence. He is well known for his stage settings for Serge de Diagilew's Russian Ballet. In 1936 he was appointed honorary director of the Prado by the Spanish Government.

THIS WORK WAS EXHIBITED IN THE SPANISH PAVILION at the INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION IN PARIS 1937