The Modern Records Centre holds a set of 'The Labourer' and 'The Land Worker', the journal of the National Union of Agricultural and Allied Workers. The magazine is a gold mine of information about trade union activism in the less industrialised areas of 20th century Britain and also includes a wealth of material on broader subjects relating to rural life. We've extracted some examples of images and articles published between 1915 (when the journal was launched) and 1934 which show a more radical view of rural life between the two World Wars than the more bucolic vision that is sometimes presented.
Subjects covered below include some of the hardships of rural life, including low pay, poor housing and child labour; the roles of women in the countryside; the merits (or otherwise) of Empire emigration; strikes and protest, including the long-running Burston School Strike; tributes to prominent individuals in the labour movement (from Joseph Arch to Mary Macarthur); arts and culture in the countryside, including poetry, theatre and the newly available radio; technological changes, such as the introduction of electricity and replacement of the plough with the tractor; and Armistice Day tributes to the fallen of the First World War.
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1915-02: 'Child labour on farms'
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1915-02: 'The poor's best friends are the poor' - mine worker and agricultural labourer
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1915-04: 'A woman's message and an appeal' by Annie E. Reeves
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1915-04: 'Kultur in Britain' - child labour in agriculture
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1915-04: The Agricultural Labourers' Marching Song
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1915-04: The Labourer, including news of the Burston School Strike
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1915-10: 'Unbuttered parsnips' - low pay for agricultural workers
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1916-01: 'The Burston Rebellion' by Ed. B. Reeves
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1916-01: 'The farmer's dilemma' over pay and enlistment
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1916-01: First World War advert for CWS Productions
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1916-04: 'Our portrait gallery - members of the NAL&RWU Executive Committee
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1916-04: cartoon of farmer having a tantrum
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1916-07: 'Burston School Strike. A Norfolk campaign'
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1916-07: 'Our portrait gallery' - John A. Arnett and W.G. Cooling
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1916-07: cartoon about the Board of Agriculture's campaign to increase food production
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1919-05: Tribute to Joseph Arch
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1919: 'The housing problem: The model village of Bournville'
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1921-02: 'A woman's champion' - tribute to Mary Macarthur
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1921-06: 'The tales of Thomas', the union cat
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1921-07: 'Let the women have a chance' by Catherine Florey
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1921-07: cartoon relating to the 1921 miners' dispute
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1921-08: 'The slave market' - hiring fairs
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1921-11: 'The commonsense of clothing' by a woman doctor
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1921-11: 'The problem of land ownership'
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1921-11: Delegates to the Trades Union Congress
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1922-01: 'The Norfolk strike'
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1922-01: 'The Northants strike: Procession at Broughton, with NUR band'
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1922-01: 'The struggle in Northants', with cartoon about union vs. workhouse
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1922-03: 'In the tomato house'
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1922-04: 'Do farm workers' wives waste money?'
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1922-04: 'The labourer as poet' - John Clare
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1922-06: 'Staffordshire banner, unfurled at Stafford on May 7th'
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1922-08: 'Filling and sealing bottles of Grade A (certified) milk'
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1922-09: 'A Co-operative Wholesale Society farm: Picking fruit for CWS jam'
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1922-09: 'Not wanted - in England' - emigration of farm workers
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1922-10: Trade union leaders at Congress
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1923-01: 'Man overboard' - farm worker in trouble
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1923-02: 'There isn't a little war on now!" - low wages of labourers
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1923-03: 'Locked out, but cheerful!' - members at Wrestlingworth, Bedfordshire
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1923-04: 'The farm war' - members of the Norfolk Dispute Committee
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1923-05: 'No room in the workhouse' - Wymondham district labourers, Norfolk
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1923-05: 'Well played Norfolk!'
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1923-05: The Norfolk strike, including 'Song of the Norfolk farm labourer'
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1923-06: 'The Hallelujah wind-up in Norfolk' by W.B. Taylor
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1923-06: 'Transported for life! - emigration
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1923-06: George Edwards with James Pightling, enjoying a game of bowls
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1923-07: 'The man with the hoe locked out!'
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1923-09: 'Sisters to assist us!' by A.E. Rochester
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1923-09: 'The Daily L**r' - 'I saw it in the newspaper - but is it true?'
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1923-11: 'On behalf of women - a few home truths' by A.E. Rochester
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1924-01: 'Collapse of the fat men' - new Labour government
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1924-02: 'Wireless and our countryside' by Doris Thewlis
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1924-02: New Labour government
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1924-05: 'Women at school' in Soviet Russia
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1924-07: 'The only way' - union solidarity
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1924-11: 'Taking the theatre to the countryside'
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1924-11: 'Who ought to emigrate?'
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1924-12: 'Mr Walker discusses election issues with his farm-worker supporters'
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1925-02: 'Women's labour on the farms'
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1925-03: 'On Wages Board agreements'
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1925-03: 'Proof positive' - Wages Committee permits of exemption
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1925-03: CWS milk distribution
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1925-04: 'A woman at work in the villages' by Mrs Uzzell
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1925-06: 'The cottages we do not want' - cottage in Warwickshire
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1925-07: 'Village homes, well-planned and beautiful'
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1925-09: emigration to Canada and Australia
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1925-10: 'All trade unionists behind farm workers' fight'
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1925-11: 'Secret union meetings in the corn' in fascist Italy
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1926-01: 'Are country people stronger than townspeople?'
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1926-02: 'There is more in rural life than agriculture'
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1926-02: 'What happens to the emigrant?'
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1926-03: 'Two little vagabonds' - rich and poor
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1926-06: 'Better education for our children'
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1926-10: 'The Tolpuddle meeting'
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1926-11: 'A store on a group settlement, Western Australia'
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1926-11: 'Let every man Jack join the union!'
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1926-11: 'Making a home in Australia'
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1926-12: 'The real Father Christmas'
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1926-12: new union members
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1927-01: 'Village industries'
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1927-04: 'An argument about wages' in East Lothian
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1927-05: cartoon about new legal restrictions on trade unions
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1927-07: 'The splendid fighters' by A.J. Cook
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1927-09: 'Two men die' - Sacco and Vanzetti'
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1927-12: 'Willum has done his bit...'
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1928-02: 'Thomas Hardy - the English countryman'
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1928-02: Canadian National Railways emigration advertisement
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1928-02: cartoon on tied cottages
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1928-03: 'A group of modern cottages. A Warwickshire housing experiment'
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1928-03: 'A pleasing experiment in rural housing'
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1928-03: cartoon on the upcoming general election
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1928-07: 'Norfolk unfurls its banner' at Fakenham
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1928-11: 'Out they have to go!' - evictions from tied cottages
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1928-12: 'Old lady tells how she went to prison for the union' - Fanny Rathband, Milton under Wychwood
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1928: W. Holmes, General Secretary, National Union of Agricultural Workers
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1929-08: 'Cook was at his best' - A.J. Cook at Fakenham
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1929-08: Front cover - rural scene
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1929-09: Downham Mill, Ely
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1929-10: 'Going to the trades union parliament at Belfast'
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1929-12: 'The last Christmas in the German trenches' by Fritz Faass
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1930-10: 'Mother and child - by Epstein?'
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1930-11: 'Historic convict ship still on show'
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1930-11: Armistice Day - plowing in front of war memorial
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1930-12: 'Some of the things we grow'
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1930-12: 'The workers are happy on Russia's giant farms' by Joan Beauchamp
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1931-06: Mechanisation of farming - tractor in the field
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1931-08: 'Away with housework!' - electricity in the home
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1931-08: 'Great days in Norfolk' - Fakenham demonstration
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1931-08: 'Immediate start on cottage building'
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1931-08: 'So this is England!' - imported goods
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1931-09: 'How a successful farm is run' and Burston Strike School
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1931-09: Plough and birds
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1931-10: Mechanisation of farm - abandoned plough, with tractor in use
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1931-11: Armistice Day - the plough and the trench
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1931-12: 'Are better and cheaper cottages coming?'
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1932-01: 'Russia's great experiment'
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1932-04: 'A mother of all children' - tribute to Margaret McMillan
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1932-05: 'More and more tariffs'
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1933-01: 'Norfolk employers' big mistake'
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1933-02: 'For the cost of one battleship we could build...'
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1933-03: 'The gorgeous standards of the union are carried through the heart of London'
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1933-04: 'Evicted from cottage ruin... and nowhere to go'
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1933-07: 'The union's new award', National Union of Agricultural Workers
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1933-08: 'A record of good work' - Beatrice Bezzant
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1933-08: 'There is plenty of spare money for this - but there's no spare money for these'
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1934-01: 'Memories of George Edwards: A record in pictures'
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1934-02: 'To speed the plough - raise the wages'
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1934-06: 'The biennial conference photograph'
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1934-07: The Land Worker: a rural scene
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1934-08: 'Hitlers of countryside' and 'Stalin reports'
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1934-09: 'Building the Tolpuddle cottages'
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1934-09: 'Tolpuddle's great days'
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1934-09: Tolpuddle commemoration
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1934-11: Electricity in the countryside